ORIENTAL

113 is well marked and easily followed in the daytime. It had a controlling depth of 11 feet (3.4 m) in January 1936.

The distances through the channel are as follows: Adams Creek entrance to north end of canal, 5 miles; to south end of canal, 101⁄2 miles; to Morehead City Bridge, 16 miles. Three drawbridges cross the channel, one with a clear opening 60 feet wide over the canal 1 mile from its south end, and the Morehead City railroad and highway bridges, which lie close together and have clear openings 50 feet wide.

From Core Creek Light No. 19 there is a dredged cut channel called Gallant Channel leading direct to Beaufort. Lights and buoys mark the channel, the east side of which bares at low water. It has a least width of 60 feet and had a depth of 10 feet (3.0 m) in January 1936. There is a tide staff at the north entrance on Core Creek Light now showing zero at low water and reading to 4 feet. Two drawbridges, close together, with clear width of 50 feet cross the channel near Beaufort.

Clubfoot Creek empties into Neuse River from southward about 14 miles above Neuse River Light. Clubfoot Creek Light is located in a depth of 6 feet (1.8 m), on the eastern side of the entrance. The channel in the entrance, southward of the light, is narrow, with shoals which rise abruptly on both sides. There is a depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) through the entrance, 7 feet (2.1 m) for 21⁄2 miles, and 5 feet (1.5 m) for 31⁄2 miles above Clubfoot Creek Light. North Harlowe is a post office on the west side of the creek, and there are two sawmills on the east side. From the creek there is a passage, good for a depth of 312 feet (1.0 m) at high water, through the Clubfoot Canal and Harlowe Creek to Beaufort Harbor. To enter Clubfoot Creek, pass 200 yards westward and southwestward of Clubfoot Creek Light, steer about 143° true (SE. by S. mag.), slightly favor the east bank until approaching the old mill wharves on the west side northward of Nitchell Creek, and then keep in midcreek.

Hancock Creek is on the south side of Neuse River, nearly 3 miles west-southwestward of Wilkinson Point Shoal Light. A depth of about 4 feet (1.2 m) can be taken into the creek. The entrance is marked by Hancocks Creek Buoy No. 2.

Slocum Creek is on the south side of Neuse River, 42 miles westward of Wilkinson Point Shoal Light. There is a depth of 42 feet (1.3 m) in the channel of the creek to the forks, a distance of 42 miles, and up the west branch for 211⁄2 miles farther to Havelock, a post office on the railroad. Slocum Creek Light marks the entrance, and otherwise the chart is the guide. Pass to eastward of the light. Beard Creek is on the northeast side of Neuse River, 4 miles northwestward of Wilkinson Point Shoal Light. A depth of 5 feet (1.5 m) can be taken about 412 miles up the creek to the county bridge. The entrance to Beard Creek is marked by Beard Creek Light, to be passed on the port hand in entering.

Goose Creek is on the northeast side of Neuse River, 6 miles below New Bern. A depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) can be taken about 411⁄2 miles up the creek.

Upper Broad Creek is on the northeast side of Neuse River, 5 miles below New Bern. A depth of 72 feet (2.3 m) can be taken about

10 miles up the creek to Tuly Landing, and 5 feet (1.5 m) about 1 mile farther to the head of navigation at the county bridge.

Neuse River above New Bern has a low-water depth of 4 feet (1.2 m) to a point 21 miles above, thence 212 feet (0.8 m) to the mouth of Contentnea Creek, and thence 1 foot (0.3 m) to Seven Springs, 65 miles above New Bern. The river above Maple Cypress is navigable only during freshet stages of more than 3 or 4 feet (0.9 or 1.2 m). Kinston is reached by light-draft vessels only during freshet stages of variable duration, extending over 6 or 8 months of the year.

Waynesboro Landing (Goldsboro), 85 miles above New Bern, is practically the head of navigation, the river being occasionally cleared of obstructions to that point. Boats have gone up as far as Smithfield, 130 miles above New Bern.

Swift Creek, a branch of Neuse River 7 miles above New Bern, has been cleared of obstructions for a distance of 12 miles to the village of Vanceboro, the head of navigation, and has minimum width of 50 feet and a depth of 5 feet (1.5 m) or more.

Contentnea Creek, a branch of the Neuse River, 28 miles above New Bern, is now obstructed by a shoal at its mouth and is no longer navigable.

Trent River empties into the Neuse at the southern end of the city of New Beran. In 1936 there was a controlling depth of 12 feet (3.7 m) in the water-front channel (New Bern) at the mouth of Trent River, thence 6 feet (1.8 m) to Polloksville, thence 312 feet (1.1 m) to Trenton. At New Bern the river is crossed by two bridges with draws about 35 feet wide.

Tides. There are practically no tides, the variations in water level being due principally to winds. Easterly winds cause high water and westerly winds low water, the maximum variations with heavy gales amounting to about 2 feet above or below the normal in the lower part of the river and about 3 or 4 feet at New Bern. Freshets of 10 to 20 feet occur in the upper reaches of the river above New Bern, but have little effect at and below the town.

