known the unworthy proceedings. Whatever prejudices this individual might have entertained against the accused, he strictly examined the various statements, pointed out their many defects, and proposed to the private council that was convened upon the occasion the alterations which he thought it would be advisable and necessary to make. The corrections consisted of a sheet of paper, whereupon the twelve articles had been written by Jaques

to our Lord God alone, more especially as regards the revelations, and the matters to which they relate, and to every thing she has done by virtue of those revelations; and she states that she has not uttered this and the other answers from her own head, but that she has spoken and delivered them by command of those voices, and by virtue of the revelations made to her; although the judges and other persons present declared to her several times the article of the faith - I believe in the one Holy and Catholic Church, explaining to her that every living follower of the faith is bound to obey and submit his words and actions to the church militant, particularly in matters of faith, and what concerns the sacred doctrine and ecclesiastical ordinances.

And in reference to Article I.

She has hesitated and refused to submit herself, her words, and actions, to the church militant, although several times exhorted and required; stating that it is impossible for her to act contrary to what she has affirmed in her process to have done by the order of God; and that, in respect to those things, she does not refer to the decision or judgment of any living creature, but solely to the judgment of God.

de Touraine, covered with marginal and interlined additions and alterations, of which the judges at the revisal took an entire copy. It has been ascertained that these corrections were sanctioned by the assessors; but the articles were nevertheless adopted in their original form, altogether disagreeing with, and even frequently contradicting the answers delivered by Jeanne. As a proof of this, she was represented to have affirmed, that her delivery from prison would be effected, and that the French, accompanied by her, would perform the greatest feats of arms ever yet achieved in Christendom. The assertions that she had made concerning her male attire were misrepresented; it was stated that she would not attend the celebration of mass because she must lay it aside, whereas it was well known that she consented to put on the dress of her own sex in order to hear the church service, on condition that she should be allowed to resume her favourite apparel afterwards. Every precaution was taken to conceal Jeanne's real motives for this conduct, originating, as before observed, in extreme modesty, which had been repeatedly subjected to the most brutal assaults from the vilest of men.

The assessors and doctors, when consulted upon questions thus garbled and contrary to truth, were almost unanimous in their unfavourable opinions, and adjudged the prisoner guilty upon every count. In order to remove from the recollection of the

accused the advice she had received from father Isambart, recourse was had to the expedient of weakening and changing, by equivocations and subtle distinctions, the definition which Jean de la Fontaine had given to La Pucelle of the church militant. Thus the entire routine of the process was involved in ambiguity, and it was in this manner that all the ulterior proceedings respecting the prisoner were uniformly conducted.

At this juncture it was reported that Jeanne d'Arc was taken dangerously ill, when cardinal Beaufort and the earl of Warwick, having ascertained the fact, employed Guillaume des Jardins and Guillaume de la Chambre, two practitioners in medicine, with other doctors. At the interview which took place with these individuals, the earl of Warwick stated that Jeanne was ill, and that he had summoned them for the purpose of holding a consultation. "For," added the earl, "the king of England would not for the world that she should die a natural death ;* he has paid dearly for her, and her days must end by the hand of justice; he expects to have her burnt. See her, therefore, and adopt every precaution that she may recover." The doctors, in consequence, visited the prisoner, and agreed that she ought to lose blood. When they returned to the earl of Warwick, in order

Deposition of Guillaume de la Chambre.

"Take

to make known to him their decision: heed," said the latter, "not to bleed her; for she is artful and might put an end to herself." Notwithstanding this, however, Jeanne was bled, and the fever immediately abated. The judges despatched one Jean Tiphaine, a student in medicine, to visit the invalid, who was introduced to her by the proctor Estivet; when the latter conducted himself towards Jeanne in the most infamous manner, and loaded her with abuse of the vilest description. The unfortunate sufferer, unable to suppress her just indignation, endeavoured to rebut these foul aspersions, and was in consequence so exhausted from irritation, that a return of the fever immediately took place. The nature of the prisoner's disorder might lead to a suspicion that the bishop of Beauvais had sought to poison her, in order the more easily to rid himself and the English his masters of the burden and the disgrace of a tedious and iniquitous judicial proceeding.*

Upon the first citation, which took place on the 18th of April, Jeanne was in imminent danger. In

In respect to this illness of Jeanne d'Arc, one of the witnesses made the following singular statement: On the prisoner's being questioned as to whether she could in any way account for her indisposition, she replied, that the bishop of Beauvais had sent her a carp of which she had eaten, and that she firmly believed her illness originated in that circumstance. -Chaussard, vol. i. p. 64.

this extremity she only requested that the sacraments of penitence and the eucharist might be administered to her, and an assurance that her body after death should be consigned to consecrated ground.

The wretched captive had too long perceived that her life was forfeited, and that it was vain to delude herself with a hope of release from her enemies. This at least appears evident from the following fact.

Raymond, Lord de Macy, came to visit La Pucelle, accompanied by the earls of Warwick and Stafford, the comte de Ligny, who had basely sold her, and the chancellor of England. Comte de Ligny, addressing himself to La Pucelle, said: "Jeanne, I am come to treat respecting your ransom in case you will promise never again to take up arms against us:" to which Jeanne replied: "En nom de Dieu vous vous riez de moi, car je sais bien que vous n'en avez ni le vouloir ni le pouvoir. Je sais bien que ces Anglais me feront mourir, croyant après ma mort gagner le royaume de France; mais fussent-ils cent mille godons plus qu'ils ne sont de présent, ils n'auraient pas ce royaume. By my God, you do but mock me; for I well know that you have neither the will nor the power. I am certain that these English will put me to death, thinking, after I am gone, to gain the kingdom of France; but were they a hundred thousand (godons) gluttons more than they are at present, they would not possess the king