hinhda, at the same instant; said of guns fired off at the same time.

i-yo'-ki-hna-ka, v. a. of okihnaka; to put or

place in together,―iyowakihnaka.

i-yo-ki'-ka, v. a. to forbid, hinder. Same as iyokiśni.

i-yo'-ki-ni-han, adj. honored for. i-yo'-ki-ni-han-yan, adv. honorably. i-yo'-ki-pi, v. a. to please, be pleasing to,―iyo

wakipi, iyounkipipi, iyoćićipi.

i-yo'-ki-pi, v. n. to be pleased with, to like,―iyomakipi, iyonićipi, iyounkipipi.

i-yo'-ki-pi-ya, v. a. to please, cause to be pleased, -iyokipiwaya, iyokipiunyanpi, iyokipimayaŋ. i-yo'-ki-pi-ya, adv. delightfully, pleasantly. i-yo'-ki-pta, v. pos. of iyopta; to go towards home; to advance, go on, make progress in any business of one's own,-iyomakipta, iyonićipta. i-yo'-ki-se, n. of okise; the half of any thing

cut in two.

i-yo'-ki-si-ća, v. n. to be sad, sorry, grieved,—

iyomakiśića, iyonićiśića, iyounkiśićapi: waćin iyokiśića, to be displeased with, have one's mind made sad by,-waćin iyowakiśića. i-yo'-ki-si-ća-pi, n. sadness, sorrow. i-yo'-ki-si-ća-ya, v. a. to make sad, to sadden. See iyokiśinya.

i-yo'-ki-si-ća-ya, adv. sadly.

i-yo'-ki-sin, cont. of iyokiśića; iyokiśin wauŋ. i-yo'-ki-sin-ya, v. a. to sadden, grieve, displease, disappoint,-iyokiśinwaya, iyokiśinunyanpi, iyokiśinmayaŋ.

i-yo'-ki-sin-ya, adv. in a manner producing sadness, sadly.

i-yo-ki'-śni, v. a. to forbid, prevent, hinder,

iyowakiśni, iyouŋkipiśni, iyomakiśni, iyoćićiśni. i-yo'-ki-ta-he-dan, adv. between. i-yo'-ki-tan-in, n. of otanin; manifestation. i-yo'-ki-tan-in-yan, adv. manifestly. i'-yo-ki-win, v. a. to make a motion with the mouth, to gesture to one with the mouth,-iyowakiwin.

i'-yo-ki-yu-sde-ća, v. n. of yusdeća; to split in two, be divided in customs.

i'-yo-ki-yu-sden, cont. of íyokiyusdeća; divided in customs: íyokiyusden unyakonpi, we are in a divided state.

i-yo'-ko-hnag, cont. See iyokihnag. i'-yo-ko-pe-ya, adv. opposite to, beyond, in sight: mde íyokopeya wanka, it lies beyond the lake. i'-yo-kos, adv. in the meantime. i'-yo-ko-san, adv. in the meantime. i-yo'-kpa-ni, v. n. to lack, be wanting; to be less than, not enough; to fail, not to reach in time, not to accomplish,-iyowakpani, iyounkpanipi. i-yo'-kpa-ni-ya, v. a. to cause to lack, etc.,— iyokpaniwaya.

i-yo'-kpa-ni-yan, adv. lacking, failing of. i-yo'-ko-pa, n. the board on which a Dakota child is fastened.

i-yo'-mda-ye, n. of omdaye; a plain extending from, as from a hill.

i-yo'-mni, n. a sheltered place, a harbor. i-yo'-mni-na, n. a sheltered place, a harbor. i-yo'-mni-yan, adv. in a sheltered place. i-yo'-mni-yen, adv. leisurely. See iwomniyen. i-yo'-mni-ye-tu, adv. slowly, carefully. See iwomniyetu.

i-yo'-o-pta, adv. through, beyond. i-yo'-o-pta-i-ya-ya, v. to go by or beyond, go on further; to go through, pass through. i-yo'-o-pta-i-ya-ya-pi, n. See iyooptaiyeyapi. i-yo'-o-pta-i-ye-ya-pi, n. a purge, a cathartic,

as rhubarb, salts, oil, etc.

