fathers, though the copies of many of them have it now in the text itself, Osos, God; yet, from the tenor of their comments upon it, and from their never citing it in the Arian controversy, it appears, that they always read it (os) who or (%) which.-Note, it must not be judged from the present copies of the text in Nyssen and others, but from their manner of commenting upon the place, how the text was read in their days.' Abp. Newcome observes, that if we read (os) he who, we have a construction like Mark iv. 25.; Luke viii. 18.; Rom. viii. 32.❞ "* Seen by messengers.-By the Apostles, who were his angels or messengers to the world." Benson. "Met with a glorious reception.-Benson, who refers to Acts xx. 13, 14. xxiii. 31.; Eph. vi. 15; 2 Tim. iv. 11, in support of this sense of the word aveλnpon. He interprets the Apostle's language of ανεληφθη. the multitudes which, in the Apostolic age, embraced the Christian religion." Note to the Unitarian Version. No. 1. 1 TIMOTHY iv. 14. "Presbytery." (CALVIN. PRESBYTERIANS.) Calvin may be said to be the founder of Presbytery, having first established that form at Geneva * about 1541. John Knox and Andrew Melvil soon after introduced it into Scotland. * See Spon Histoire de Geneve.--Edition of 1730. One of the great points which prevented an union between the Lutherans and Calvinists, was the form of church government. The Lutherans admitted what they esteemed an Apostolical ordinance, viz. a diversity in rank and precedence among the clergy. The Calvinists, more addicted to ecclesiastical republicanism, preferred that form of government which is termed Presbyterian. Although the established Calvinists adopt the Presbyterian form of government, many societies, such as the Independents, Anabaptists, &c. who generally profess the Calvinistic doctrines, have a form and discipline peculiar to themselves. In a celebrated treatise, written in the reign of King Charles I. under the title of Smectymnuus, a fictitious word, made up of the initial letters of the names of the authors, viz. Stephen Marshal, Edmund Calamy, Thomas Young, Matthew Newcomen, and William Spurstow, respecting the Apostolical institution of diocesan episcopacy, it was contended, that a primitive Bishop was no other than a parochial pastor, or a preaching Presbyter, without inequality, or any proper rule over his brethren. In opposing the Bishop's sole right of ordination, and sole right of spiritual jurisdiction, the Smectymnuan divines contended, that Bishops and Presbyters were originally the same; that ordination to the office of a Bishop does not differ from the ordination of a Presbyter; that there are no powers conveyed to a Bishop from which Presbyters are secluded; nor any qualification required in the one more than in the other; that admitting Timothy was a proper Bishop, which they deny, yet that he was ordained by the laying on of the hands of the Presbytery, as well as of St. Paul. 1 Tim. iv. 14. That the origin of the order of Bishops was from the Presbyters choosing one from among themselves, to be a stated president in their assemblies, in the second or third century; that St. Jerome declares, once and again, that in the days of the Apostles, Bishops and Presbyters were the same; that as low as his time, they had gained nothing but ordination; and that St. Chrysostom and Theophylact affirm, that while the Apostles lived, and for some ages after, the names of Bishops and Presbyters were not distinguished. See Neal. The two houses passed an ordinance, Oct. 2, 1644, for the ordination of ministers pro tempore, which appointed ten persons, being Presbyters and members of the assembly, and also thirteen who were Presbyters of London but not members of the assembly, to examine and ordain, by imposition of hands, all those whom they shall judge qualified to be admitted into the sacred ministry. Any seven or more to be a quorum; and all persons so ordained, to be reputed ministers in the Church of England, sufficiently authorized for any office or employment therein, and capable of all advantages appertaining to the same. ་ Others had full powers given them to ordain pro tempore in the county of Lancaster. To obviate the reproaches of the Oxford divines, the following clause was added, that "if any person do publicly preach, or otherwise exercise any ministerial office, that shall not be ordained, or thereunto allowed by One of the great points which preve between the Lutherans and Calvinists of church government. The Luthe what they esteemed an Apostolical or diversity in rank and precedence am The Calvinists, more addicted to ec publicanism, preferred that form which is termed Presbyterian. Although the established Calvir Presbyterian form of government, such as the Independents, Anaba generally profess the Calvinistic form and discipline peculiar to the In a celebrated treatise, writ King Charles I. under the title fictitious word, made up of th names of the authors, viz. Step Calamy, Thomas Young, Ma William Spurstow, respectin tution of diocesan episcop that a primitive Bishop w chial pastor, or a preachi equality, or any proper r In opposing the Bisho and sole right of spiri tymnuan divines co Presbyters were orig tion to the office o the ordination of powers conveyed are secluded; no one more than in wangy futamssion te gis elders llow that they might orda The Independents argued for t gation to ordain debated ten days. The waterwards published pures, in a book entitled serve Presbytery and gth the question being put, t angle gregation that can con a with others, should assume to ng of animation, it was carried in t While the affair of ordination was assembly, committees were chos music a new form of discipli govemment, a point of the greater hese the old form was dissolved, and y established in its room. the I |