HISTORY

175-96

OF

MARYLAND

From the Earliest Period to the Present Day.

J. THOMAS SCHARF,

Author of the "Chronicles of Baltimore," &c.-Member of the Maryland Historical Society and Academy
of Sciences.-Member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.-Honorary Member of the
Georgia Historical Society.-Corresponding Member of the Historical Societies

of New York, Wisconsin, Minnesota, South Carolina and Virginia;

of the Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio; of the

New England Historic-Genealogical Society, &c., &c.

IN THREE VOLUMES.

VOL. III.

BALTIMORE:

PUBLISHED BY JOHN B. PIET,

Copyrighted by J. THOMAS SCHARF, 1879.

Press of JOHN B. PIET, Baltimore.

F

181

531

1.3

CONTENTS

VOL. III.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARYLAND.-1812 TO 1880.

CHAPTER XXXIV.

THE WAR OF 1812.

Declaration of War-A Peace Party-The Germ of Disunion-Pre-

parations for War-Alexander Contee Hanson-The Federal

Republican Newspaper Office Mobbed-1 Terrible Riot-The

Jail Broken Open and General Lingan Killed-Hanson's and

Thompson's Narrative of the Massacre-The Effect on the Elec-

tions-Capture of Detroit-General Nathan Towson-Elliott's

Brilliant Capture of the Brigs Caledonia and Detroit-Battle of

Queenstown-A Discreditable Campaign in Canada-Baltimore

Privateers-Fast Sailing Clipper Ships--Gallant Naval Exploits

and Valuable Captures-Maryland Preparing for Defence-Bal-

timore Abandoned by her Sister Cities-Patriotic Subscriptions

of her Merchants-The British Plunder the Islands of the Chesa-

peake-Bombardment of Havre-de-Grace-British burn Fred-

ericktown and Georgetown, Kent County-Maryland neglected

by the Government-Desperate Defence of the Revenue Cutter

Surveyor-British take Possession of Kent Island and Plunder

the Eastern Shore-Battle of St. Michaels-Capture of Fort

George-The Surprise at Stony Creek-A Dangerous Precedent

CHAPTER XXXV.

THE BATTLE OF BLADENSBURG.

British Depredations in the Chesapeake-Barney's Flotilla-The
British drive it up St. Leonard's Creek-Devastation in Calvert
County-The British take Possession of Benedict-General
William H. Winder-The Condition of the American Army in

PAGES.

1-59

the State-Cockburn's Outrages on the Shores of the Potomac and

Patuxent-General Robert Ross arrives with British Reinforce-

ments-The British Army moves up the Patuxent-Destruc-

tion of Barney's Flotilla-Moving on Washington-Enters

Upper Marlborough-The Defences of Washington-The Battle

of Bladensburg-Disposition of the American Army-A Victo-

rious Enemy-The Duels fought at Bladensburg--Retreat of

the American Army-Destruction of Washinton-A Terrible

Hurricane--British Retreat from Washington-Commodore

Rodgers' Defence of the Potomac-Surrender of Alexandria,

Virginia-Battle of Caulk's Field--Death of Sir Peter Parker-

Indignation at the capture of Washington-General Winder

Court Martialed-Battle of Chippewa-Battle of Niagara-

Towson's Yankee Light House-Major James Hindman

CHAPTER XXXVI.

THE DEFENCE OF BALTIMORE.

Dispirited Militia-Baltimore a doomed town-Fortifications of

the City-The British land at North Point-The British advance

on the City-The Citizens prepare for Defence-The Troops in

the Forts and Trenches-Pennsylvania Volunteers-General

Samuel Smith in Command of Forces-General Stricker sent to

Reconnoiter the Enemy-Forms Line of Battle-Battle of North

Point-Death of General Ross-Colonel Brook assumes Com-

mand and the British advance on Baltimore-General Stricker

retires within the defences of the City-Bombardment of Fort

McHenry-Francis Scott Key and the Star Spangled Banner-

British Barges pass Fort McHenry-They are driven off-The

British finally retire from before the City-Great demonstra-

tions of joy throughout the Country-Battle Monument-The

British Pillaging Farm Houses and Churches in St. Mary's

County Capture of Vessels in the Chesapeake-Political

Changes in the State-The Course of the New England States

in the War The Patriotic action of Maryland-The Spirit of

Liberty and Love-The Losses of the British by Baltimore Pri-

vateers-Christopher Hughes-Successful Termination of the

War

-

CHAPTER XXXVII.

STATE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.

The Results of the War-The Maryland Federalists-Disputes
about Political Representation-The Minority Governing the
Majority-The Administration of Monroe-History of Masonic
Order in Maryland-History of Odd Fellowship-Yellow Fever

PAGES.

60-98

99-137