i-yo'-o-pta-ya, v. n. to pass on, go beyond. i'-yo-pa-stag, cont. of íyopastaka: íyopastag waun, I am exciting.

i'-yo-pa-stag-ya, adv. encouragingly. i'-yo-pa-sta-ka, v. a. to excite, incite, encourage, -iyowapaśtaka, íyouŋpaśtakapi, iyomapaśtaka, íyoćipaśtaka.

i-yo'-pa-ta, v. a. to patch, sew a piece on,-iyowapata, iyounpatapi.

i-yo'-pa-zaŋ, v. a. to put into the mouth; to put in around the waist; to load, as a gun,-iyowa

pazan.

i-yo'-pa-zan, n. something to bind or hold in, as a ferrule; the brass ring that holds in the ramrod of a gun; the ramrod itself; the bore of a gun.

i-yo'-pe-i-çi-ya, v. reflex. of iyopeya; to blame oneself, reprove oneself; to repent, change oneself; to sell oneself,-iyopemiçiya, iyopeuŋkiçiyapi. i-yo'-pe-i-ḍi-ya-pi, n. a blaming oneself, repent

ance.

i-yo'-pe-ki-ya, v. a. to reprove, chide, scold; to correct, punish; to change for something else, exchange,-iyopewakiya, iyopeunkiyapi, iyopemakiya, iyopećićiya.

i-yo'-pe-ya, v. a. to chide, reprove; to correct, punish; to give in exchange for, barter,-iyopewaya, iyopeunyanpi.

i-yo'-pta-i-ye-ya-pi, n. a purge, cathartic; i. q. iyooptaiyeyapi.

i-yo'-pte-ya, v. n. to have acquired some skill,

made some progress,―iyoptewaya. i-yo'-pu-hdi, n. wadding for a gun. i-yo'-pu-hdi-ya, v. a. to use for gun-wadding. i-yo'-pu-ski-ća, n. a ramrod. i-yos'. See heniyos.

i-yos'-na-na. See heniyosnana.

i-yo'-śni-ża, v. n. to be blinded by the sun or snow,-iyomaśnića. See iśtośnića.

i-yo'-stan, n. of ośtan; something pushed into the mouth of any thing, a vial-cork, a stopper. See iośtan.

i-yo'-stan-pi, n.

a cork, a stopper. i-yo'-ta-he-dan, adv. between: unkiyotahedan, between us.

i-yo'-ta-he-pi, adv. between one place and another.

i-yo'-ta-kons, cont. of iyotakonza; opposite to, over against.

i-yo'-ta-kons-ya, adv. even with, opposite to. i-yo'-ta-kon-za, adv. opposite to, over against; even with.

i-yo'-tan, adj. great, greater, greatest, chief; used in comparing one thing with another,imayotan, iniyotan, unkiyotanpi.

i-yo'-tan, adv. most, very: iyotan waste, very good, the best; iyotan ksapa, the wisest; iyotan sića, the worst. See also iyotaniyekiya. i-yo'-tan-da, v. See iyotandaka. i-yo'-tan-da-ka, v. a. to esteem most, value most

highly, iyotan wadaka.

i'-yo-tang, cont. of iyotanka; íyotang hiyeya. i'-yo-tang-ki-ya, v. a. to cause to sit down,— iyotangwakiya.

i-yo'-tan-han, adv. very much. Same as iyotan. See iyotan haniyekiya.

i-yo'-tan-han-i-ye-ki-ya, v. a. to have trouble, have a hard time, have difficulty; to trouble, make difficulty or hardship for another,―iyotanhaniyewakiya.

i-yo'-tan-i-ye-ki-ya, v. a. to find it difficult or hard, experience difficulty from; to trouble, make labor or difficulty for one,-iyotaniyewakiya; iyotaniyemayakiya, thou hast given me a hard

time.

