Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB

false, if the error do not exceed the fortieth part of the real tonnage of the vessel, or if the declaration be conformable to the certificate of measurement.

Art. 291. If the vessel be laden by different shippers, whether by the quintal, ton, or in gross, the merchant may withdraw his goods before the departure of the vessel, on paying half the freight.

He shall bear the expenses of lading, as well as of unlading, and of relading other goods, which it may be necessary to displace, and also of demurrage.

Art. 292. The master may cause to be landed, in the place of lading his vessel, any goods found on board, which have not been reported to him; or he may take the freight at the highest price paid in that place for goods of the same kind.

Art. 293. The merchant who takes back his goods during the voyage, is bound to pay the whole freight, and all expenses occasioned by the unlading; if the goods be taken out on account of the misconduct of the master, the latter is answerable for all the expenses.

Art. 294. If the vessel be detained at her departure, or in the course of her voyage, or at the place of her discharge, by the act of the merchant, he shall bear all the expenses of the delay.

If the ship, being chartered out and home, come back without a lading, or with an incomplete lading, the whole freight is due to the master, and also compensation for any delay.

Art. 295. The merchant has a right to damages from the mas ter, if, by his act, the vessel has been arrested or detained at her departure, during the voyage, or at the port of discharge.

These damages are determined by referees.

Art. 296. If the master be obliged to have the vessel repaired, during the voyage, the merchant is bound to wait, or to pay the whole freight.

In case the vessel cannot be repaired, the master is bound to hire another.

Si le capitaine n'a pu louer un autre navire, le fret n'est dû qu'à proportion de ce que le voyage est avancé.

Art. 297. Le capitaine perd son fret, et répond des dommagesintérêts de l'affréteur, si celui-ci prouve que, lorsque le navire a fait voile, il était hors d'état de naviguer.

La preuve est admissible nonobstant et contre les certificats de visite au départ.

Art. 298. Le fret est dû pour les marchandises que le capitaine a été contraint de vendre pour subvenir aux victuailles, radoub, et autres nécessités pressantes du navire, en tenant par lui compte de leur valeur au prix que le reste, ou autre pareille marchandise de même qualité, sera vendu au lieu de la décharge, si le navire arrive à bon port.

Si le navire se perd, le capitaine tiendra compte des marchandises sur le pied qu'il les aura vendues, en retenant également le fret porté aux connaissements.

Art. 299, S'il arrive interdiction de commerce avec le pays pour lequel le navire est en route, et qu'il soit obligé de revenir avec son chargement, il n'est dû au capitaine que le fret de l'aller, quoique le vaisseau ait été affrété pour l'aller et le retour.

Art. 300. Si le vaisseau est arrêté dans le cours de son voyage par l'ordre d'une puissance,

Il n'est dû aucun fret pour le temps de sa détention, si le navire est affrété au mois; ni augmentation de fret, s'il est loué au voyage.

La nourriture et les loyers de l'équipage pendant la détention du navire, sont réputés avaries.

Art. 301. Le capitaine est payé du fret des marchandises jetées à la mer pour le salut commun, à la charge de contribution.

Art. 302. Il n'est dû aucun fret pour les marchandises perdues par naufrage ou échouement, pillées par des pirates, ou prises par les ennemis.

Le capitaine est tenu de restituer le fret qui lui aura été avancé, s'il n'y a convention contraire.

If the master cannot hire another vessel, the freight is due only in proportion to the voyage performed.

Art. 297. The master loses his freight, and is answerable in damages to the merchant, if the latter prove that when the vessel sailed she was not seaworthy.

This proof is admissible though in contradiction to the certificate of survey, at her departure.

Art. 298. Freight is due for goods which the master has been obliged to sell to furnish provisions, repairs, and other necessaries for the vessel, he being accountable for the value of the goods thus sold, at the price of the rest, or of similar goods of the same quality at the place of discharge, if the ship arrive safe.

If the vessel be lost, the master shall account for the goods at the rate at which he sold them, retaining likewise the freight according to the bill of lading.

