CHAPTER XII.

THE FIRST FIGHT ON CUBAN SOIL.

Schley's scouts-Lieutenant Blue's exploit-A torpedo-boat

attack-Torpedoes afloat-The forts bombarded -

Marines landed in Guantanamo Bay-A Spanish attack—

Fighting day and night-Death of Surgeon Gibbs-The

Sunday attack-A picturesque scene-Cuban allies-The

Spanish camp attacked-Tricks of the bush-fighters—

Shelling of Caimanera-Work of the dynamite guns—

The channel open—A conference on Cuban soil

PAGE

215

CHAPTER XIII.

THE ARMY OF INVASION.

Organizing an army-Commanding officers-Treatment of

the soldiers criticised-General Alger's remarks-Char-

acter of the army-The Rough Riders-The invading

force-The transports sail and are called back-The final

start-Santiago reached-A landing place chosen-The

Spanish retreat-Landing under difficulties-The army

on shore-Its unready condition-An advance movement

-Skirmishing-Garcia's army moved

227

CHAPTER XIV.

THE RAID OF THE ROUGH RIDERS.

Advance of the dismounted cavalry-Wheeler's reconnois-

sance-The country and the roads-Spaniards in ambush

-Plan of attack-The climb of the Rough Riders-Fight-

ing by both columns-A dangerous situation-Wood and

Roosevelt charge-The block-house taken-Fight of the

regulars-Incidents of the battle-Its results-A Spanish

comment.

238

CHAPTER XV.

THE BATTLE OF SANTIAGO.

--

The Cuban roads-A reconnoissance-The American posi-

tion and supplies-Condition of the troops-The lines of

the enemy-Shafter orders battle-The lines on July 1-

The balloon and its results-The Spanish positions at El

Caney and San Juan-The wire-clipping advance-guard

-Lack of artillery-Attack on the El Caney fort-The

Spanish rifle-pits-Chaffee's charge-Fort and town taken

-Exposure of the troops-Aguadores attacked-The

fight at San Juan-Advance of the troops-Wading the

San Juan-Grimes's battery at work-Exposure and loss

of the Americans-An impetuous charge-The hill taken

-Exhaustion of the men-The July 2 fight-The Span-

ish repulse-Dastardly work of guerillas-Positions on

the 3d-Shafter an invalid-Gallantry of the American

soldiers

PAGE

247

CHAPTER XVI.

THE FATE OF CERVERA'S FLEET.

The doings of the Terror-A larger blockade-The fight

at Manzanillo-The journey of Camara's squadron—An

eastern squadron formed-The guard on Santiago harbor

-Bombardment of July 1 and 2-Cervera's plan of escape

-Positions of American ships July 3—The flight of the

Spanish ships-Clearing for action-Rapid work of the

fleet-The hot fire on the Brooklyn-Terrific return—All

the fleet in action-The Maria Teresa on fire and beached

-Fate of the Almirante Oquendo-The Vizcaya in flames

-Chase of the Colon by the Brooklyn and Oregon-The

Colon beached-The Gloucester sinks the torpedo-boats

-Lessons from the battle-The effort to save the crews

-Work of the Iowa and the Gloucester-Admiral Cer-

vera on the Iowa-The Reina Mercedes sunk-Brave

deed of American sailors

267

CHAPTER XVII.

THE SIEGE AND FALL OF SANTIAGO.

The surrender of Santiago demanded and declined-Non-

combatants leave the city-Food supplied them—The

wounded seek Siboney-The refugees follow-Prepa-

rations for bombardment-The American lines-General

Toral's offer to capitulate "with honor"-Declined and

bombardment begins-Unconditional surrender refused

-A tropical rain-fall-General Miles arrives-The burn-

ing of Siboney-Shafter's offer to send the Spanish

soldiers back to Spain-Appeal of General Linares—

Toral accepts the terms-Basis of capitulation signed—

Correspondence-The territory surrendered-Entering

the harbor-Slight results of bombardment-Ceremonies

of the surrender-Toral's demeanor-Stars and Stripes

float over Santiago

PAGE

286

CHAPTER XVIII.

EVENTS AFTER THE SURRENDER.

Return of the refugees-Good feeling between the victors

and the vanquished-Castilian cunning-Cleansing the

city-Contempt for the Cubans-Garcia takes offence—

Shafter's explanation-Naval events-Capitulation of gar-

risons-A Spanish contract-The problem of the sunken

ships-The Santiago prison record-Condition of the

army-Treatment of the wounded-Their exposure to

the weather-Rapid increase of sickness-Dr. Senn's

statement-Testimony of Drs. McCook and Krauskopf—

The War Department order-Roosevelt's letter-The

Round Robin communication-The Porto Rico expe-

dition-Comments of the press-Convalescent camp-

Scandalous condition of the transports-State of affairs

at Camp Alger-Who was responsible?-Roosevelt and

Secretary Alger

307

CHAPTER XIX.

THE INVASION OF PORTO RICO.

Dominating influences in the war-The expedition to Porto

Rico-The Gloucester in the harbor of Guanica-The

town occupied-The port of Ponce surrenders-Welcome

to the American flag-The city of Ponce occupied--

Enthusiastic greeting-General Miles's proclamation-A

skirmish at Yauco-Business revives at Ponce-Mayor

Magia's proclamation-The military road mined-Change

of plan-Guayama taken-General Stone's advance-

Capture of Coama and its garrison—A fight near Maya-

guez-Cape San Juan-The advance on Aibonito-An

artillery duel-News of peace stops hostilities-An affair

at Manzanillo-The daring of the Mangrove-A shell in

the San Francisco

PAGE

334

CHAPTER XX.

THE SIEGE OF MANILA.

The Philippine rebels-Investment of Manila-General

Augustin in doubt-Aguinaldo's proclamations—A dec-

laration of independence-Desperate situation of the

Spaniards-Dewey's demeanor-A Ladrone island taken

-Attitude of the Germans-The Irene incident-Ameri-

can expeditions arrive-Want in the city-General Mer-

ritt arrives-An attack by the Spaniards-Their repulse—

The Monterey arrives-Notice sent General Jaudenes—

Surrender demanded and refused-Clearing for action—

The bombardment-Attack by the troops—A show of

resistance-The American flag floats over Manila-Terms

of surrender-Flight of Augustin-The final event of the

Singular character of the war-Its effect on the countries
concerned-Events in Spain-A revolution threatened—
The financial status of the United States-The loan and

PAGE

tax-Great development of commerce-The Hawaiian

annexation-Sailing of the Philadelphia-Admiral Miller

raises the flag-Attitude of the powers-Thoughts of

intervention-Great Britain's attitude-Spain's only hope

-The request for peace—M. Cambon represents Spain-

The terms accepted-A protocol prepared-Its text-The

ceremony of signing-The news sent around the world. 361

CHAPTER XXII.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS.

Hostile relations of natives and Spaniards-The future of

Cuba-The commission and its work-The demands of

the Philippine natives-Naval demonstration-Rewards

to the heroes-Proposed increase of the navy-A larger

army demanded—The treatment of the sick soldiers—

Effect of her colonial dominion on Spain-Possible benefit

from the loss of her colonies-The war but an incident

in United States history-The new position of this country

before the world-Its future mission

375