time of exportation, and the officially attested list of such samples containing a full description thereof issued by them, shall be reciprocally accepted by the customs officials of the other as establishing their character as samples and exempting them from inspection except so far as may be necessary to establish that the samples produced are those enumerated in the list. The customs authorities of either country may, however, affix a supplementary mark to such samples in special cases where they may think this precaution necessary.

ARTICLE XIV.

The chambers of commerce, as well as such other trade associations and other recognized commercial associations in the territories of the high contracting parties as may be authorized in this behalf, shall be mutually accepted as competent authorities for issuing any certificates that may be required for commercial travellers.

ARTICLE XV.

Limited liability and other companies and associations, commercial, industrial, and financial, already or hereafter to be organized in accordance with the laws of either high contracting party, and registered in the territories of such party, are authorized, in the territories of the other, to exericse their rights and appear in the courts either as plaintiffs or defendants, subject to the laws of such other party.

ARTICLE XVI.

Each of the high contracting parties shall permit the importation or exportation of all merchandise which may be legally imported or exported, and also the carriage of passengers from or to their respective territories, upon the vessels of the other; and such vessels, their cargoes, and passengers, shall enjoy the same privileges as, and shall not be subjected to any other or higher duties or charges than, national vessels and their cargoes and passengers.

ARTICLE XVII.

In all that regards the stationing, loading and unloading of vessels in the ports, docks, roadsteads, and harbours of the high contracting parties, no privileges or facilities shall be granted by either party to national vessels which are not equally, in like cases, granted to the vessels

of the other country; the intention of the high contracting parties being that in these respects also the vessels of the two countries shall be treated on the footing of perfect equality.

ARTICLE XVIII.

All vessels which according to British law are to be deemed British vessels, and all vessels which according to Japanese law are to be deemed Japanese vessels, shall, for the purposes of this treaty, be deemed British and Japanese vessels respectively.

ARTICLE XIX.

No duties of tonnage, harbour, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, or other analogous duties or charges of whatever nature, or under whatever denomination, levied in the name or for the profit of government, public functionaries, private individuals, corporations or establishments of any kind, shall be imposed in the ports of either country upon the vessels of the other which shall not equally, under the same conditions, be imposed in like cases on national vessels in general or vessels of the most favoured nation. Such equality of treatment shall apply to the vessels of either country from whatever place they may arrive and whatever may be their destination.

ARTICLE XX.

Vessels charged with performance of regular scheduled postal service of one of the high contracting parties shall enjoy in the territorial waters of the other the same specia! facilities, privileges, and immunities as are granted to like vessels of the most favoured nation.

ARTICLE XXI.

The coasting trade of the high contracting parties is excepted from the provisions of the present treaty, and shall be regulated according to the laws of the United Kingdom and Japan respectively. It is, however, understood that the subjects and vessels of either high contracting party shall enjoy in this respect most-favoured-nation treatment in the territories of the other.

British and Japanese vessels may, nevertheless, proceed from one port to another, either for the purpose of landing the whole or part of their passengers or cargoes brought from abroad, or of taking on board the whole or part of their passengers or cargoes for a foreign destination.

It is also understood that, in the event of the coasting trade of either country being exclusively reserved to national vessels, the vessels of the other country, if engaged in trade to or from places not within the limits of the coasting trade so reserved, shall not be prohibited from the carriage between two ports of the former country of passengers holding through tickets, or merchandise consigned on through bills of lading to or from places not within the above-mentioned limits, and while engaged in such carriage these vessels and their cargoes shall enjoy the full privileges of this treaty.

ARTICLE XXII.

If any seaman should desert from any ship belonging to either of the high contracting parties in the territorial waters of the other the local authorities shall, within the limits of law, be bound to give every assistance in their power for the recovery of such deserter, on application to that effect being made to them by the competent consular officer of the country to which the ship of the deserter may belong, accompanied by an assurance that all expenses connected therewith will be repaid.

It is understood that this stipulation shall not apply to the subjects of the country where the desertion takes place.

