As As regards our former criticisms on the volume, we find that the Earl of Donoughmore's eldest son is still called Lord Suirdale, although the editor does not give us any information as to when or how this title was created. On the other hand, we are glad to see that Alexander of Dublin, Baronet, has now got his proper crest allotted to him. regards the engravings of the coats of arms, we much regret the gradual disappearance of the steel engravings and the increase of the woodblocks. pears in the case of Queen Alexandra's arms, A bad example of the wood-block apwhich are so complicated as here represented that it is almost beyond the reach of ordinary patience to ascertain what they are. which is not only delightful, but in this particular in fact with every honour and decoration conconnexion of real and peculiar assistance. The ferred by the King. It appears to us to be edited details of fact, historical and other, are well with care, and it must take a great deal of trouble chosen, as little hackneyed as may be, and in the course of the year to bring a book of well worked into the texture of the fabric. Some reference like this completely up to date. errors, still more or less current, are once more corrected, such as that concerning the significance of a cross-legged effigy. In a few cases we find ourselves partially out of agreement with Mr. Lamborn. His theory, throughout, is that the development of architecture is fundamentally analogous to the evolutionary development of organisms. This is a tempting, but, we believe, a misleading comparison. Heartily at one with him in tracing back beauty of form to constructional necessity, and the passage from beauty to beauty to the discovery of new, or the new application of familiar, principles, we yet detect in him the common blindness of the evolutionist to the fact that, after all, the human worker is a conscious being, and that, if he stumble We note that the Guide to Precedence is still upon some discovery almost unawares, or follow-retained, although it is a feature that must give ing mere necessity, he can use it. once made, rise to endless trouble in keeping it up to date, with more intentions than one. Thus, for ex- and is, so far as we can see, of little use to any one. ample, we do not see how the medieval designer It occupies, in a rather crowded volume, no fewer of the church with transepts can have failed to than 180 pages. In looking up a friend of ours perceive that the design ended in the form of a cross, or can have failed to take great pleasure 62,200 odd in order of precedence; and looking who is a lady nobly descended, we find she is in perceiving it, whence, doubtless, a joyful up a gentleman who is a well-known knight comrepetition of the design, and that with emphasis. panion, we find that he is 39,500 odd. Mr. Lamborn, discoursing on this matter, has a can be the use of this information to the general note saying: Moreover, the Cross of Calvary public? was probably a Tau," which is surely out of place in connexion with mediæval ideas. 66 Mr. Lamborn has some remarks on Renaissance work in Oxford which seem to us insufficiently considered, as also do some-not by any means all of the rather petulant reflections on things in general with which his pages are interspersed. The illustrations, most of them quite satisfactory, and forming a well-chosen body, include one or two examples of that rather common modern blemish of the photograph from a dark interior which really illustrates nothing; and they do not include St. Mary's spire. With this we have exhausted our list of complaints, and have only, in conclusion, to congratulate Mr. Lamborn upon the accomplishment of this good and instructive bit of work. Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 1913. Seventy- WE have received this valuable book of reference The volume, as usual, gives full particulars of every titled family, not only of the actual holder of the title, but of all previous holders and of all possible successors. The publishers claim that it is the only work which does this. In addition to the hereditary honours, it deals with the personal honours of Privy Councillors, Knights, and Companions of Orders, What We congratulate Mr. Ashworth Burke on his the death of the Duke of Fife in January last interesting Preface, which points out that upon some of his titles may be dormant or in abeyance, that the official Roll of Baronets may be forthwhile others become extinct. He also tells us coming this year. are possessed of this volume of reference to read We should advise those who Mr. Ashworth Burke's Preface which will give them somewhat of a summary of the important events of the year in the Peerage, and also notes on the most interesting deaths and creations therein. Notices to Correspondents. WE beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print, and to this rule we can make no exception. ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." COL. HAINES desires to thank C. M. (Warrington) for the answer which appeared ante, p. 17. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 25, 1913. CONTENTS.-No. 161. G. E. C., that most courteous of correspondents, now, alas! no longer with us, asked for the name of Sarah's mother, and the date and place of her marriage with Thomas Hoggins. The Hoggins family came to Bolas after NOTES:-The Lord of Burleigh and Sarah Hoggins, 61 1687, and shortly before 1694, when John "Cisere Weold Creacum": Widsith,' 62- Statues and Memorials in the British Isles, 64-" Burgee," 65Hoggins was residing at Bolas Heath. Bishops' Transcripts Shakespeariana: "Entrance" Where he came from I have not yet been The Mystery of Edwin Drood,' 66-Baccara-"The able to ascertain, but he married at Waters Wen": a Curiosity of Indexing "The Gold Lion in Lombard Street-"Morrye-house," 67-" Night-cap," 68. Upton, on 1 Dec., 1694, Mary Ansell of that QUERIES:-Top- Compounds -- "Topping of the land"parish. She bore him four children and The late Edward Solly and The Dunciad,' 68--Claren- was buried at Bolas 7 July, 1708. Five don's Essay on War-The Axe and the Sandal Tree-months later, on 27 Dec., 1708, he married Hayter's Trial of Queen Caroline': Dover HouseBainbridge: Goring: Gifford-Vicars of St. John the Baptist, Little Missenden, 69- Andreas Müller of Greiffenhagen - Charles Family Constance Kent Medal-John Walker-Irish Companies-Biographical Information Wanted-Richard Andrewes-Place-Names -Napoleon as Historian, 70—"Tonnagium," 71. REPLIES:-"Sex horas somno"- Galignani, 71-"To carry one's life in one's hands"- Octagonal Meeting Houses--Words on a Sampler-Botany, 72-The Inquisition in Fiction and Drama-Pepys's Diary: an Error in Transcription, 73-Hymn by Gladstone-The Terminal "ac"-"Cheev":"Cheever"-" Apium," 74-Napoleon's Imperial Guard-Sir John Greville of Binton, 75-TheText of Shakespeare's Sonnets-Epitaph at Harrington, 76-The Stones of London-Wreck of the Royal GeorgeThe Curfew Bell-Replica of Wilkie's Village Politicians,' 77-References Wanted--Propitiatory SacrificeBoy Bishops, 78. THE LORD OF BURLEIGH AND (See 7 S. xii. 221, 281, 309, 457, 501; IN 1891 and 1892 MR. W. O. WOODALL contributed to N. & Q.' a series of papers which give the most accurate account yet printed of this marriage, and contradict a good many inaccuracies which have been repeated in the popular versions of the story, as, for instance, in that recorded in Mr. E. Walford's Tales of our Great Families.' Having recently been engaged in seeing through the press the Parish Registers of Great Bolas, issued by the Shropshire Parish Register Society, I can supplement MR. WOODALL's papers with some additional facts, especially with reference to the Hoggins family. at Bolas a second wife, Margaret Adney; she was buried 25 Aug., 1727. John Hoggins served the office of churchwarden in 1711, and was living in 1727; but I have not found the record of his burial, unless he were the "John Hoggins, a poor man,' who was buried at Bolas on 4 March, 1744/5. By his first wife he had issue : (1) John, baptized 18 Sept., and buried 3 Oct., 1695. (2) Mary, baptized 2 March, 1696/7. (3) Thomas, baptized 18 Feb., 1701/2. (4) John, baptized 