the effective firing of the Austrians, whilst their own small fire-arms were utterly without effect. And now the insurgents at Cracow passed three days of anxious expectation, amidst entire helplessness and indecision.

The Austrians, in their immediate vicinity, grew every day in strength, and before long the Russians and Prussians must also appear before Cracow, and what was then to be done? There was but one answer to this question; either a struggle unto death, or immediate surrender at discretion. There certainly were a few exalted Hotspurs, who spoke of defending Cracow to the last man, but the majority, especially the large mass of tradesmen and citizens, had no taste for such a display of heroism. At last the armed bodies concluded to desert Cracow, which they did on the night of the 2d and 3d March. The body of the insurgents was now divided. One party directed its course towards Wielicska, and was lost, at least nothing further was ever heard of it; the other party, (of about one thousand men,) attempted an invasion into Russian Poland. But here they learned the fearful news, that a strong body of Russian troops was marching towards them, and would probably meet them on the highway to Cracow; this intelligence extinguished the last remaining sparks of courage. They quickly relinquished the plan of beginning a petty partizan war in the kingdom of Poland, hastily retreated to the Cracovienne District, and marched by way of Krzeszowice, towards the Prussian frontier. After they had, through a deputation, informed the Prus sian commander of the frontier, of their intention to surrender to Prussia, a detachment of Prussian cavalry overtook them near Chrzanow, and conducted them into the Prussian dominions. Here they surrendered their arms. A small body of the insurgents who had lagged somewhat behind, fell into the hands of the Russians, beyond Chrzanow.

Meanwhile the citizens of Cracow had, on the 3d March, sent a deputation to Ge

neral Collin, at Podgorze, to declare their submission. General Collin immediately convened a Provisional Senate, (consisting of seven members, with Senator Kopf as chairman,) commanded the citizens and the insurgents to denounce and deliver up all the chiefs of the late rebellion, as also to deliver up all arms and ammunitions. The Provisional Senate should meanwhile conduct the affairs of Government until the three Protective Powers would have made further arrangements. Any one disobeying these orders was immediately to be tried by court-martial.

In the afternoon of the same day the castle and other principal places of Cracow were already guarded by a part of the Russian Avantgarde, and immediately after, the Austrian General, Collin, entered the city with a large body of troops, to occupy every remaining post. Thus, on the evening of the 3d, there were already in Cracow three battalions of Russian infantry, 500 cavalry, (mostly Cossacks,) and 12 pieces of artillery, as also General Rudiger, and several large bodies of troops, on their way there. Of Austrians there were four companies of infantry, two divisions of light cavalry, and two fieldpieces, all under the command of FieldMarshal Count Webna, who had, moreover, a battalion and a squadron in reserve at Podgorze. Of Prussian troops there are at present two battalions of infantry, and two squadrons of cavalry at Cracow, under the command of General Von Brandenburg.

This, then, is a short review of the late occurrences in Cracow. Concerning the insurrection in Gallicia, we can at present only say, that a fearful slaughter between citizens and boors had taken place; and that the nobility fared worse than either. According to the last advices, about 50,000 Austrian troops were in Gallicia; but even then it seemed doubtful whether quiet would soon be restored. We may, per. haps, make the revolt in Gallicia the subject of a future and separate article.

perseverance, exhibited by the able author and compiler. In the 96 pages of the work, is embraced a view of the capital of New-Englaud, at once comprehensive and minute, affording the most satisfactory evidence of the great prosperity of the Athens of America. We sincerely trust, that the great success which has attended the labor of Mr. Shattuck, will tempt other cities, as well as states, to add to the information conferred upon the public by him. He modestly states, that a portion of the information embodied in the work bears but "indirectly upon its main object." In this we differ from him. There is no species of statistical information in relation to the people, which is not of the highest interest.

The Life of General Winfield Scott. By EDWARD D. MANSFIELD, of Cincinnati, Ohio. A. S. Barnes & Co.