DIRECTIONS, NEUSE RIVER

Pamlico Sound to New Bern.-Directions through Pamlico Sound to Neuse River are given on page 104. The following directions are good for a depth of 11 feet (3.4 m) to New Bern:

Having come to a position 1 mile westward of Point of Marsh Light, as directed on page 104, make good a 238° true (SW. by W. 5% W. mag.) course for 91/2 miles, passing about 1 mile south of Neuse River Light, 1/4 mile southward of Gum Thicket Shoal Buoy 24, to a position 1/4 mile westward of Garbacon Shoal Lighted Buoy 1A.

Then steer 2372° true (SW. by W. 2 W. mag.) for 5 miles, giving the north shore a berth of about 1 mile, and then steer 255° true (W. % S. mag.) for 22 miles to a position about 1/4 mile south of Wilkinson Point Shoal Light. Then steer 290° true (NW. by W. % W. mag.) for 72 miles to Otter Creek Light.

Pass 50 yards eastward of Otter Creek Light and steer 319° true (NW. 3⁄4 Ñ. mag.) for 17% miles, passing eastward of spar buoys

DIRECTIONS, NEUSE RIVER

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marking the dredged cut and to a position 50 yards eastward of Hampton Shoal Light.

A vessel reports grounding in Neuse River about 1 mile south. of Hampton Shoal and 150 yards northeast of the dredged channel. A depth of 6 feet (1.8 m) was found. Vessels should follow the dredged channel carefully.

Then steer 332° true (NNW. % W. mag.) for 334 miles, heading for Fort Point Channel Light, passing 150 yards eastward of Johnston Point Light.

Pass 150 yards southwestward of Fort Point Channel Light and steer 277° true (W. by N. mag.) for Lower Green Spring Light to a position 100 feet southwestward of Fort Point Channel Buoy No. 12.

Then steer 304° true (NW. 5% W. mag.) for a standpipe in the western part of New Bern until up with Upper Green Spring Light. Pass 50 yards westward of this light and steer 332° true (NNW. 1 W. mag.) for a square brick stack at the southeasterly end of New Bern.

A buoyed channel 300 feet wide leads northward in Neuse River close to the wharves on the eastern side of the city until above the second drawbridge. Anchorage can be had on the south side of the city, in the mouth of Trent River, below the first bridge, in 10 to 18 feet (3.0 to 5.5 m).

Directions, Adams Creek and Adams Creek Canal-Neuse River to Beaufort Harbor.-The Intracoastal Waterway follows this route and directions are given fully in the Inside Route Pilot, New York to Key West.

CORE SOUND

(Chart 421),

Core Sound is a narrow and shoal body of water extending along and just inside the beach for a length of 27 miles, from the south end of Pamlico Sound to a point inside Cape Lookout. At its western end Core Sound joins a similar body of water, known as Back Sound, and a narrower body north of Harkers Island, known as the Straits, both of which connect with Beaufort Harbor and Inlet, forming an inland waterway for boats of 7 feet (2.1 m) draft between Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, about 5 miles shorter than the deeper route by way of Neuse River and Adams Creek.

Core Sound varies in width from 2 to 3 miles and has a general southwesterly trend. It is nearly filled with shoal banks, over which the depth ranges from 2 to 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 m); but an improved channel, well marked by lights, with a controlling depth of 7 feet (2.1 m), winds through the sound. The bars are situated as follows: Harbor Island Bar, at the entrance of Pamlico Sound; Piney Point Bar, off Piney Point, about 15 miles down the sound; and Yellow Shoal, off Bells Point, 6 miles farther southwestward.

A channel 7 feet (2.1 m) deep has been dredged through Taylors Creek from Lenoxville Point, at the western end of the Straits, close along the mainland inside a row of marshy islands to the wharves at Beaufort.

Wainwright Slue is a small anchorage at the entrance to Core Sound about 1 mile eastward of Harbor Island Bar Light. It is

marked by two buoys, and shelter from the sea is afforded by the surrounding shoals, which have from 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 m) over them. The depths range from 9 to 19 feet (2.7 to 5.8 m), and vessels anchor in the entrance, or farther in so as to get the best protection from the sea. Entrance to the eastern end of Core Sound is now made through Wainwright Slue and the dredged channel east of Wainwright Island.

Thorofare Bay, on the north side of Core Sound, is connected with Cedar Island Bay by the Thorofare, a dredged canal with a width of 60 feet and a controlling depth of 42 feet (1.4 m). This forms a boat route into Pamlico Sound near the mouth of Neuse River. This waterway is used by local fishermen, and local knowledge is necessary for its navigation, as there are shoals at the canal entrances and the channel is narrow. Thorofare East Light marks the entrance to the canal at the west end of Thorofare Bay. Pass close to and west of the light. There is a 2-foot (0.6 m) shoal in midcanal about 1/4 mile westward of the cable ferry. The channel passes north of this shoal.