23 Aug., and buried 25 Dec., 1705. Thomas Hoggins, the third child and only surviving son, was churchwarden of Bolas in 1734, and was buried there 6 Aug., 1752. He married Sarah, daughter of Henry Bucknall by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. John Snelson, curate of Westonunder - Red Castle. She was buried at Bolas on 28 Feb., 1753, and her will, dated 25 Feb., 1753, was proved at Lichfield on 8 May, 1754. She leaves all to her son Thomas, he to pay 101. to her other children, An, Sara, William, and Margret, at their age of 21, and to maintain Elizabeth Bateman for her life; and she appoints John Eddowes and her son Thomas executors. They had issue seven children : (1) Thomas, baptized 7 Nov., 1730. (Sarah's father.) (2) Anne, baptized 9 Nov., 1732. (3) John, baptized 27 Dec., 1734; buried 27 Feb., 1735/6. (4) Sarah, baptized 21 Feb., 1736/7; buried 19 Aug., 1763. (5) William, baptized 13 Aug., 1741. (6) Richard, baptized 11 May, 1744; buried 17 April, 1746. (7) Margaret, baptized 2 Feb., 1746/7. Thomas Hoggins, the eldest child, lived at the old Rectory House at Bolas (long since pulled down), and was overseer in 1785 and 1794. He was twice married : first, on 25 June, 1755, to Sarah Eddowes There were, then, living, when Mr. “John (who was buried 31 May, 1760), and secondly, Jones came to Bolas in 1788 or 1789, on 6 Nov., 1768, to Jane Bayley, who is Sarah, the eldest child, then scarcely 16, said to have been the daughter of a clergy- and five younger children, James, the man, and who died shortly before her hus- youngest, being but 5 years old. band, and was buried 27 March, 1796. By his first wife he had two children : (1) Isabell, baptized 1 April, 1756. (2) Mary, baptized 17 April, 1759; married 13 Nov., 1780, to Moses Sillitoe of Edgmond, and buried there on 16 May, 1786. By his second wife, Jane Bayley, Thomas Hoggins had ten other children : (3) John, baptized 1 Jan., 1770, and buried the same year. (4) Ann, baptized 7 July, 1771; buried 12 July, 1772. (5) Sarah. baptized 28 June, Countess of Exeter. 1773, (6) William, baptized 29 Jan., 1775, Captain in the 26th Regiment, and afterwards in the 92nd Regiment; lost on the Aurora, transport No. 229, with troops going to Holland, on the Goodwin Sands in 1805. (7) John, baptized 25 May, 1777; edu. cated at Bridgnorth, School; a farmer at Micklewood, Shropshire, 1801 to 1850, and afterwards of the Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury. He married at Wistanstow, on 27 May, 1802. Ann, daughter of Thomas Beddoes of Cheney Longville (she died 7 Aug., 1846, aged 66, and was buried on the 11th at Wistanstow), and had issue ten children, all baptized at Leebotwood, and all now deceased. He died at Shrewsbury 15 March, 1857, and was buried on the 19th at Wistanstow. (8) Ann, baptized 13 March, 1779; married A. Hodge, and died at Tortola 29 Nov., 1808, leaving three children. (9) Thomas, born 1 Nov. and baptized 4 Nov., 1781, Captain in the 84th Regiment; died about 1810. (10) Jane, baptized 3 July, and buried 6 July, 1783. (11) James, born 2 Dec., and baptized 5 Dec., 1784; educated at Shrewsbury School and St. John's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1811; Vicar of Elham, Kent, 1834; died at Micklewood whilst on a visit to his brother John, 10 Aug., 1845, and was buried on the 19th at Wistanstow. (12) Richard, baptized 11 March, and buried 15 May, 1787. All these baptisms, marriages, and burials took place at Bolas, except where otherwise stated. Thomas Hoggins, Sarah's father, was buried at Bolas on 1 May, 1796, and administration of his effects was granted by the Bishop's Registry at Lichfield on 27 May, 1796, to his daughter Sarah, Countess of Exeter, "who resided within the diocese of London." The sureties wer Evan Foulkes of Southampton Street. Covent Garden, gentleman (the Earl's solicitor), and Thomas Walford of Bolton Street, Piccadilly, gentleman. There are no tombstones or memorial tablets to the Hoggins family now existing in the church or churchyard of Bolas. W. G. D. FLETCHER, F.S.A. Oxon Vicarage, Shrewsbury. (To be continued.) "CASERE WEOLD CREACUM ALL students of Widsith' assert that mid Casere can no better se be Winburge geweald ahte (I was) with Cæsarius who had the rule of Winburg,* of Willa's Island and the Willas, and of Gaul." The O.E. names of Gaul were *Walland' 66 (Anglian) and Wealland (West Saxon). * The scribe of the Exeter Book preferred the Scriptural reference conveyed by the plural, and miswrote winburga, "of the joyous cities." Winburg is Binchester, the Vinovium of Antonine and the Joyous Garde of Arthurian legend, sc. Corbin. 