The life of a distinguished soldier like General Scott is a benefit conferred upon his countrymen, and its history should be cherished by every citizen. It is in the hour of battle and the day of trial, that the virtues of the patriot are called into action. And those men who promptly and effectually expose their bosoms to the blows of the enemy in the hour of danger, are they to whom all classes of citizens are indebted for the undisturbed enjoyment of their home. The work is embellished with a portrait on steel, and embraces an account of his services during the last war-a description of the battles in which he was engaged, viz.: Queenstown, Fort George, Chippewa, and Niagara. Passing events in the political world make this reminiscence of the last war matter of peculiar interest at this time. Now that our soldiers are about again to be called into the field, their deeds in the last war should become familiar to all; and the clear descriptions, accompanied by well-executed maps of the various battles, contained in the work before us should be in the hands of all.

"Boarding Out," a tale of Domestic Life. By the author of" Keeping House," &c. Harper & Brothers.

The numerous class of persons condemned to the tender mercies of "boardinghouses," will recognize in this little narrative a truthfulness of detail that will appeal powerfully to their sympathies. It depicts the ordeal through which a young couple passed, to learn that the cares of housekeeping are not to be remedied or avoided by striking your tent and becomng a wanderer in the land of your fathers.

Wisconsin, its Geography and Topogra phy, &c. By J. A. LAPHAM. Paine & Burgess: New-York.

The rapidity with which this continent is settled; the enterprising and bold spirit of its inhabitants; and the vigor with which they push forward into the wilder ness, to subdue it to the will of man; and the great success which, in many cases, has attended the emigrant to the west, with the almost certainty of competency that for the most part attends a location on the fertile valleys of the western waters, creates an absorbing interest in everything that relates to that land of promise. But ten years since and Wisconsin was a wilderness. It now comprises a territory nearly twice as large as the state of New-York. It contains a population of 117,000 souls, and has paid the General Government $3,768,106 for public lands. Its taxable property is $9,324,305, and it is an important grain exporting territory. The little work before us presents, in an agreeable form, the progress, resources, and advantages of that region, which in a thriving and prosperous beyond the most few years will teem with a population sanguine views of the people of the Old World.

The Auto-Biography of Edward Gibbon, Esq., with occasional Notes and Narrative. By LORD JOHN SHEFFIEld. 1 vol. 12mo. Turner & Hayden: New-York.

The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, an immortal work, which has

won the admiration of the learned of

all countries, and which occupies the whole field of history for the period of which it treats, has placed the author in th foremost rank of historians, and thrown around his life an interest which his numerous admirers will appreciate. The memoir was long unprocurable separate from the other writings of the author; but has now been produced in one elegant and portable volume.

Discourses and Essays. By the Rev. J. H. MERLE D'AUBIGNE, D. D., with an introduction by Dr. David. Harper & Brothers.

The great sale which attended the history of "the Great Reformation," by D'Aubigne, attest his high popularity, and the Messrs. Harpers have well responded to the wishes of the reading world, in producing this valuable collection of miscellanies by the same eloquent author.

The bill, as it passed both Houses, reads as follows:

An Act, providing for the prosecution of the existing war between the United States and the Republic of Mexico." Whereas, by the Act of the Republic of Mexiico, a state of war exists between that gov ernment and the United States, Therefore Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Ameri ca in Congress assembled, That, for the purpose of enabling the government of the United States to prosecute said war to a speedy and successful termination, the President be, and he is hereby authorized to employ the militia, naval, and military forces of the United States, and to call for and accept the services of any number of volunteers, not exceeding fifty thousand, who may offer their services either as cavalry, artillery, or riflemen, to serve six or twelve months after they shall have arrived at the place of rendezvous, or to the end of the war, unless sooner discharged, according to the time for which they shall have been enlisted into service. That the sum of ten millions of dollars be and the same is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the treasury, or to come into the treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the purpose of carrying the provis ions of this act into effect.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the militia, when called into the service of the United States by virtue of this act, or any other act, may, if in the opinion of the President of the United States the public interest require it, be compelled to serve for a term not exceeding six months after their arrival at the place of rendezvous, in any one year, unless sooner discharged.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said volunteers shall furnish their own clothes, and, if cavalry, their own horses, and horse equipments, and, when mustered into service, shall be armed at the expense of the United States.

