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tions were raised as to the fishing rights of the United States in the coastal waters of Newfoundland. The colonial government adopted fishery regulations as to the methods and times of taking fish, together with other restrictions, claiming that they applied to Americans as well as to their own people. These the Americans considered burdensome and as discriminating against them in favor of the local fishermen. The government also adopted certain customs regulations and applied them to American fishing vessels, which, it was alleged, interfered materially with the exercise of their fishing rights. Canada had also claimed that fishing vessels of the United States resorting to the bays and harbors of the Dominion for shelter and repairs should enter and clear at custom houses.

The subject was in this unsatisfactory state, the situation becoming more and more acute, when Secretary Root took up the negotiation, which finally resulted in the special agreement of January 27, 1909, by which the questions in controversy are to be decided by a tribunal of five arbitrators selected from the panel of The Hague Permanent Court, one arbitrator being from each of the disputant countries, and three from foreign states.

The settlement of this controversy, which has so long vexed the statesmen of the United States and Great Britain, will be a matter for congratulation to both countries, as it will determine definitely and for all time their respective rights in the coast fisheries of the North Atlantic. The negotiation of the treaty of April 4, 1908 and the special agreement of last January adds another triumph to the list which bears witness to the successful diplomacy which has characterized the secretaryship of the Honorable Elihu Root.

THE INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

The editors beg to call attention to the statement in the last issue, page 188, regarding the newly elected associate members of the Institute. of International Law. In place of Professor Triepel of Tübingen should be the name of Christian Meurer, professor of public law at the University of Würzburg, whose authoritative work on the First Hague Conference appeared in two volumes in 1907. The official report of the meeting, which has just been received, also announces that M. Léon Bourgeois, the prominent first member of the French delegation at the Second Hague Conference, was elected to honorary membership during the same session of the Institute.

CHRONICLE OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

WITH REFERENCES

Abbreviations: Ann. sc. pol., Annales des sciences politiques, Paris; Arch. dipl., Archives diplomatiques, Paris; B., boletín, bulletin, bollettino; B. A. R., Monthly bulletin of the International Bureau of American Republics, Washington; Doc. dipl., France: Documents diplomatiques; Dr., droit, diritto, derecho; For. rel., Foreign Relations of the United States; Ga., gazette, gaceta, gazzetta; Cd., Great Britain: Parliamentary Papers; Int., international, internacional, internazionale; J., journal; J. O., Journal Officiel, Paris; Mém. dipl., Mémorial diplomatique, Paris; Monit., Moniteur belge, Brussels; N. R. G., Nouveau recueil général de traités, Leipzig; Q. dipl., Questions diplomatiques et coloniales; R., review, revista, revue, rivista; Reichs-G., Reichs-Gesetzblatt, Berlin; Staatsb., Staatsblad, Gröningen; State Papers, British and Foreign State Papers, London; Stat. at L., United States Statutes at Large; Times, the Times (London); Treaty ser, Great Britain: Treaty Series.

November, 1908.

16 BELGIUM-NICARAGUA.

26

Ratifications exchanged at Guatemala of convention relative to exchange of parcels post signed at Managua, January 17, 1908. Ga. oficial, January 19, 1909. BRAZIL. Decree No. 2004 regulating the naturalization of aliens. Art. 1. The presentation of documents signed by diplomatic or consular agents required by Article 3 of the Decree No. 1805 of the 12th December 1907, Article 4, single paragraph No. 5, and Article 5, section 3, of the decree No. 2948 May 14, 1908 (text, B. A. R., August, 1908), shall be dispensed with for purposes of naturalization. Cd. 4465. On expulsion of foreigners

from Brazil see this J., vol. I, documents, p. 410; J. du dr. int. privé, 34:1217, 1166.

30 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC-CHILE. Ratifications exchanged at Buenos Aires of convention signed at Buenos Aires, September 7, 1904. Free customs entry of works of art for the annual exhibitions of the Santiago and Buenos Aires salons of fine arts, and similar conditions of admission thereto. B. oficial, Buenos Aires, December 24, 1908.

December, 1908.

1 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC-PANAMA. Direct money order exchange organized on basis of Rome arrangement. L'Union postale, 33:176.

1 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC-PARAGUAY.

Live stock convention takes

effect. Signed at Buenos Aires May 30, 1908. B. oficial (Buenos Aires), December 1.

1 GREAT BRITAIN-NETHERLANDS. Agreement signed at The Hague respecting the exchange of insured letters and boxes. Treaty ser., 1908, No. 37. In modification of the stipulations of articles 4 and 5 of the agreement signed at Rome, May 26, 1906, the sea rate applicable to the transmission between Queensborough and Flushing of insured boxes exchanged between the Netherlands and the countries to which the Netherlands serve as an intermediary on the one part, and Great Britain and the countries to which Great Britain serves as intermediary on the other part, is fixed at 25 centimes for each article. No insurance fee is collected for the transmission of insured letters and boxes between Queensborough and Flushing. Staatsb., 1909, No. 18.

1 SWEDEN. Adhesion to international convention signed at Berne, October 14, 1890 (State Papers, 82:771, 796; N. R. G., 2:19: 289), takes effect. Freight transportation by rail. B. usuel, November 1; Monit., December 1. See November 2, 1907 and September 22, 1908.