i-yo'-tpa-ni-yan, adv. Same as iyokpaniyan. i-yo'-to-hnag, cont. of iyotohnaka; iyotohnag mda, I go at the risk of my life. i-yo'-to-hna-ka, v. n. to hazard life, risk one's life, go into danger. See aotohnaka. i-yo'-wa, v. n. to gape, yawn,-iyowawa, iyounwapi.

i-yo'-wa, n. writing-materials. See iowa. i-yo'-wang, cont. of iyowanke; iyowangićiya, to be in the habit of, form a habit, take lessons from, -iyowangmićiya.

i-yo'-wan-ke, n. habit.

i-yo'-was, cont. of iyoważa; iyowaś waun śni,

am not near it.

I

i-yo'-wi-ća-ya-ka, n. of iyoyaka; sorrow, sadness; sympathy, irritableness. i-yo'-wi-han, adv. in fun, in jest: iyowihan epe śni, I did not say it in jest. i-yo'-win, v. See iyokiwin. i-yo'-win-ki-ya, v. a. to permit, suffer, connive at; to receive, accept,-iyowinwakiya, iyowiŋunkiyapi, iyowinmakiya.

i-yo'-win-yaŋ, v. a. to bear, endure; to permit, connive at; to receive, accept; to be sufficient for, accomplish, said of medicine in curing disease,iyowinwaya, iyowiŋunyanpi, iyowiŋmayan. i-yo'-win-ye-śni, adv. without leave, contrary

to orders; insufficient, inoperative, as medicine. i-yo'-wo-tan-in, n. a place from which one can see to a great distance, as a hill. i-yo'-yag, cont. of iyoyaka; iyoyag wauŋ. i-yo'-yag-ya, v. a. to displease, offend; to make sick,-iyoyagwaya, iyoyagunyanpi.

i-yo'-ya-ka, v. n. to be offended, displeased; to be made sick,-iyomayaka, iyounyakapi. i-yo'-ya-ke-ća, v. n. to be sorrowful, distressed, -iyomayakeća, iyoniyakeća.

i-yo'-zi, n. rest, repose.

i-yo'-zi-ya, adv. at rest.

i-yo'-zi-zi-ya, adv. red. of iyoziya; leisurely : iyoziziya yatkan, to sip, drink by draughts. i-yo'-źan-żaŋ, n. light.

i-yo'-żan-zan-yaŋ, v. n. to shine, shine into, give light to.

i-yo'-źan-zan-yaŋ, adv. shining, giving light. i-yu'-be, n. something to rub with: maziyube, a file.

i-yu'-ćan, v. a. to sift, to shake, as in sifting,imdućan. See yućan.

i-yu'-éan and wi-yu-ćan, n. a sieve. i-yu'-e-će-tu, v. a. to perfect, make right by means of,-imduećetu. See yuećetu. i-yu'-hin-te, n. any thing to rake with, as mahiyuhinte, a rake.

i-yu'-hmi-hma, n. something that turns a thing, a turner, as a water-wheel.

i-yu'-hna-yan, v. n. to be deceived, as in the prospect of receiving something,-imayuhnayan, iniyuhnayan.

i-yu'-ho-ta, n. the intestines, all the inside of an animal.

i-yu'-hći, v. a. to break out, as the eye of a needle, imduhći.

i-yu'-hda-ta, v. a. to catch hold of with, as with a hook; to scratch with,―imdulidata. i-yu'-hda-te, n. (i and yulidata) something to catch with, something to scratch with. i-yu'-hdo-ke, n. of yuhdoka; something to open with, something to make a hole with: tiyopa iyuhdoke, a door-opener, i. e. a key.

i-yu'-he-pe, n. of yuhepa; an absorber, a sponge. i-yu'-hmun, n. of yulmun; a sling. i-yu'-hpa, adj. all, the whole. i-yu'-hpe, n. of yulipa; something to pull down with.

i'-yu-kan-pi, v. pl. they go and remain. The singular of this is not so used. See yukan. i-yu'-kćan, v. a. to understand, have an opinion or understanding of; to think, guess,-imdukćan, idukćan, unkiyukćanpi, ićiyukćan; imayadukćan, thou understandest me.