ARTICLE XXIII.

Any vessel of either of the high contracting parties which may be compelled, by stress of weather or by accident, to take shelter in a port of the other shall be at liberty to refit therein, to procure all necessary stores, and to put to sea again, without paying any dues other than such as would be payable in the like case by a national vessel. In case, however, the master of a merchant-vessel should be under the necessity of disposing of a part of his merchandise in order to defray the expenses, he shall be bound to conform to the regulations and tariffs of the place to which he may have come.

If any vessel of one of the high contracting parties should run aground or be wrecked upon the coasts of the other, such vessel, and all parts thereof, and all furniture and appurtenances belonging thereunto, and all goods and merchandise saved therefrom, including any which may have been cast into the sea, or the proceeds thereof, if sold, as well as all papers found on board such stranded or wrecked vessel, shall be given up to the owners or their agents when claimed by them. If there are

no such owners or agents on the spot, then the same shall be delivered to the British or Japanese consular officer in whose district the wreck or stranding may have taken place upon being claimed by him within the period fixed by the laws of the country, and such consular officer, owners, or agents shall pay only the expenses incurred in the preservation of the property, together with the salvage or other expenses which would have been payable in the like case of a wreck or stranding of a national vessel.

The high contracting parties agree, moreover, that merchandise saved shall not be subjected to the payment of any customs duty unless cleared for internal consumption.

In the case either of a vessel being driven in by stress of weather, run aground, or wrecked, the respective consular officers shall, if the owner or master or other agent of the owner is not present, or is present and requires it, be authorized to interpose in order to afford the necessary assistance to their fellow-countrymen.

ARTICLE XXIV.

The high contracting parties agree that, in all that concerns commerce, navigation, and industry, any favour, privilege, or immunity which either high contracting party has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the ships, subjects, or citizens of any other foreign state shall be extended immediately and unconditionally to the ships or subjects of the other high contracting party, it being their intention that the commerce, navigation, and industry of each country shall be placed in all respects on the footing of the most favoured nation.

ARTICLE XXV.

The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to tariff concessions granted by either of the high contracting parties to contiguous states. solely to facilitate frontier traffic within a limited zone on each side of the frontier, or to the treatment accorded to the produce of the national fisheries of the high contracting parties or to special tariff favours. granted by Japan in regard to fish and other aquatic products taken in the foreign waters in the vicinity of Japan.

ARTICLE XXVI.

The stipulations of the present treaty shall not be applicable to any of His Britannic Majesty's dominions, colonies, possessions, or protec

torates beyond the seas, unless notice of adhesion shall have been given on behalf of any such dominion, colony, possession, or protectorate by His Britannic Majesty's representative at Tokio before the expiration of two years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty.

ARTICLE XXVII.

The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at Tokio as soon as possible. It shall enter into operation on the 17th July, 1911, and remain in force until the 16th July, 1923. In case neither of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other twelve months before the expiration of the said period, of its intention to terminate the treaty, it shall continue operative until the expiration of one year from the date on which either of the high contracting parties shall have denounced it.

As regards the British dominions, colonies, possessions, and protectorates to which the present treaty may have been made applicable in virtue of Article 26, however, either of the high contracting parties shall have the right to terminate it separately at any time on giving twelve months' notice to that effect.

It is understood that the stipulations of the present and of the preceding article referring to British dominions, colonies, possessions, and protectorates apply also to the Island of Cyprus.

In witness whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty and have affixed thereto the seal of their arms. Done at London, in duplicate, this 3rd day of April, 1911.

(L. S.) E. GREY.

(L. S.)

TAKAAKI KATO.

TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION BETWEEN JAPAN AND GREAT

BRITAIN.1

Signed at London, 16th day of 7th month, 27th year of Meiji (1894); ratifications exchanged at Tokio, 25th day of 8th month, 27th year Meiji (1894).

His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, and Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, being equally desirous of maintaining the relations of good understand

1 Treaties and Conventions between the Empire of Japan and other Powers, 1899.