SEC. 4, And be it further enacted, That said volunteers, when called into actual service. and while remaining therein, shall be subject to the rules and articles of war, and shall be, in all respects, except as to clothing and pay, on the same footing with similar corps of the United States army; and, in lieu of clothing, every non-commissioned officer and private in any company who may thus offer himself, shall be entitled, when called into actual service, to receive in money a sum equal to the cost of clothing of a non-commissioned officer or private (as the case may be) in the regular troops of the United States.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the said volunteers so offering their services, shall be accepted by the President in companies, battalions, squadrons, and regiments, whose officers shall be appointed in the manner prescribed by law in the several States and Territories to which such companies, battalions,

squadrons, and regiments shall respectively belong.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby authorized to organize companies so tendering their services into battalions or squadrons-battalions and squadrons into regiments-regiments into brigades, and brig ades into divisions, as soon as the number of volunteers shall render such organization, in his judgment, expedient; and the President shall, if necessary, apportion the staff, field, and general officers among the respective states and territories from which the volunteers shall tender their services, as he may deem proper.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That the volunteers who may be received into the service of the United States by virtue of the provisions of this act, and who may be wounded or otherwise disabled in service, shall be entitled to all the benefit which may be conferred on persons wounded in the service of the United States.

SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby authorized forthwith to complete all the public armed vessels now authorized by law, and to purchase or charter, arm, equip, and man such merchant vessels and steamboats, as, upon examination, may be found fit, or easily converted into armed vessels fit for the public service, and in such number as he may deem necessary for the protection of the seaboard, lake-coast, and the general defence of the country.

SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That, whenever the militia or volunteers are called and received into the service of the United States, under the provisions of this Act, they shall have the organization of the army of the United States, and shall have the same pay and allowances; and all mounted privates, non-commissioned officers, musicians and arti ficers, shall be allowed forty cents per day for the use and risk of their horses, except of horses actually killed in action; and it any mounted volunteer private, non-commissioned officer, musician or artificer, shall not keep himself provided with a serviceable horse, the said volunteer shall serve on foot.

The vote in the House of Representatives was as follows:

YEAS.-Messrs. Abbott, Stephen Adams, Anderson, Arnold, Atkinson, Baker, Barringer, Bayly, Bedinger, Bell, Benton, Biggs, James Black, Jas. A. Black, Blanchard, Bowlin, Boyd, Brinkerhoff, Brockenbrough, Brodhead, Milton Brown, William G. Brown, Buffington, Burt, William W. Campbell, John H. Campbell, Carroll, Cathcart, John G. Chapman, Augustus A. Chapman, Reuben Chapman, Chase, Chipman, Clarke, Cobb, Cocke, Collin, Cro

zier, Cullom, Cummins, Daniel, Dargan, Darragh, Garrett Davis, Jefferson Davis, De Mott, Dillingham, Dobbin, Dockery. Douglas, Dromgoole, Dunlap, Edsall, Ellsworth, Erdman, John H. Ewing, Edwin H. Ewing, Faran, Ficklin, Foot, Fries, Garvin, Gentry, Goodyear, Gordon, Graham, Grider,

