critical disquisitions, in which only such information was to be found. It remained a desideratum, which Mr. Carpenter, in the work before us, has in a great measure supplied, that this subject should be exhibited in a more popular form.

In a modest and becoming preface, the author states his object to be, to bring within the reach of the great body of readers, the labours and investigations of various learned writers -the principal of whom are Dr. Harris, Mr. Charles Taylor, Professor Paxton, and Dr. Mason Good. Without that pretence to originality which, in the present day, is as much distinguished by personal vanity, as it is at variance with truth, Mr. Carpenter has, we think, presented to the public an interesting and useful work. We have no room for extracts, and, perhaps, no extracts could enable our readers to form a fair and proper judgment of the manner in which a work of this description has been executed. But in looking over the various matters discussed, we think we may recommend, as peculiarly interesting, the article upon Man-those upon the Camel, the Leviathan, and the Locust, together with the introductory article upon Geology: a science which, though it has given rise to greater conflict of opinion than any other, appears at last to have been happily reduced to a strict and satisfactory agreement with the Mosaical account of the Creation.

Sermons, on various Occasions; by

CHARLES WEBB LE BAS, M. A.
Professor in the East India College,
&c. &c. Vol. II. 8vo. pp. x. 528.
Price 12s.

Mr. Le Bas has at length favoured the public with a second volume of sermons. Their appearance at a late period of the month must be an excuse for our not now affording them the lengthened notice they deserve. The volume contains twenty-three discourses, which we are confident will not only sustain, but even increase the reputation of their already very distinguished and excellent author. We are glad to see a second edition of Vol. I. which has been out of print some time.

The Speculator and the Believer; or, Conversations on Christian Seriousness and Philosophical Enthusiasm. By MARY ANN KELTY, Author of "Religious Thoughts." 12mo. 5s. bds. pp. 218.

This little volume well deserves a perusal. It convincingly exposes many of the errors which are the most fondly cherished in the heart of the natural man; the deceits of a vain philosophy. It sets forth, with uncompromising fidelity, the requirements of the gospel, and shews the excellency of that knowledge which is by Christ Jesus our Lord.

This is an interesting and well-written book. In the first four chapters we find the life of Mohammed, with the causes of his success; an analysis of the Koran, with occasional quotations; and a view of the defects in the external and internal evidence of the system. In the five following chapters are a vindication of the charge of corruption in the Scriptures; our Saviour's history, according to the Koran, with notes and reflections; a consideration of the scheme of redemption, and the incidental blessings conferred by Christianity; and a brief notice, in conclusion, of the prophecies supposed to relate to the dissolution of the Mohammedan apostasy.

Sermons on Sickness, Sorrow, and Death. By the Rev. EDWARD BERENS, M. A. 3s. 12mo. pp. 167. 1828.

This little volume has nine sermons, of which the subjects are-Mortality of Man-Duties of the Sick-Care of the Sick-Recovery from Sickness

Old Age-Death-Regulation of Sorrow for the Death of Friends-Sorrow for the Death of Children--and, Advantages of Affliction. Each sermon is followed by a short appropriate prayer. The excellent author alludes to the writings of Secker, the funeral discourses of Lucas and Doddridge, and the treatises of Flavell, Grosvenor, Cecil, and Newnham, as having furnished him with many suggestions. The object of them all is to enforce repentance towards God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ."·

66

IN THE PRESS.

The Rev. JOHN WILSON, of Montrose, is preparing for publication a volume on the Origin, Nature, Functions, and Order of

Priesthood of Christ.

LIST OF NEW PUBLICATIONS.

HEBER'S Journey through India, 2 vols. 4to. 4l. 14s. 6d. bds.-BLUNT'S Veracity of the Gospels, crown 8vo. 5s. 6d. bds.-LE BAS on the Miracles, crown 8vo. 5s. 6d. bds. -MANT'S Notices of the Apostles, 8vo. 13s. bds. SCHOLEFIELD'S Eschylus, 8vo. 10s. bds.-Chart of Ecclesiastical History, 7s. on sheet; 14s. on roller.-SMITH'S (Rev. PYE) Four Discourses, 8vo. 8s. bds.FACCIOLATI'S Latin Dictionary, by Bailey, 2 vols. royal 4to. 67. 16s. 6d. bds.

Jan. 5, 1828. Amount of Funded Debt

.£777,476,000 34,770,000.

.£812,246,000

.£261,000,000

249,000,000

£12,000,000

Amount of Revenue during 1827

Expenditure during the same year.

£49,581,000 49,487,000

Surplus of Revenue

...

£ 94,000

increase of establishments in that line, and the employment of more capital than the market could immediately absorb. Events which must occur amidst the fluctuations of commerce, and especially when a more liberal, and a better system of mercantile policy is in a course of adoption, but which will easily adjust itself to the circumstances of supply and demand.

FRANCE. Since the meeting of the Chambers the Deputies have been much occupied in deciding questions of undue elections. This part of the law, relative to the liberties of the subject,

appears to require some additional measures for the security of the national freedom, and a prayer to that effect has been embodied in the address to the throne. It is also proposed to separate the direction of public instruction from the administration of ecclesiastical affairs, and put them under the control of distinct commissions.

There is a considerable deficit in the revenue of the kingdom. In the year 1826, (the occupation of Spain by a French army then existing,) there was a surplus of 6,164,443 francs above the expenditure. In the following year this is changed to a defalcation of 35,200,000 francs: to cover which, a statement is made of a credit on the Spanish government of 31,600,000 francs.