Art. 299. If an interdiction of commerce take place with the country to which the ship is bound, and she be obliged to return with her lading, the master shall be entitled only to the freight for the outward voyage, though the vessel be freighted out and home.

Art. 300. If the vessel be arrested in the course of her Voyage by order of a sovereign power,

No freight is due for the time of her detention, if the vessel be chartered by the month; nor increase of freight, if chartered for the voyage.

The wages and maintenance of the crew, during the detention, are reputed an average loss.

Art. 301. The master is to be paid the freight of goods thrown overboard for the common safety, at the charge of a general contribution.

Art. 302. No freight is due for goods lost by shipwreck or stranding, pillage of pirates, or capture of enemies.

The master is bound to refund the freight if paid in advance, unless there be a contrary agreement.

Art. 303. Si le navire et les marchandises sont rachetés, ou si les marchandises sont sauvées du naufrage, le capitaine est payé du fret jusqu'au lieu de la prise ou du naufrage.

Il est payé du fret entier en contribuant au rachat, s'il conduit les marchandises au lieu de leur destination.

Art. 304. La contribution pour le rachat se fait sur le prix courant des marchandises au lieu de leur décharge, déduction faite des frais, et sur la moitié du navire et du fret.

Les loyers des matelots n'entrent point en contribution.

Art. 305. Si le consignataire refuse de recevoir les marchandises, le capitaine peut, par autorité de justice, en faire vendre pour le paiement de son fret, et faire ordonner le dépôt du surplus.

S'il y a insuffisance, il conserve son recours contre le chargeur.

Art. 306. Le capitaine ne peut retenir les marchandises dans son navire faute de paiement de son fret.

Il peut, dans le temps de la décharge, demander le dépôt en mains tierces jusqu'au paiement de son fret.

Art. 307. Le capitaine est préféré, pour son fret, sur les marchandises de son chargement, pendant quinzaine après leur déliv rance, si elles n'ont passé en mains tierces.

Art. 308. En cas de faillite des chargeurs ou réclamateurs avant l'expiration de la quinzaine, le capitaine est privilégié sur tous les créanciers pour le paiement de son fret et des avaries qui lui sont dues.

Art. 309. En aucun cas le chargeur ne peut demander de di minution sur le prix du fret.

Art. 310. Le chargeur ne peut abandonner pour le fret les marchandises diminuées de prix ou détériorées par leur vice propre ou par cas fortuit.

Si toutefois des futailles contenant vin, huile, miel, et autres liquides, ont tellement coulé qu'elles soient vides ou presque vides, lesdites futailles pourront être abandonnées pour le fret.

Art. 303. If the vessel and the cargo be ransomed, or if the cargo be saved from shipwreck, the master shall be paid the freight as far as the place of capture or shipwreck.

He shall be paid his full freight, he contributing to the ransom, if he carry the goods to their place of destination.

Art. 304. The contribution for the ransom is to be made on the value of the goods at the market price, in the place of their delivery, deducting the costs and expenses; and on one half the value of the ship and the freight.

The wages of the seamen are not subject to contribution.

Art. 305. If the consignee refuse to receive the goods, the master may, by judicial authority, cause part of them to be sold for the payment of his freight, and the remainder to be deposited,

If they be inadequate to the payment of the freight, he preserves his remedy against the merchant who shipped them.

Art. 306. The master cannot retain the goods in his vessel, in default of payment of his freight.

He may, whilst the vessel is unlading, require the goods to be. deposited in the hands of a third person, until the payment of his freight.

Art. 307. The master has a lien, and prior right for freight on the goods which were laden on board his vessel, for the space of fifteen days after their delivery, if they have not passed into the hands of third persons.(38)

Art. 308. In case of failure of the shippers or claimants, before the expiration of the fifteen days, the master is privileged over all the other creditors, for the payment of his freight and the averages due to him.

Art. 309. In no case can the merchant demand a diminution in the price of the freight.

Art. 310. The merchant cannot abandon for the freight, goods which are diminished in value, or damaged from internal defect, or by accident.

If, however, casks containing wine, oil, honey, and other liquids, have leaked out so much that they are empty, or nearly empty, such casks may be abandoned for the freight.

« AnteriorContinuar »