i-yu'-kćan-ke, n. one who forms an opinion. i-yu'-kċan-ken, adv. guessing iyukćanken aya, to go on guessing.

i-yu'-kċan-yaŋ, v. n. to cause to understand,— iyukćan waya, iyukćaŋunyanpi.

i-yu'-kćan-yan, adv. thinking, having understanding of.

i-yu'-ke-ze, n. a scraper.

i-yu'-kin, v. a.

yukinpi.

to wrench, pry,-imdukiŋ, uŋki

i'-yun, v. to use: hu iyun, to use one's legs, be on foot; hu iyun hiyu, to come on foot. i'-yun-ken, adv. hu iyunken, on foot. i-yun'-win, n. remuneration, something to pay with iyunwin yukan, there is pay; iyuŋwin ćodan, without pay.

i-yun'-win-toŋ, v.

to have the means of paying, have something to give for,-iyun win waton. i-yun'-win-yaŋ, v. a. to have or use as pay,iyun win waya.

i-yu'-pa-ġa, v. a. to gather up in the hand, as the mouth of a bag for tying,-imdupaġa. i-yu'-pah, cont. of iyupaga; iyupah yuza, to clasp tight, as the mouth of a bag.

i-yu'-pam, adv. all together. Not much used. i-yu'-pan, v. a. to break or rub up, as in the hand, imdupan.

i-yu'-pi-ża, adj. wrinkled.

i-yu'-pse, n. a steering-oar, the helm, rudder. i-yu'-pse-ki-ći-yu-za, v. a. to hold the helm for one, steer a boat for one; to keep one from doing wrong, lead him to do right,-iyupseweći

yuza.

i-yu'-pse-pse-ya, adv. red. of iyupseya. i-yu'-pse-ya, adv. crookedly, zigzag. i-yu'-pse-yu-za, v. to hold the helm, steer a boat, hold the paddle against the water so as to turn the boat, to back water,-iyupsemduza. i-yu'-pse-yu-ze, n. a pilot. i'-yu-psi-psi-ża, v. to have the lips quiver, as from cold, etc.,-imayupśipśiża. i'-yu-psi-ża. See íyupśipśiza.

i-yu'-pta, v. iyupta iću, to take up with a spade, to dig and take up, as in spading,-iyupta iwaću. i-yu'-pu-za, v. a. i-yu'-pu-ze, n.

to make dry with,-imdupuza. something to make dry with, a

towel. i-yu'-sdo-he, n. something to drag along, a sled. Hence, ćaniyusdohe, something to haul wood on, a wood-sled.

i-yu'-sdo-he-toŋ, v. to have a sled or team,iyusdohewaton.

i-yu'-sdo-he-ton-na, n. something that trails. i-yu'-son, cont. of iyusota; iyuson eyaya, all passed by.

i-yu'-so-ta, v. a. to use all up with, use up for, -imdusota, unkiyusotapi.

i-yus'-o-yah, adv. with difficulty, i. q. kitaŋ hin: iyusoyali pakpi, to pick open with difficulty. i-yu'-sda, n. of yusda; scissors, shears. i-yu'-sdu-śdu-ta, n. something to make smooth with, a rubber, polisher. i-yu'-ska, n. of yuśka; something by means of which to untie a bundle; what is given in return on the occasion of untying a bundle of tobacco sent from another village or people. This is a Dakota custom. A bundle of tobacco is sent to renew the bond of friendship between bands or villages. If it is untied, blankets, guns, kettles, etc., are sent back in return; if they have nothing to give, they cannot untie the bundle. i-yu'-śki-ća, v. a. to press on and cut accident

ally, as with a knife; to wring out of, as out of water,-imduśkića.

i-yu'-śki-će, n. of yuśkića; a press.

i-yu'-śkin, cont. of iyuśkića and iyuśkita. i-yu'-śkiŋ, v. n. to rejoice, be glad; to rejoice in,

—imduśkiŋ, iduśkin, unkiyuśkinpi.