A number of transports have been taken up by the government at Toulon, and some small bodies of troops, particularly artillery, and their stores, have been marched in that direction, but whether these are intended for Greece, or a more powerful attack upon Algiers, is quite uncertain.

SPAIN. The same cruel, weak, and arbitrary measures continue to be pursued by the Spanish cabinet. Great misery prevails in the capital; and the minister of finance can no longer provide the supplies for the public service by the means hitherto employed for that purpose. The duties imposed by a late tariff on the importation of colonial produce so completely destroyed the fair trade, and placed the entire commerce in those articles in the hands of the smugglers, that it has been found necessary to repeal those duties, and enact more moderate ones.

PORTUGAL presents a scene of most painful interest. The visit of Don Miguel to this country, the assurances he gave of his intention to support the constitution, and the permission, perhaps sanction of the British government, to the contract for a loan for the service of Portugal, afforded a hope that the experience of four years of exile might have improved the judgment and moderated, if not removed, the ill-guided turbulence of youth. These expectations have been disappointed, and all the fears of the constitutionalists have been sadly real

ized.

took the prescribed oath to the constitution as he had done at Vienna, but he immediately changed all the principal members of the administration for those whose principles were known to be anti-constitutional. He held a levee, and the mob, even in the precincts of the palace, and within his hearing, shouted their Vivas for the absolute King, insulting and even wounding some distinguished characters who refused to comply with their demands, and not the slightest exertion was made to repress these tumults or protect those who suffered from them. Subsequently the commanders of the regiments in the vicinity of Lisbon were superseded and replaced by others of the absolute party, with the exception of two regiments, the soldiers of which were known to be particularly attached to their colonels, and therefore the step was not likely to be carried without some danger.

These violent measures produced an immediate effect upon the public credit, and government paper fell to a discount of 22 per cent.

The British troops, as had been agreed upon, prepared for embarkation as soon as Don Miguel should have arrived: but here again the animosity of the new government shewed itself. The officer who had the command of this service, applied to the governor of the arsenal for the use of some flatbottomed boats to facilitate the embarkation of the Hussars and Artillery : they were refused. The regiments previous to their leaving their quarters were reviewed in the vicinity of the palace, to which the Regent was invited, but declined the invitation.

Under these circumstances the British authorities found it necessary to

occupy the arsenal by force, to effect the removal of the troops-to order the Pyramus to drop down the river, and, taking possession of the Fort St. Julian, to retain it till all the British squadron shall have passed out of the Tagus; the Wellesley, which sailed on the 12th of March with the 11th regiment for the Mediterranean, to load her guns with shot before she dropped down the Tagus; and the first portion of the loan (60,000l.) which had arrived, but had not been paid over to the Potuguese government, to be conveyed back by the same vessel which had carried it out.

GREECE. The Count Capo d'Istria, the governor of Greece, has convoked a general Assembly of Deputies from the states of this country at Egina, where they will meet to consult for the public welfare of their interesting race and country early in April.

The limits proposed for this new sovereignty is understood to be the range of mountains in north Thessaly, and that an annual tribute shall be paid to the Porte equal to the revenue which may have been usually derived by the Sultan from these districts.

The position of the allies and Turkey seems scarcely altered since our last. Attempts to effectuate by negotiation, the settlement of this contest, continue to be made, and are as plainly and bluntly rejected by the Sultan, as if the preponderance of force was on his side, and the allies at his feet. The most violent measures have been promptly pursued the imperial proclamation has invited all his subjects to take up arms for the support of the Ottoman power. The regularly disciplined troops in the neighbourhood of Constantinople, are stated at 80,000, and that they will be supported by an army of 200,000 Asiatics. The necessity and want of money to sustain these operations, is already felt and manifested in the means used to fill the coffers of the Porte; the Armenians of the Roman Catholic Church, in particular, feel the oppression of the government;-all the wealthy individuals of that people, have been

banished from Constantinople to the interior of Asia Minor, and their property seized; one of the richest bankers (Railli) of the same nation has been put to death. All Christians, subjects of European powers, have been ordered to withdraw from the dominions of the Grand Signior, and are hurried and hurrying away with all expedition.

The Russian army is supposed by many to have passed the Pruth; but of this we have no certain intelligence. The Emperor of Russia has again avowed his purpose: whether he perseveres in his efforts for the liberation of Greece singly, or in conjunction with his allies, of not appropriating a single acre of Turkish territory to himself; it is conjectured that if the Russian army enters Moldavia, it will not pass beyond the boundaries of that principality, but wait to see the effect of such a demonstration on the councils of his Sublime Highness.

The measures of Austria appear entirely pacific. A few regiments have been ordered to march towards the Servian frontier; but the number of these is too inconsiderable to excite any apprehension.

The Sophy of Persia has recommenced hostilities with Russia.

MEXICO. The affairs of this country continue in a very disturbed statethirty-eight persons of different ranks are reported to have been arrested for crimes against the state. The decrees for the banishment of all native Spaniards are carried very actively into effect, and numbers of them are daily arriving at the Havannah, in a very distressed state.

HINDOSTAN. The fort at Kolitenan has been destroyed by an earthquake, and a thousand persons are said to have perished in its ruins.The same convulsion has blocked up the river Rowee, and caused a very extensive inundation, which threatens serious consequences to the city of Lahore. In the western provinces the cholera has been prevalent, and supposed to have carried off thirty thousand persons.