"The Great Spirit, from the depths of his own eternity, and to magnify his own glory and the riches of his mercy in Jesus Christ, did of his free and sovereign grace, and without reference to merit, seen or foreseen, to good or evil works, done, or to be done, and without any regard to difference of character, elect from all eternity a few-a very few-I know not how many. God, who chose them from everlasting, only knoweth. They were elected to everlasting life; and the rest, being reprobate, and passed over, must and will inevitably perish. The elect were chosen by infinite mercy, 'before the morning stars sang together, or the sons of God shouted for joy.' In the fulness of time they were to be sprinkled from the native corruption of their hearts, by the blood of the Son of God, the second person in the adorable Trinity. They were to be renewed and sanctified by the Holy Ghost, the third glorious person of the Godhead. Bought by the blood of the Son of God, elected by the Eternal Father, and their salvation sworn by the oath of Him, who cannot lie, not one of them can be lost. Not one of them can ever stray from the heavenly mansions. The rest, the countless millions of the reprobate, are passed by, and sealed up, as vessels of wrath, and reserved for the eternal malediction of the triune Jehovah! The spotless throne of the Eternal is guiltless of their blood, and their destruction, and will be equally glorified with their execrations, as heard from the depths of the bottomless pit, as with the hosannahs and hallelujahs of the choral anthems of the blood-purchased elect, who shall praise Him in the heaven of heavens.' Here was a long and full drawn ugh!

He paused a moment, and resumed. The last and most solemn head of my discourse is, there is but one way, truth and life, but one baptism by immersion, one fold and one shepherd. All, that belong to this fold and shepherd, and have received this baptism, are saved. The rest perish everlastingly. Of the countless millions, who have never heard the gospel-all-all will perish everlastingly. This brings me to my grand point. It is to declare the great truths, my dear red brethren, for whom Christ died, that I have put my life in my hand, and come among you. It is for this, that prophets, and apostles, and evangelists, have gone into heathen lands, and have braved every form of torture and death. It is for this, that my soul is in trouble, that rivers of tears run down my eyes, that I besiege the throne of God day and night, that he would give me the souls at least of some of you, my dear red brethren, in answer to my prayers and cries, as my crowns of rejoicing in the day of the Lord Jesus; that he would give me your souls, my white brethren according to the flesh, that you may hear, believe and be saved, and shine with me, as stars in the diadem of the Redeemer. The case would not be so terrible, so worthy of labor, pity and tears, if it were not, that every one, who doth not receive this gospel, in

its full import, truth and simplicity, into a new and converted heart, will be everlastingly scorched in the flames of the bottomless pit, under the inexorable doom of a just and benevolent God. By what motives, ye children of wrath, ye dead in trespasses and sins, shall I warn, and adjure you, to arise, and call upon Christ to give you light and life!"

Here the preacher commenced a simple, fervid and affectionate adjuration. It was earnest and solemn, and in some points even thrilling and of the most touching pathos. He continued to kindle his own feelings with the subject, until, stern and little addicted to the melting mood as he was, his voice quivered with emotion, and his eyes streamed with tears. This part of his address went home even to the hearts of the Shoshonee, and many a hard featured warrior, who had brandished the hatchet, or drawn the yager with an unblenching eye and an unfaltering hand, was seen to drop tears in silent sympathy with the preacher.

Such was the scope of a sermon, not without sense and eloquence, but without judgment and discrimination, which produced little impression upon most of the white people, which operated in the naturally acute and discerning intellects of the Indians positive dislike, and unbelief, and which confounded the docile, but enquiring spirit of Jessy. Having finished, as was his custom, he called upon any of the hearers, if they had any thing on their minds relating to religion, to declare it; and if they had any thing to object, he would be willing to hear them state their objections, that at the next meeting he might be ready to obviate them.