Grover, Hamlin, Hampton, Haralson, Harmanson, Harper, Henley, Herrick, Hilliard, Hoge, Elias B. Holmes, Isaac E. Holmes, Hopkins, Hough, John W. Houston, Geo. S. Houston, Hungerford, Jas. B. Hunt, Hunter, Charles J. Ingersoll, Joseph R. Ingersoll, Joseph Johnson, Andrew Johnson, Geo. W. Jones, Kennedy, P. King, Thos. Butler King, Leib, La Sere, Lewis, Levin. Ligon, Lumpkin, Maclay, McClean, McClelland, McClernand, McConnell, Joseph J. McDowell, James McDowell, McGaughey, McHenry,McKay, Marsh, J.P.Martin, Barclay Martin, Miller, Morris, Moseley, Morse, Moulton, Niven, Norris, Owen, Parish, Payne, Pendleton, Perrill, Pettit, Phelps, Pollock, Price, Ramsey, Rathbun, Reid, Relfe, Rhett, Ritter, Roberts, J. A. Rockwell, Sawtelle, Sawyer, Scammon, Schenck, Seddon, Alexander D. Sims, Leonard H. Sims, Simpson, Truman Smith, Albert Smith, Thomas Smith, Robert Smith, Stanton, Starkweather, Stewart, St. John, Strong, Thibodeaux, Thomasson. Jacob Thompson, Thurman, Tibbatts, Toombs, Towns, Tredway, Trumbo, Vinton, Wentworth, Wheaton. Wick, Winthrop, Woodruff, Woodward, Yancey, Yell, and Young.173.

NAYS.-Messrs. John Quincy Adams, Asbmun, Cranston, Culver, Delano, Giddings, Grinnell, Hudson, D. P. King, Root, Severance, Strohm, Tilden, and Vance-14.

In the Senate the vote stood as follows:

YEAS.-Messrs. Allen, Archer. Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bagby, Barrow, Benton, Breese, Bright, Cameron, Cass, John M. Clayton, Colquitt, Corwin, Crittenden, Dayton, Dickinson, Houston, Jarnagin, Jenness, Johnson of Maryland, Johnson of Louisiana, Lewis, McDuffie, Mangum, Morehead, Niles, Pennybacker, Rusk, Semple, Sevier, Simmons, Speight, Sturgeon, Turney, Upham, Westcott, Woodbridge and Yulee-40.

NAYS-Messrs. Thomas Clayton and Davis—2. Present-not voting.-John M. P. Berrien, Geo. Evans, John C. Calhoun.

Absent,-J. W. Chalmers, A. C. Greene, W. H. Haywood, John Fairfield. S. S. Phelps, Daniel Webster, Jabez W. Huntington, J. W. Miller, J. A. Pearce, Ed. A. Hannegan, John A. Dix.

In the course of the paper, communicated to the Democratic Review of March last, on the subject of the existing Anglo-Gallic intervention in the affairs of the Argentine Republics, some doubt is expressed by the writer, as to the exact nature of the informal relation of the British Government to the Convention of 1828, between the Argentine Confederation and the Empire of Brazil.

He has now ascertained the true state of the facts; and as the point is a fundamental one in the whole controversy, he desires that an explanation of it may appear in the Review, by way of supplement to the above mentioned paper.

The British Plenipotentiary, it is to be remembered, claims for his Government the right of intervening as the guarantor of that Convention; and he does not allege or pretend any other lawful ground of interposition.

Great Britain, it is apparent on the face of the Convention, was not one of the contracting parties to it: she was mediatrix merely and the only question is, whether, in virtue of any secret condition or reservation then made, she is now entitled to assume to enforce the execution of it, as against the Argentine Confederation.

The Convention was signed by the

Argentine and Brazilian Plenipotentiaries on the 27th of August, 1828, at Rio de Janeiro.

On the 19th of August, eight days before the signature of the Convention, and in the midst of the negotiations, the Argentine Plenipotentiaries, Generals Guido and Balcarce, addressed a note to Lord Ponsonby, who represented Great Britain in the business, inquiring whether he was authorised to guaranty, in his official capacity, the contemplated treaty of peace between the Confederation and Brazil.

To which Lord Ponsonby replied, under date of the 20th, that he was not authorised by his Government to enter into any engagement for the guaranty of any preliminary convention or definitive treaty of peace whatever, as he had previously made known to General Balcarce at Buenos Ayres.

This positive and express refusal of the British Government, cotemporaneously with the signature of the Convention, to undertake any obligations of guaranty in the matter of it, contradicts, of course, absolutely and conclusively, the only claim of right, by which the late belligerent proceedings of Eugland, on the Rio de la Plata, are sought to be justified by the British Plenipotentiary.

C. C.