66 The southern scribe did not understand Walarices," otherwise he would have made it true to his own dialect. I shall now show who Widsith's Casere really was. that 66 on his way back to Gaul by Rechila, King Hermeric's son, in time of peace, and compelled to surrender. In 448 Count Censorius was murdered among the Wisigoths by one of their nobles. The correctness of Hydatius's spelling, as I have remarked already, cannot be impugned. Censorius is as truly Latin as Cæsarius is. Moreover, Hydatius was Spaniard, and could not have had any dialectal reason for altering the form of the Count's name. On the other hand, Fredegar was a Frank, and, as some of the Franks were Old Low Franconian, the question of It was possible, dialect becomes insistent. In the Chronica' of Fredegar* (cap. 51), at the twenty-fourth year of Theodosius (=A.D. 448), we may read that the Count Cæsarius was slain at Seville by a Gothic nobleman named Agyulf. But in Hydatius's Continuatio Chronicorum Hieronymianorum,' at the same regnal year, we are told "Censorius was slain by Agiulf' at Seville, and no title is given him. Hydatius, however, mentions Censorius five times, namely, capp. 98 and 121 as comes and legatus (Aëtii); capp. 100 and 139 by name only; and cap. 111 as legatus (Aëtii). Consequently we cannot find fault with Fredegar. for adding comes to the name of the murdered man. On the other hand, Englishman Layamon gives us Mustesar Hydatius knew Count Censorius very well, (the MSS. have ofustesar, I believe). Now as I shall show presently; hence we cannotes for éns is in exact conformity with the presume to correct him as to the spelling tendency of all northern Teutonic dialects of the Count's name. It is indisputable to reject the contact -ns-, found in Gothic that both Hydatius and Fredegar referred to the same official, and it should seem that Fredegar's report was not dependent upon Hydatius. Now in 417/18 the Wisigothic king Waila, the Wala of Widsith, drove the Suevi into the mountains of Galicia. Their depredations were serious and persistent, and in 431 Bishop Hydatius undertook a mission on behalf of the provincials to the Duke Aëtius. While he was away from his see a Wisigoth named Weto visited Galicia, but had to go back to his own people without effecting his object. What that was Hydatius does not explain. In the following year Aëtius sent Count Censorius as his legate to the Suevi, and Hydatius journeyed back to Galicia in the legate's company. In 433, after Censorius had returned to the palace, the peace made between Hermeric, King of the Suevi, and the Galicians is mentioned. In 437 Censorius and Fretimundus are sent as ambassadors to the Suevi, and peace is renewed. In 440 Censorius, who had been sent a third time to the Suevi, was blockaded The Chronicæ' and Epitome were edited by Dr. Bruno Krusch in 1888, in Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum,' II. (in 'Mon. Germ. Hist.'), from, inter al., Codex Parisinus, No. 10,910. Fredegar flourished c. 650, and the Paris MS. was transcribed about fifty years later. The Continuatio' was edited by Theodore Mommsen in his Chronica Minora,' II. p. 22, from, inter al., Codex Phillipps., No. 1829, of the ninth century. Hydatius (Lemicensis), Bishop of Chaves, flourished č. 450. 