i-yu'-śkiŋ-ki-ya, v. a. to cause to rejoice,-iyuskin wakiya.

i-yu'-śkiŋ-śkiŋ, v. red. of iyuśkiŋ.

i-yu'-skin-skin-yan, adv. red. of iyuśkinyan. i-yu'-skin-yan, v. a. to make glad, to gladden, rejoice,-iyuśkin waya, iyuśkinmayan. i-yu'-skin-yan, adv. gladly, rejoicingly. i-yu'-śki-ta, v. a. to press upon and cut with a knife, imduśkita, imayuśkita.

i-yu'-spa, v. a. of yuspa; to pick off from, as a scab,-imduśpa.

i-yu'-spu, v. a. to pick off from, as corn from the strings, imduspu.

i-yu'-stan, v. a. of yuśtan; to finish inside, to finish for,-imduśtaŋ: ekta waki ka owasin wiyeya imduśtan, when I have gone home and prepared a place,-John xiv. 3.

i-yu'-ta, v. a. to measure, weigh; to try, attempt, -imduta, iduta, unkiyutapi: ćan iyuta, to measure with a stick.

i-yu'-ta, v. of yuta; to eat with, as one thing with another, iwata, iyata. i-yu'-tan, v. a. to put in grease and mash up, to make pemmican-imdutan, idutan, uŋkiyutaŋpi. i-yu'-tan, v. to tempt; to be tempted or tried,―— imayutan, iniyutaŋ, uŋkiyutaŋpi.

i-yu'-tan, n. the trigger of a gun. i-yu'-tan-tan, v. ɑ. to touch, feel in several places,―imdutantan, uŋkiyutan tanpi. i-yu'-tan-yan, v. a. to tempt, try, prove,-iyutanwaya, iyutaŋunyanpi, iyutanmayan. i-yu'-tan-yan, adv. tempting, trying. i-yu'-ta-pi, n. a measure; an acre; a mile; a bushel; a pound; nogiyutapi, a yard. i-yu'-te-ki-ya, v. a. to cause to measure; to adjust, arrange, appoint,-iyutewakiya.

i-yu'-te-pa, v. n. of yutepa; to be torn off by any thing.

i-yu'-te-ya, v. a. to adjust,-iyutewaya, iyuteun

yanpi.

i-yu'-te-ya, adv. by measure.

i-yu'-ti-taŋ, v. a. of yutitan; to pull by,―imdutitan.

i-yu'-ti-tan, v. n.

to be stretched or pulled by.

i-yu'-ti-tan-yan, adv. stretched by. i-yut'-ki-ton, n. See iyunkiton. i-yu'-tpu-tpa, v. a. Same as iyukpukpa. i-yu'-we-ġa, v. a. to pass through, cross, ford, as a stream,―imduweġa, iduweġa, uŋkiyuweġapi. Hence, oiyuwege, a ford.

i-yu'-weh, cont. of iyuweġa; iyuweh iyaya, to ford a stream.

i-yu'-weh-ya, adv. crossing, fording.

i-yu'-wi, v. a. to tie, as a halter or rope in a

horse's mouth,—imduwi.

i-yu'-wi, v. n. to curl, twist, like a vine or curled

wood.

i-yu'-wi, n. any thing twisted or tied, a vine, a

bridle. See iiyuwi and wiyuwi.

i-yu'-win. See iyunwin.

i-yu'-wi-ya, adv. tangled, in a snarl, as hair or thread.

i-yu'-za, v. a. of yuza; to hold on or to, to put the hand on and hold,-imduza. i-yu'-ze, n. of yuza and yuze; something to hold with, a holder; something to take out food with, a ladle.

i-yu'-zi-ya, adv. partly in sight; said of any

thing seen over a hill.

i-yu'-zi-zi-ya, adv. in sight, i. q. taninyan: iyuziziya iyaya, to pass along in sight.

i-yu'-za-ża, v. a. to wash with, to be washed with, -imdużaża.

i-yu'-za-ża, n.