Tutsaugee, or The Changing Wind, was the chief reasoner among this people; and to him was generally assigned the part of reasoning, and commenting upon points, which, it was expected, the Indians would answer. He had acquired great readiness and acuteness at this kind of exercise, and was the professed debater and disputant of the Shoshonee. When Elder Wood gave out the challenge, a number of the chiefs, disposed, as it appeared, to have the amusement of a little wind in the form of religious disputation, looked round to Tutsaugee, and gave the usual ugh! in token, that it was expected, he would reply to the positions of Elder Wood. Tutsaugee arose, showing a calm and plausible countenance, and an admirable sly natural physiognomy for a lawyer. He reached forth his brawny right arm from the folds of his buffalo robe, and began raising himself to his utmost height, and speaking gracefully, and with vehement gesticulation. Our white father will forgive the ignorant words of his untaught red brethren. We are sensible, that we know nothing, and that the pale faces know all deep things. Still it seems to us, that all the talk of our white medicine father, this evening, is not good talk. It is a strange and strong talk, and our red men are too ignorant, to understand it. Hearken, white

father, and explain. You say, that the little babes of the white and red people are born under the wrath and curse of the Master of Life. Your Wahcondah, then, must be quite different from ours. Our Master of Life is too good to send little, innocent babes, who have no strength, nor understanding to do wrong, into life, to make them bad, and then bestow his curse upon them for being so. Hearken, father, and explain. You say, that the Master of Life chose, before the sun and moon rolled in the firmament, a few to go to the good place; and chose them, not because they were good, or would be good; and passed by the rest, not because they were bad, or would be bad; but merely for his will and pleas. ure; that the chosen will surely go to the good place; and the rep. robate forever burn in the brimstone lake. This seems to us not a good talk, father. The worst red men in our nation would not act so cruelly, and our Wakondah is far better, than the best of our men. We have even seen no pale faces so bad, as that. The Wakondah of red men chooses, and sends to the shadowy land of souls brave and free spirits, because they are brave, true and good. We do not feel, as if we could love, and trust the Wakondah of the pale face, if he conducts in a way, that seems to us so partial and cruel, merely to show his power. We may fear his power; but if he so shows it, we cannot love him. Hearken, father, and explain. You say, that your Master of Life hears the groans of the damned, making as pleasant sounds in his ears, as the hosannahs and praises of the blessed. Ah! father, is it because the pale faces worship such a being, that we have heard, that they are all so hard-hearted, cruel, and unjust? Hearken, father, and explain. You say, that the brown faces and the red skins, and the black people, and all the strange people in the far countries, and the islands of the great salt lake, who have not heard of the Wakondah of the pale face, will be damned, and burned forever in the brimstone lake. Ah! because they never heard of him? Father, will the Great Spirit of the white men punish the ignorant red men, because they never heard a talk, that no body was able to tell them. The red men are ignorant. The Master of Life placed them where they must be ignorant, and ought to pity them for their want of knowledge. But do you say, father, that he first makes them ignorant, and then damns them for being so? Father, that seems to us a bad talk. We fear, that you do not say right words of the Wahcondah. We think you slander him, and that he will be angry with you. Put your ears to your medicine book again, and be sure that it speaks just such words as you declare. Father, explain. We are ignorant; but we believe, that the Master of Life has always had kind thoughts in his heart, and kind deeds in his hands. You ask, since we so think of the words, which you find in the book of the Wahcondah, why we so respectfully hearken to our white father, and love him, as a

wise man, and give heed to him, as a medicine man? Father, we hear you speak strange words of the Wahcondah, which we neither understand nor believe. But we see you doing good deeds. We think, you must be a very good medicine man, if you worship a strange and cruel Wahcondah, and yet always do good. We love our white father, because he does not act like the other white men. We know, that words are wind. Deeds stand fast like the mountains. Father, next time you declare to us a medicine talk, we hope you will explain. I have done.'

Most who heard, were convinced, that missionaries, who preach the mild and sublime truths of the gospel, to simple and ignorant people, ought to dwell chiefly on the clear and innate truth of that divine system, and not strive to perplex these children of nature with abstract, not to say revolting doctrines. Some took the preacher at his literal word, and others cared for none of these things.

THOUGHTS ON THE MIGRATIONS OF FISHES.

Might not certain kinds be naturalized in the Ohio, and other Western waters?