Atlantic is a small settlement on the north side of Core Sound about 2 miles westward of the entrance to Thorofare Bay. A mail boat passes through Core Sound daily from Atlantic to Portsmouth and Ocracoke. There is highway connection to Beaufort.

Back Sound trends about westward from Core Sound for 6 miles to Beaufort Harbor and varies in width from over 2 miles to 1/2 mile. Passage to Core Sound, except for very light draft boats, is blocked by a shoal at the junction of the two sounds, over which there is but 312 feet (1.0 m) of water.

The Straits parallel Back Sound north of Harkers Island and Middle Marshes and offer a through deep passage from Core Sound to the western end of Back Sound. The width is from 3% to 34 mile, but the clear channel is only 100 yards at places. The channel is well marked by lights.

Marshallburg is a small town at the eastern end of The Straits. There are several small wharves, and gasoline and some supplies may be obtained. There is telephone connection and a highway leads to Beaufort.

Tidal currents of 1 to 2 knots may be found in the lower part of Core Sound. It has been reported that an inlet has formed through Portsmouth Bank and that a rise and fall of about 1 foot of tide is now experienced in Core Sound.

Directions, Pamlico Sound to Beaufort Harbor by way of Core Sound.The depths of Core Sound are affected by the winds; northerly and northeasterly winds cause high water and westerly and southwesterly winds low water. Improvement of the route by the dredging of channels across the shoals has made it possible for a draft of 7 feet (2.1 m) to be carried through the sounds from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort Harbor. The channel is well marked by lights; the aids must be relied upon to keep the best water. As a general rule run from light to light. Chart 421 is the best guide. The route through Adams Creek Canal is preferred.

From a position 200 yards off Bluff Shoal Slue Buoy No. 1 steer 230° true (SW. % W. mag.) for 634 miles to a position 1 mile west of Royal Shoal northwest unused lighthouse (old tower). Then head

for Harbor Island Bar Light on course 19312° true (S. by W. 34 W. mag.) and continuing on course for 6.6 miles to a position with Hodges Reef Light bearing 90° true (E. 2 S. mag.).

Then steer 173° true (S. 1% E. mag.) for 21⁄2 miles to the entrance to Wainwright Slue.

Entering Wainwright Slue be guided by the beacons and lights through the slue and the dredged channel east of Wainwright Island to the deeper waters of Core Sound. The dredged channel is narrow but the edges of the cut are visible.

In calm weather a draft of 42 feet (1.4 m) can be carried over the bar westward of the entrance to Wainwright Slue by keeping Harbor Island Light on range with the house on Harbor Island, passing about 100 feet west of the light and heading for a position about 150 yards northwest of Goulds Lump Light.

From a position about 150 yards northwest of Goulds Lump Light steer about 190° true (S. by W. 3% W. mag.) to East Drum Shoal Light; thence about 256° true (W. 34 S. mag.) for 13 miles to West Drum Shoal Light; thence about 217° true (SW. 3 S. mag.) for 15% miles to Lewis Creek Light; thence 226° true (SW. 12 W. mag.) for 32 miles to White Point Light; Halls Point Light is left 1/4 mile to starboard on this course.

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Pass through the dredged cut to a position about 100 yards north of Atlantic Light. The spoil bank at the south edge of the channel is visible in clear weather. Then steer 222° true (SW. % W. mag.) for 23% miles, passing Steep Point Light, and to Mill Point Light; thence 265° true (W. mag.) for % mile to Nelson Bay Light; thence 220° true (SW. mag.) for 1 miles to Piney Point Light.

From Piney Point Light the channel trends west by south (magnetic) for 1/2 mile to Bretts Point Light; thence through a dredged channel through the shoals to Kings Point Light. Stakes were visible on the south spoil bank in 1935.

From Kings Point Light the channel trends 205° true (SSW. 5% W. mag.) for 334 miles, passing Davis Shore Light and to Davis Island Light.

Thence 244° true (WSW. 8 W. mag.) for 1% miles passing through the dredged channel to Jarretts Bay Light. Stakes were visible in 1935 on the south side of the cut.

From Jarretts Bay Light the dredged channel trends 157° true (S. by E 5% E. mag.) for 114 miles to Bells Point Light. Stakes were visible on the east side of the cut near Jarretts Bay Light.

From Bells Point Light the channel trends 244° true (WSW. 1% W. mag.) and across the shoal through a dredged cut to Straits Entrance Light, and continues westward through the Straits. The channel is narrow but well marked by lights. Marshallburg is a small town at the eastern end of the Straits. A vehicle ferry runs from Gloucester Point to the settlement of Harkers Island in Westmouth Bay.

From Westmouth Bay Light head for a point about 200 yards off the northwest point of Harkers Island. When abreast of this point pass through the dredged cut east of North River Light. From North River Light the channel crosses in a south-southwest direction to Shepherd Shoal Light, thence westward to Middle Marshes Light, thence west-by-north to Taylors Creek East Light, at the entrance to