something to wash with, as a

wash-tub, wash-board, etc. i'-yu-zi-mna-na, adv. full, brim full, as a vessel of water, just about to run over; at the edge of, as, íyużimnana kaġeġe, to sew close to the edge. i'-yu-zi-mna-yan, adv. by the edge of, full. i-yu'-żi-pe, n. (i and yuzipa) the front lock of a man's hair; something to pinch or lay hold with, as, maziyuzipe, tongs, pincers. i-za'-ptan, adj. the fifth.

i-za'-ptan-ptan, adj. red. every fifth one. i-zin', cont. of izita.

i-zin'-toŋ, v. a. to make a smoke, to smoke any thing,-izinwaton.

i-zin'-ya, v. a. to cause to smoke; to smoke, as a deer-skin,-izinwaya. See ziya.

i-zi'-ta, v. n. to smoke, as a fir.-brand. i-zo', n. a peninsula.

i-zu'-ya-pi, n. what the Dakotas carry with them in going to war, the palladium of the expedition. Sometimes this is a pipe, and sometimes the skin of an animal. See zuya.

i-zu'-za, n. a grind-stone, a whet-stone.
i'-żan-ya, adv. deceitfully, i. q. oie nonpa.
i-źan'-żaŋ, v. n. to give light, as a candle.
i-żan'-żaŋ, v. a. to light, as a candle.

i-źan'-źan, n. a light. See petiźanżaŋ. i-żan'-żan-ya, v. a. to light, as a candle; to cause to give light,-iżanźan waya. i-źan'-żaŋ-yan, adv. giving light for: tahiŋća iżaŋżanyaŋ wićakute, he shoots deer by a light. i'-za-ta, adj. forked-mouthed, double-tongued; said also of a gun which has the upper part of the stock cut off. This form of expression is said to have been introduced by white people. i-źe'-han, adv. often, frequently, repeatedly. i-że'-han-yan, adv. often.

i-że'-han-yan-ken, adv. frequently.

i-źe'-że-ya, adv. mixed up, as different kinds together.

i-że'-że-ya-ken, adv. mixed up, all sorts together.

i-źi'-ća, v. n. to be rich in goods; in distinction from waśeća or iwaśeća, to be rich in provisions.

i-żi'-mna, v. n.

to smell like something burning,

as fat or bones. i-zin'-ya, v. a. to cause to be rich,-izinwaya. i-żin'-ya, adv. richly. i'-żog, cont. of íźoka.

i'-żog-ki-ya, v. a. to push out the lips at one. i'-źo-ka, v. n. to have the lips pushed out. i'-żo-ki-ya, v. to push out the mouth at; to twist the mouth; to whistle,-iżowakiya.

K.

k, the twelfth letter of the Dakota alphabet. It is sounded as in English.

k, a prefix, making the possessive form of verbs which commence with p: as, pagan, to part with; kpagan, to part with one's own. ka, dem. pron. that; he, she, it. ka, adv. there, yonder. See kan and kakiya. ka, adv. Used interrogatively at the end of a phrase or sentence, as, ećonpića ka, can it be done?

ka, a suffix to verbs and nouns. In most cases it does not seem materially to alter the signification: as, wasteda and wastedaka, to love any thing; itanćan and itanćanka, a chief one. In some cases it helps to form verbal nouns: as, o, to hit in shooting; waoka, a good marksman. ka, adv. suffix. It is equivalent to śni, not, and is sometimes used ironically: as, waste, good, waśteka, not good.

ka, a prefix to a class of verbs. It shows that the action expressed by the verb is performed by striking, as with the hand, or with an axe, club, or other instrument; or by the action of the wind or water. The pronouns are prefixed. ka, v. a. to mean, signify,—waká, yaka, uŋkápi, ćićá, maká; uŋnićapi, we mean you. ka-a-o-pte-ća, v. kaaopteća kaġa, to lessen. ka-a'-o-pten, v. cont. of kaaopteća; kaaopten ećon, to do less than.

ka-a'-o-pte-tu, v. to lessen kaaoptetu ećamon, I do less, or I make it less. ka-a'-o-pte-tu-ya, adv. in the way of diminish