3 CHINA. Decree referring to decree of August 27, 1908, respecting a constitution, and expressing intention to carry it out. North China Herald, December 5; The situation in China, id., 89:629. See August 27, 1908.

4 INTERNATIONAL NAVAL CONFERENCE assembled at London. Object: To assure success of the prize court convention signed at The Hague October, 1907. Times, December 4, 5.

5 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC-BRAZIL. Ratifications exchanged at Buenos Aires of treaty of general arbitration signed at Rio de Janeiro September 5, 1905. B. oficial, December 24, 1908.

5 GERMANY. Proclamation of accession of German protectorates to the international radiotelegraphic convention signed at Berlin November 3, 1906. Reichs-G., 1908, No. 59; The politics of radiotelegraphy, Edinburgh R., 207:465; R. di dr. int., 1:562; Documents de la conférence radiotélégraphique internationale de

December, 1908.

Berlin, 1906, Departement des postes, Berlin, 1906; Zuculin: I cavi sottomarini e il telegrafo senza fil nel diritto di guerra, Rome, 1907; Lorentz: Les cables sous-marins et la télégraphie sans fil dans les rapports internationaux, Nancy, 1906; Report from the select committee on radiotelegraphic convention with the proceedings of the committee, Sessional paper 246, London, 1907; Arch. dipl. 104:3; La nouvelle R., 3:307. See November 3, 1906, November 8, 1907, and July 1, 1908.

5 PERU-UNITED STATES. Treaty of arbitration signed at Washington. Ratification advised by the Senate, December 10. Ratified by the President March 1, 1909.

6 COLOMBIA-FRANCE. Treaty of general arbitration signed at Bogota.

7 GREAT BRITAIN JAPAN. Money order convention signed at Tokyo; signed at London November 4, 1908. Takes effect January 1,

1909.

7 NICARAGUA-UNITED STATES. Naturalization convention signed at Managua. Ratification advised by Senate January 21, 1909; ratified by the President March 1, 1909.

7

PERMAMENT COMMISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SUGAR CON-
VENTION met at Brussels. Times, December 8.

10 BRAZIL UNITED STATES. Ratification advised by Senate to naturalization convention signed at Rio de Janeiro April 27, 1908. Ratified by the President December 26, 1908.

10 NOBEL PEACE PRIZE awarded by Norwegian Storthing to K. P. Arnoldson, founder of the Swedish Peace Society, and Frederik Bajer, of Denmark. Times, December 11; this J., 3:179.

11 INDIA. Indian criminal law amendment act passed by Governor General's Legislative Council. Acts of the Legislative Council become law at once but are subject to disallowance by the Crown on the advice of the Secretary of State. Cd., 3912, 4426.

12 COLOMBIA—JAPAN. Promulgation in Japan of treaty of amity commerce and navigation signed at Washington May 25, 1908. Ratified by Colombia August 18, 1908. B. del min. de rel. ext., 2:20, 5.

12 NETHERLANDS-VENEZUELA. The Dutch warship Gelderland captured Venezuelan coast-guard ship Alix near Puerto Cabello and towed her to Willemstad. See September 3 and December 31,

December, 1908.

1908. Reprisals. See letter of J. Westlake, Times, December 24, 1908, on the need of making the doctrine of reprisals precise. 13 MONTENEGRO. Decree that from December 14 goods imported from countries with which Montenegro has no commercial treaty shall be taxed at the maximum tariff. Times, December 14. NETHERLANDS SWEDEN. Ratifications exchanged at The Hague of treaty signed at Stockholm February 26. 1908. Dutch law approving, December 7, 1908; proclamation, January 19, 1909. Staatsb., 1908, No. 372; id. 1909, No. 13. To regulate salvage of shipwrecked vessels. The necessary measures are to be taken by the consular officers of the country to which the vessel belongs.

15

Art. 2. The High Contracting Parties engage to submit to the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague the differences which may arise between them on the subject of the application or the interpretation of the present Convention, and which cannot be settled through the diplo matic channel.

In each particular case the respective Governments shall sign a special compromis, determining precisely the question at issue, the extent of the powers of the arbiter or of the arbitral court, the mode of designation thereof, the language which the arbiter or the arbitral tribunal shall use and those which may be used before it, the amount that each of the High Contracting Parties shall advance for expenses, as well as the rules to be observed as to the formalities and adjournments.

16 HOLY SEE SPAIN. Exchange of notes at Madrid, in reference to Article 2 of the protocol signed July 12, 1904, and ratified July 13, 1908. Personnel of the mixed commission. Ga. de Madrid. December 25.

16 NETHERLANDS-PORTUGAL. Netherlands proclamation of treaty signed at The Hague October 1, 1904, fixing boundary of their possession in Timor, an island of the Malay archipelago. Netherlands law approving, December 30, 1905; exchange of ratifications at The Hague October 29, 1908. Staatsb., 1905, No. 382; id. 1908, No. 414. The new boundary is based upon the report of the mixed commission instituted in virtue of Article II of the convention signed at Lisbon June 10, 1893. State Papers, 85: 394; N. R. G., 2:22:463. Timor was divided between Portugal and Netherlands by treaty signed at Lisbon April 20, 1859. Lagemans, 5:66; Nova collecção de tratados..... Lisboa, 1890, 1:225; State Papers, 50:116.

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