III. Financial Aid to Students in Institutions Under Various Types of Control

Higher educational institutions in the United States are controlled by, or affiliated with, several agencies (1) States, (2) cities, (3) private corporations, and (4) church bodies-Protestant, and Roman Catholic. The following summary shows the number of institutions and the amount of financial aid of all kinds given to students in institutions under each of these types of control.

The table shows that privately controlled higher institutions contributed the largest amount of aid to students in 1937-38, followed closely by State-controlled institutions, which in number, however, were greater by 51 than the privately controlled institutions. Institutions under Protestant control or affiliation, which numbered more than any other group, contributed the third largest amount; Roman Catholic institutions the fourth; and city-controlled institutions, of which an overwhelming proportion are junior colleges, contributed the least.

The following tabulation shows the percentage of institutions and the percentage of aid given by the institutions under each type of control:

In every instance except one, students were aided in largest measure through the provision of work than by any other means. Students in privately endowed institutions were aided in largest amount by scholarships. In institutions controlled by or affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church they were aided in greater amount by scholarships, if the National Youth Administration aid be excluded.

In State-controlled, city-controlled, and privately controlled institutions, next in amount to work and scholarships, students received aid by means of loans. In institutions with church affiliation, both Protestant and Roman Catholic, grants in aid were larger in amount than loans.

In every case except that of State-controlled institutions, fellowship aid was given in smaller amount than any other kind of aid. In State-controlled institutions the amount given in grants in aid was the smallest. While, however, fellowship aid was greater in State controlled institutions than in institutions under any other type of control, in proportion to the number of institutions involved, it was less than that afforded in privately controlled institutions.