Legationary, 209, 210.
Maria Luz, case of the, 121, 122.
Political refugees, 119.

Public armed vessels, 82, 422, 432.
Shipwrecked sailors, 120.
Troops, 422, 430.
Vessels in distress, 120.

War right, 422, 423, 432.

Attachés, see Ministers.
Duties, 210, 211.
Military, 210, 211.
Naval, 210, 211.

Attack of places, 301-303, 539.
Duty of commanders, 302, 303.
Notice of bombardment, 301, 302,
565, 566.

Surrender, 303, 304.
Aubaine, droit d', 152.
Augmentation of force (see Neu-
trality), 407, 408.

Authors (see Text-writers), 21-28.

BALANCE of power, see Interference.
Definition of, 104.

De Martens' statement of prin-
ciple, 106, 107.

Extent of application, 106, 108.
History, 104-106.

Intervention in behalf of, 104-
108.

Limitations on, 106-108.
Origin of principle, 104, 105.
Senior's statement of principle,
107, 108.

Vattel's statement of principle, 107.
Balloons, 299, 588.

Employés not spies, 299.

Use of, in war, 299.

Baltimore, case of the, 80-82.

Bar-shot prohibited in war, 299.
Belligerency, 275-279.

Recognition of, 276-278.

Belligerent right of search, 478–497.
Belligerents (see War), 275, 276.
Intercourse of, in war, 336-339.
Neutrals, 276.

Recognition, 276-279.

Blockade, 269-270, 472-482.

The Hague, 520.

Breach of, 472-474.

Constructive, 470, 471.

De facto, 474-477.

Definition, 472.

Duration of penalty, 478.

Egress, breach of, by, 478.

ers of war, 549.

CABLES, submarine, regulation of,

by treaty, 64, 558.

Booty, 310, 311.

Title to, 310, 311.

Captures at sea, 357-375.

Authority for, 358-361.

By whom made, 360.

Anniversaries, national, 133.
Consuls, 129-134.

Diplomatic officers, 129-134.
Maritime, 128-131.

Military, 124-134.

Origin and extent of practice, 124-
126.

Salutes, 129, 130, 132–134.

Visits, 130-134.

Certificates of origin (see Passports),

163, 164.

Chargés d'Affaires (see Ministers),

Proof of, 137, 143-151, 157.
Civil jurisdiction, exemptions from,

199-210.

Civil status of individuals determined
by domicile, 136–138.

Civil war (see War), 274.

Renunciation of, 139, 143-151.
Subjects, 135, 136.

Claims of subjects for injuries re-
ceived abroad:

Based on mob violence, 351, 352.
Based on war, 350-354.
Damages, when awarded, 351-
353.

Diplomatic presentation, 250-254.
Duty of a state respecting, 350-
354.

Local tribunals, resort to, 96, 97.
Method of presentation, 250-254.
Mob violence, 353, 354.
Procedure, 250-254.

War, claims based on, 350-354.
Claims to exclusive dominion on
high seas, 57, 58.
Classification of wars:

Civil, 274.

Conquest, 274.

Defensive, 274.
External, 274-

Independence, 274.

Internal, 274.

Insurrection, 274.

Offensive, 274.

Opinion, 274.

Rebellion, 274.

Subjugation, 274.

Closed seas, 58, 59.

Coast fisheries, 60, 597-599.

Codification of rules and usages of

Commercial intercourse, 122-124.
How far a right, 123, 124.
Not compellable, 123, 124.
Regulation of, 123, 124.
Restrictions on, 123, 124.
Commission of inquiry, 258, 529.
Communities, collective responsibil-
ity of, in war, 324, 325.
Offences, 324.

Punishment, 324, 325.
Responsibility, 324, 325.
Concert of Europe, 108, 109.
Confederations:

Constitution, 37, 38.
Formation, 38.

Rule for determining strength of,
38.
Strong, 37, 38.
Unions, 37, 38.
Weak, 37, 38.

Conferences (see Congresses), 230,

231.

Conflict of international rights, 250-

270.

Adjustment of, 250-262.

Amicable settlement, 250, 256.
Arbitration, 255, 256.

Diplomatic adjustment, 250-254.

Embargo, 266, 267.

Forcible measures, 263-270.

Good offices, 254, 257, 258.

