Maghera, £10, r. Kilealaglit, £3, 6s. Ed. Londonderry.

Josiah Marshal, institut. 27 June, 1793, r. Maghera, Killelagh united.

Hume Lawder, collated 4 Jan. 1808, vice Jos. Marshal, r. Killelagh, Londonderry, £3, 6s. Ed. n. t.

XII. Suggestions for Improvement, and means for meliorating the condition of the People.

Encouragement to industry is the best suggestion which can be offered for the improvement of the circumstances, and meliorating and amending the situation of the people; there are two things to be considered, first, the proper incitement to industry, and again, the hindrance which that incitement may experience in its endeavour towards the attainment of its purposed object. One hindrance to industry which often occurs is want of capital. The means of employing the peasant, though small, yet still may be beyond his ability to procure. Money lent in small sums, interest free, and taken in weekly payments, will progressively, with industry, relieve the industrious needy, and in time, in very many instances, may create a à capital. The Lord Bishop of Derry has patronised such an institution in the city of Derry, to the best purpose, and were the proprietors of property here, resident, and had the will as they have the power, the manufacturers might not at any time feel the pressure of a severe season: but there are still hindrances; every peasant here is a politician, and be his necessity in other respects as it may, still he subscribes to the purchase of a newspaper,

and pays much more attention, and seems much more concerned about the national debt, than his own. The newspaper lowest in principles, or more properly speaking, of bad principle, is the only one read in council, and until time tires, or the efficient powers of the legislature stay the contagion, industry will have little concern, and less attention.

APPENDIX.

No. 1.

TOWNLANDS IN THE PARISH OF KILLELAGH, &c.

No. IX.

PARISH OF

LISTERLING,

(Diocese of Ossory, and County of Kilkenny.)

BY THE REV. JAMES A. KER, RECTOR.

Name.

1. Name of the Parish, Siluation, Extent, &c.

THE ancient as well as modern name of the parish &tuation. is Listerling (sometimes written Listerlin.) It is situated in the baronies of Idagh and Knocktopher, in the county of Kilkenny and diocese of Ossory. The latitude corresponds with that of the town of Boundaries Wexford. It is bounded on the north by the parish of Dysertmoon, in the union of Rosbercon; on the south by Kilbride; on the east by Rosbercon; and It is divided into eleven

Divisions. on the west by Kilbeacon. Contents. townlands, and parts of two more, containing in the whole about 3000 acres, and in length about four miles. The proportions of arable land, meadow and pasture, which it contained in the year 1812, were, of wheat, 65 acres; barley, 9 acres; oats, 3551 acres; potatoes, 3281 acres; making in the whole 758 acres. The proportion of meadowing was 921 acres; the remainder, being about 2149 acres, was in pasture.

A small river or mountain torrent, called the Ar- River. gula, or Argiller, passes through this parish, taking its rise from the hills that bound Knocktopher and idagh, and in its course dividing these two baronies: it empties itself into the Nore at Ballyduff. Within two miles of Thomastown, in this county, it abounds with trout. The north-eastern extremity of the parish extends to within half a mile of the river Nore, near the village of Ballyneal, where there is a pill or landing-place for sea-sand, limestone, coals and other articles.

There is no mountain in the parish, but there are a few inconsiderable hills, almost the whole of whose surface is under tillage or pasture. A small quantity Bog of bog lies in Smithstown, Darbystown and Ballymartin, where hand turf is made by the inhabitants for their own use; the greater part of the parish being supplied with turf (the principal fuel) from the neighbouring townland of Glanpipe, in the parish of Burntchurch, where there is a large extent of heathy mountain, which produces excellent turf, but which is let out at an immoderate price, from 10d. to Is. 3d. per kish being demanded for the liberty of cutting; which, being added to the expense of saving and bringing home, makes it amount to a high price, probably to about 2s. 6d. or 3s. per kish.

The only woods or thickets in the parish are two Wooks. small oak woods in the townland of Ballyneal, one containing about 25 acres, the other 20. The soil is Hop not unfavourable to trees and shrubs, and the hop plant grows wild in an old ditch of the glebe, where it had been long since cultivated by a former incum

Lead Mine.

Slate

bent. In a marshy spot near the moat of Listerling is a quantity of the aquatic plant, called Polygonum Amphibium, or Amphibious Persicaria; the Digitalis Purpurea, or Foxglove, grows on almost every ditch.

II. Mines, Minerals, &c.

A land surveyor, employed in taking a survey of the townland of Listerling, has lately discovered a mine on its eastern border, which is probably a vein of one extending from the adjoining land of Brownstown, where some pits were sunk a few years since; the ore thrown up contained lead, with a slight mixture of silver and copper, but the design of working the mine was relinquished, from an apprehension that the profit likely to accrue from it would not counterbalance the expense.

A slate quarry was opened on the lands of ListerQuarry. ling a few years ago, out of which some good slates were procured, but it has not been worked to any extent. There is a similar quarry in Brownstown, out of which slates of a good quality are also occasionally raised. The soil in general has a large proportion of clay, beneath which lies a brittle argillaceous slate. Some of the springs are slightly Springs. impregnated with iron, particularly one on the side of the high road leading to Ballyneal, which is a pretty strong chalybeate.

Mineral

Danish Fort.

III. Modern Buildings, &c.

There is no monastic ruin or old castle, but on the lands of Listerling, is a Danish fort or moat of