'Он, that I had the wings of a dove,' ejaculated the Psalmist, 'that I might fly away, and be at rest.' Dedalus allowed not his eager desires to share the privilege of the tenants of the air, to rest in barren aspirations. He tried the experiment; and his waxen pinions melting in the sun beams, and letting him down from his ærial and unpractised heights, have rendered him immortal in song. The British bard evinces the same passion.

'Who has seen them brightly shining,
Nor turn'd to earth, without repining,
Nor wish'd for wings to soar away,
And mix with their eternal ray?'

Poets, and imaginative men, and restless men, and conquerors, and moon gazers, and lovers in all ages, have wished for wings. The numberless achievements, the dangerous and daring efforts of aeronauts, all go to prove the restless desire of men to fly. An upward course is the natural aspiration of the human heart. There is, probably, not an individual capable of thought, who has looked upward, and seen the infinite ease, with which the various classes of birds cut the ærial element, and exult, as they mount towards the stars, who has not felt the wish, that the priv ilege had been allowed to man. Even the bard and mathematical cranium of political economists and engineers has labored, in the soft and sentient matter under it, imaginative freaks, which have resulted in rail roads, and steam, and moving vehicles, which emulate the swiftness of birds. Every one is trying some experiment, either physical or of wishes, to fly away from self, and the stale, flat and unprofitable reality of things, as they exist on this our nether sphere.

Vol. III.--No. 12.

Recommend us meanwhile to the philosophic boy, who, when asked, what he would do, if he were a king, replied, that he would live upon tharkik (molasses boiled with milk) and swing upon a gate. For us, we are not sure, that we do not envy the condition of fishes, quite as much, as of birds. On the oriential doctrine of transmigration, we are not satisfied, that to dart through the coral forests of the sea green element-to descend one of our long rivers, from its mountain source to the sea; or ascend from the sea to the far lakes of the north, would not be as pleasant a tour, as to soar with the lark, or look at the sun with the eagle. These animals, beside, have more resources and stronger security against the greedy and life-devouring appetites of man. They are in a measure exempted, too, it should seem, from one of the most annoying inconveniences, which flesh, whether animal or intellectual, is heir to, in every clime -change of temperature. Their blood being of the temperature of water, they neither sweat from the sun's perpendicular height, nor have fevers and chills from the unsettled weather of spring or autumn, or suffer from the blasts and frosts of winter. There is still abundant evidence, notwithstanding the temperature of their blood corresponds with that of the water, that they suffer from the intemperate heats of summer, when exposed to the fierce influence in unshaded and shallow waters. This circumstance accounts for the innumerable shoals, that crowd, during the heats of summer, into the streams of Louisiana and Florida, that have courses in the pine woods. Those streams wind in deep valleys, over white and clean sands, are fed by cool and fresh springs, and are so narrow, as to be nearly embowered by the vine covered trees, that bend over them. The fish, oppressed with the radiance of a burning sun on the bosom of broad streams, or shallow lakes, flock by millions to their summer watering resorts, to taste the coolness of springs trickling from the hills, and to luxuriate in the deep eddies under the thick foliage of the muscadine. It is impossible to see them sporting over the sands, or fanning themselves, as it were, in the voluptuous repose of a position, where lines of sunbeams flicker upon them through the foliage, and not instantly conceive the idea, that their enjoyment is high and exquisite. We know of no image in visible nature of so delightful a mode of existence, as that of the fishes, as we see them pursuing their sports in their own transparent element. We have no doubt, that the common impression of their little sensibility to pleasure, or suffering, is an utterly erroneous one. We see no sentient beings evidencing keener anguish than fishes, when thrown upon the shore, or when torn with the hook or the spear. No animal dies with so much visible and apparent agony as a fish.

Among all the tribes of animated nature, none more wonderfully exhibit the infinite contrivance of the Creator. Who could ever survey the astonishing adaptation of these animals to the water, and for a moment doubt the existence of a wise and designing cause? We can conceive no addition to their structure, which would not be a hindrance and an annoyance. We can take nothing from their formation, without disqualifying them for their proper movements and enjoyments. What an astonishing contrivance is that sack of air, obviously distended, or contracted at the voluntary action of their own will?-thus enabling them to mount or sink, on the simple principles of specific gravity, without an effort. And