66 for instance, for the Welshman, Geoffrey "favour 66 66 and Alemanic (which include Suevic), and Casarius. The first is a metaphony of ence between the names Censorius and some Gothic, Alemanic, or Suevic proper name with -ns-; the second is a metaphony of the Low German representative of that name, without -n-, and with compensatory lengthening of the vowel. tun," 66 66 Now what Teutonic personal name woula As far as its stem yield these resultants? is concerned I find it in Kens- in "Kensing-ton." In Domesday Book we get Chensi," which stands for Chensintun, with Croucin-go Alemanic gen. sing. Cf. "of Ravennas. This means the "Gou of Crouc." Old High German Crouc-O.E. Creac-.' Cf. also *Croginden > Croinden> Croydon, in Surrey. Crouc- represents an earlier Croug-,. i.e., Crōgo, the name of the Alemanic king who was so helpful to the young Constantine in Britain, in 306, on the death of Constantius Chlorus; v. the Epitome' of Sextus Aurelius Victor, § Constantine.' ་ when the inspired thunder rolled also, and left us to disperse in silence and under a sharp torrent of rain." An Alemanic or Suevic *Cens-ari would yield the Censorius of Hydatius (who lived in close proximity to the Suevi), as well as the Căsărius of Fredegar (who may have Wellington, Somerset.-On the summit of been a Low Franconian), and the Casère the Black Downs an obelisk was erected The foundation stone of Widsith (who was an Angle). In the in 1817. was laid Old English dialects the ái, æ, ei of Conti- by Lord Somerville in October of that nental dialects were regularly represented year. The shaft is placed on a broad base by a. So, too, were O.S. and O.H.G. ēnot unlike a blockhouse. Some Waterloo in certain positions. ordnance, intended to be placed near it. have remained on the quay at Exeter until the present day, being mostly used was lately mooring-posts. A movement set on foot for the recovery of these guns. Casere, then, who ruled over the descendants of Crōgo the Aleman, i.e., the Creacas, and who was possessed of the government of Gaul, according to Widsith, is none other than the Count Cæsarius of Fredegar, the Count Censorius of the Galician bishop Hydatius. The reason why Count Cen sorius was sent three times to the Suevi of Galicia by Aëtius may be the close relationship between Alemans and Suevi; and Widsith, who knew Attila, may well have visited Count Cæsarius, who was assassinated by an hereditary enemy of the Suevic race in 448. ALFRED ANSCOMBE. as Manchester. In front of the Royal Infirmary, Piccadilly, a memorial of the Duke of Wellington was unveiled on 30 Aug., 1856. It was designed by Matthew Noble, and consists of a bronze statue of Wellington 13 ft. high, standing on a granite pedestal 19 ft. high. At the base are grouped four subordinate figures representing_Valour, Wisdom, Victory, and Peace. It erected by voluntary contributions at a cost of about 7,000l. At the inauguraţion it was handed over by Alderman Robert Barnes, on behalf of the subscribers, to the STATUES AND MEMORIALS IN THE Mayor and Corporation of Manchester. BRITISH ISLES. (See 10 S. xi. 441; xii. 51, 114, 181, 401; SOLDIERS (continued). ton have been erected. Below I record several of the more important memorials. (See alsɔ 9 S. xi. 447; 10 S. ix. 1, 283; x. 123.) Edinburgh. A bronze equestrian statue on a pedestal of Peterhead syenite is placed in front of the Register House. It is the work of Sir John Steell, and cost 10,000l. being inaugurated on Waterloo Day, 18 June, 1852. The Duke not only gave special sittings to the sculptor, but mounted and rode his charger in order to give a correct representation of his seat in the saddle. He was so entirely satisfied with the modelling of his own bust that he ordered two replicas · one for Apsley House, and the other for Eton. Lord Cockburn describes the unveiling ceremony in his Memorials': "The cheers, when the canvas dropped and disclosed the statue....were very fine; and before they had ceased the guns of the Castle roared; and scarcely had they done their best, was Liverpool.-In May, 1863, the Wellington Memorial in the London Road was inaugurated. It was executed from designs by Mr. Lawson of Glasgow, and took two years to erect. It consists of a base of three granite steps; on this is placed a cast from cannon Strathfieldsaye, Hants. Here was inaugurated in 1866 a column 82 ft. high, |