International arbitration, 259–263.

Mediation, 254, 257.

Moderation, duty of, 253, 254.

Pacific blockade, 267-270.

Reprisals, 264, 265.
Retorsion, 263, 264.

Conflict of laws, 181-188.

Aliens, capacity of, 185-187.
Based on comity, 182.

Capacity, rules respecting, 186.
Caste, no extra-territorial effect,
185-187.

Comity, basis of, 182.

Contracts, 186, 187.

Decedents, estates of, 186.

Definition, 181, 182.

Domicile, 185-187.

Foreign judgments, 187.

History, 182-185.

Judgments, extra-territorial effect
of, 187.

Jus gentium, 184.
Lex rei sita, 186.

Limitation on practice of, 185-187.

Purposes, 230.

Record, 230.
Treaties, 230.
Conquered territory:

Allegiance of inhabitants, 346, 347.
Changes in political laws, 348, 349.
Treaties respecting, 342-349.
Uti possidetis, rule of, 344, 345.
Conquests, 344-349.

Effects of, on local laws, 348, 349.

Private property, 345, 346.
Public property, 345, 346.
Treaties respecting, 342-349.
Uti possidetis, rule of, 344, 345.
Conscripts, 289, 290.

Rules of, as to captures, 380, 381.
Constitution, case of the, 81, 82.
Constitutional governments, 32, 33.
Constructive blockades, 474, note,
475.

Consular agents (see Consuls), 211-

221.

Consular jurisdiction (see Consuls),

218-221.

Appeals from, 221.

Based upon treaties, 218, 219.
Civil, 219-221.
Criminal, 219–221.
Effects, 218, 219.
How obtained, 219.

Reasons for its exercise, 218, 219.
Sources, 218-220.

Where exercised, 218-220.
Consuls, 211-221.

Amenable to local jurisdiction, 218.
Appointment, 213.

In United States, 214, 215.

Classification, 213.
Consular agents, 213.
Jurisdiction, 218-221.

Consuls-general, 218.

Duties, 215, 216.

Continuous voyages (see Contra-
band), 466-468.

Contraband of war, 449-471.

Application of rules of, 455-463.

Character of restriction, 449.

Continuous voyages, 466–468.
Definition, 449.

Destination of goods, 456-463.
Field's rule, 454.
History, 450-452.

Liability to capture, 449, 450.
Locality of captures, 449, 450.
Occasional contraband, 468–470.
Penalty, 463-466.

Peterhoff, case of the, 462, 463.
Pre-emption, 470, 471.

Restrictions on neutral trade, 449.
Rules for determining, 452-458.
Rules of, application to individ-
uals, 450.

Seizures of, where made, 449, 450.
Ship, how affected by, 464-466.
Springbok, case of the, 460-462.
What constitutes, 452-458.
Contract debts, convention respect-
ing, 261, 542, 544.

Contracts, foreign (see Conflict of
Laws), 185.

Execution of, 185.
Performance, 185.

Remedies for breach, 185.

Validity of, how determined, 185.
Contracts of states (see Treaties),

Character of, 196.

Presentation, 196.
Purpose, 196.

Creole, case of the, 120, 121.

Crews of enemy merchant vessels,
363, 364, 572.

Neutral merchant vessels, 363, 572.
Crimes, 69-74.

In theater of war, 319.
Jurisdiction over, 69–74.
On high seas, 70, 71.

On merchant ships, 69-74.
On public armed vessels, 74-77.
Criminal jurisdiction, 166, 172.
Exemption of diplomatic employés,
199-210.

Extra-territorial, 70.

Cuba:

Right to make, 279, 280.

Declarations of the Hague Confer-
ence of 1899, 519-524; of 1907,
588-590.

Asphyxiating gases, use of pro-
jectiles for diffusion of, 520.

Balloons, throwing projectiles from,
520.

Bullets which expand or flatten
easily, 520, 523.

De facto governments, 34.
Recognition of, 34.

De jure goverments, 34.

De Martens' definition of balance of

power, 106, 107.

Dependent states, 37, 38.
Confederations, 37, 38.
Dependencies, 37, 38.
Protectorates, 38.

Spheres of influence, 109, 110.
Desertion to the enemy:

Conveyance of, by neutral, 461-
464.