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- enjoins it on his friends again and again, as a thing of much importance, pressing, from its necessity, constantly upon his mind, that they should bring with them calomel and bark-Physic, physic, physic! I must confess that I am quite willing to give up all claim to his prairies, and to be content with plain Pennsylvania hills and valleys, uplands and bottoms, that will yield fifty bushels of corn, or twenty of wheat, to the acre.

Another thing in Mr. Birkbeck's letters impressed me with no very favourable idea of his situation. He speaks of erecting a wind mill on his prairie ! What are there no mill seats in Illinois ? Is the land so low; are the waters so sluggish, that fall enough cannot be found to turn a mill? Such we have reason to think is the fact. Is it then to be wondered at, if fevers and ague-bilious fever-yellow fever, and fifty other diseases, should be rife where the lands are low and the waters stagnant.

For my own part-perhaps it is the effect of prejudice, but I can't help it-I prefer the running stream -the pure, sweet, lively water that gushes from the hill side, and the occasional cataract, all foaming and bounding, like a flock of white sheep from the mountain, imparting cheerfulness and health. I wish I had room to extract from a late work entitled "Rambles in Italy," a description of a spot, the most beautiful to the eye, but fatal to the occupant. The summer and autumn it was abandoned, for the miasma that rose from its putrid waters blighted human life as the frost withers the leaves of the forest. Such, I apprehend, will be the future description of many a fair promising prairie in the

west.

Well, there is one consolation: There are new lands enough nearer home-excellent in soil, having pure water, and advantageously situated. How apt we are to look at a great distance for happiness,

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overlooking the advantages near us! Nearly one half of Pennsylvania is yet uncultivated. From a point, beginning a few miles north of Easton, run a line longitudinally so as to intersect the western line of the state, passing a few miles north of Pittsburg, we divide Pennsylvania into two equal parts. South of this line 83 members of Assembly reside; north of it 15. Suppose the state to contain 900,000 inhabitants-750,000 live in the south half, and only 150,000 in the North. Yet the north part will admit a population greater than that which now exists in the south. There is ample room, therefore, for 600,000 inhabitants, or 100,000 families to settle in Pennsylvania, and lands can be obtained on terms quite as reasonable as in the west.

Some parts of this territory are settling with great rapidity. Of Susquehanna county I can speak from personal knowledge, having been one among the first who made a settlement near where the present seat of justice, (Montrose,) is established. It was, 18 years ago, a wilderness; there was no road within eight miles of the spot which is now a handsome town. It has not, it is true, like some of the Alabama towns, increased 200 houses in a season; such places, of unnatural growth, will go like Jonah's gourd, as suddenly as they came; I have no confidence in them. But the growth of Montrose and the settlement of the country in the neighbourhood, have been natural and healthful. This county, lying within two days journey of the Hudson, and three of Philadelphia, and being nearly in a direction between those cities and the fine and flourishing Genessee country, rendered it an object deserving attention. Robert H. Rose, Esq. took an active part in its settlement. Enterprising, liberal and intelligent, he has, with the aid of several other gentlemen, produced an astonishing revolution in those forests. Various turnpikes extend through

the county-At the seat of justice are erected very handsome public buildings; a Bank of superior credit, which has been some time in operation, is there established, and at the last election, they polled upwards of 200 votes at Montrose.

The soil is of an excellent quality, favourable for all sorts of grain; and particularly productive of grass, promising to be one of the finest grazing countries in the Union. The timber is chiefly Sugar Maple, Beach, Ash, Hemlock and Birch. In its hills and valleys the land lies much like that of Chester_county; the water abundant, lively and clear. In this fine county, lands may be bought on the turnpikes for five dollars per acre; or at a less price some distance from them. Mill seats are numerous and excellent; and above all, in point of health it cannot be surpassed. With the advantages of good roads, schools and society, and land at a moderate price so near; what thinking man would remove, with a pack load of calomel and jalap at his back, to the fever prairies of Illinois ?

I have spoken particularly of Susquehanna county; but the description, as it respects soil, pro ducts, timber, water, &c. will apply to all the counties on the north line of the state. But I have no more room at present. This subject must be resumed. The settlement of this great extent of territory is a subject of the highest importance to the state, and ought to engage its most serious attention.

THE CONSTITUTION

OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

WE, the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquillity, provide for the common Defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, Do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

ARTICLE I.

SECTION I. All legislative powers, herein granted, shall be vested in a CONGRESS of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

SECT. II. 1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year, by the people of the several states; and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature.

2. No person shall be a Representative, who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.

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