MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. We give below a tabular statement of the cotton, woolen, etc., manufacturing establishments of New Hampshire, showing the name and location of each company, capital invested, kind of goods manufactured, and the annual amount of goods manufactured: * Amoskeag Manufacturing Co., the whole capital of the four departments given. + Merrimack Mills, whole capital given, including printworks. A late number of the Valparaiso Neighbor furnishes the following statement of the value of copper, gold, and silver, produced at these mines for 1844-47, as follows :— The value of the copper produced in 1844 was $8,929,898, in 1845, $2,503,825, in 1847, $2,353,405; the silver mines in 1844 produced $1,310,996, in 1846, $1,776,875, in 1847, $1,807,711; the gold mines in 1844, $97,097, in 1846, $217,984, and in 1847, $301,415. A great obstacle to be contended with by the miners, is the transportation of their ores to the seaboard, and then, in return, the transportation of provisions inland for the workmen. All must be carried by pack mules. This greatly augments expenses, especially in the northern provinces, which, while agriculturally most barren, are in mineral deposits most abounding. The animals are scarce there, and of necessity must continue to be so, from the difficulty in procuring food for them. IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEMP. Considerable attention has been excited by the Maysville establishment for manufacturing hemp without rotting. Frequent attempts before have failed on account of inefficient machinery, and especially on account of the great liability of this kind of hemp to most offensive putrefaction and speedy decay. Now these difficulties seem to be entirely overcome. The hemp is broken out and cleaned without making tow or waste, and the product is carried through a chemical process called kyanizing, by which it is rendered indestructible from ordinary exposure to weather. This kyanised rope is said to be superior to the Manilla for river purposes, being stronger, more flexible, more durable, wearing smoother, and being more pleasant for boatmen to handle. At the same time, it must be admitted, that before it is used it does not look so well as Manilla, and there is no cordage in the world that does. It is said to improve in appearance however by wear, while the Manilla frays down and wears rough. Here then is a use American hemp is applied to, which heretofore required a foreign article. The kyanized rope and kyanized bagging too, must probably come into use in covering cotton bales. The dew-rotted rope and bagging gives way too soon by the exposure which a great deal of the cotton is subjected to, and it arrives at its place of destination in bad order, the rope being often broken and the bagging torn off by cotton hooks. We understand that a company is about being formed in Mason county to manufacture bale rope and bagging in this way. We have watched this hemp movement with great interest since its commencement. We know something of its history and of the men engaged in it, and we think the enterprise must succeed. It has succeeded, as its projectors assure us, and we incline to believe them, from the evidence furnished. It constitutes an important epoch in the history of hemp culture and manufacture in this country. It is stated that hemp can be worked so economically and perfectly as to render it certain that the usual manner of working it cannot be much longer used— that rope and bagging can be made cheaper in this way than by the usual mode. There is one very material difficulty in the way of so great a change in the manner of working hemp, and that is the great expense that is necessary to fit up an establishment that will pay, requiring a series of newly invented machinery and processes, driven by powerful engines, and requiring investments of capital similar in amounts to those used in the cotton manufacture. However, when sufficient demonstration can be made to capitalists that the business is profitable, establishments enough may be set in operation in a few years to supply all the river eordage, bale rope, and bagging that may be wanted. The navy, too, will probably ere long be supplied with this kind of cordage. It is said to take tar remarkably well, remaining much more flexible and for a longer time, than rope made of any other kind of hemp; while for running rigging it is the very article wanted-a desideratum.-Louisville Journal. THE CHICOPEE COTTON MILLS. The eleven mills at Chicopee, Massachusetts, as we learn from the Hampshire Gazette, owned by the Chicopee, Cabot, Perkins and Dwight Corporations, give employment to 2,400 operatives. The Chicopee Corporation has four mills, 24,544 spindles, with a capital of $700,000; the Cabot Corporation has two mills, 14,000 spindles, with a capital of $500,000; the Perkins Corporation has two mills, 14,000 spindles, with a capital of $500,000; the Dwight Corporation has three mills, 24,920 spindles, with a capital of $700,000. "HOGS PACKED IN THE WEST." A correspondent under date "Clinton, Fulton County, Illinois," has called our attention to an article in the October number of the Merchants' Magazine, headed as above, "as calculated to convey very erroneous impressions to those not familiar with the pork trade in that section of the couutry." "The table given," he says, " purports to show the number packed in the States of Mississippi, Missouri, and Illinois, when, in fact, it only shows the number packed on the Missouri and Illinois Rivers, and the Mississippi River above St. Louis," and adds, "as the pork trade is an important one in this State (Illinois) it is very desirable that all statements and tables, particularly in your Journal, should be accurate." We are extremely desirous of securing the utmost accuracy in our statistical statements, but whatever erroneous impression that statement conveyed must be referred to the St. Louis Republican, as our correspondent will notice, by reference to the article, that it was derived from that journal. RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NEW ENGLAND RAILROADS. The "Pathfinder Railway Guide for the New England States," one of the most minute and accurate manuals of the kind ever published in this country, for November, 1849, contains the rules and regulations adopted by all the principal railroad companies in the New England States.* As the result of the experience of our New England Railroad managers and superintendents, these rules and regulations may be useful to persons interested in railroads in other parts of the United States. We therefore transfer them to this department of the Merchants' Magazine. RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NEW ENGLAND RAILROADS. First:-In regard to Passengers.—-Passengers must procure tickets before taking their seats in the cars. They must not smoke in the cars or station houses. They are not allowed, under any circumstances, to stand on the platforms of the cars. They must not take or leave the cars when in motion, nor put their heads or arms out of the car windows. Second:—In regard to baggage, and articles carried on the Passenger Trains. All baggage must be delivered to the Baggage Master or other person authorized to receive it, before the passenger takes his seat in the cars. Baggage must be accompanied in the same train by its owner; and when not so accompanied, no agent of the company is authorized to put it on board the train, and the company will not hold itself responsible as common carriers in regard to it. The liability of the company as common carriers in regard to baggage and other articles transported upon a passenger train, will not commence till such baggage or other articles are put or received on board the train; and the same liability will terminate when such baggage or other articles are unladen from the train at their place of destination. Baggage will not be taken to include money, merchandise, or other articles than those of personal use; and when of higher value than the highest sum advertised by the company as the limit of its liability, notice must be given of that fact, and an extra price paid, or the company will not hold itself liable beyond that amount. The company will not hold itself liable for any valise, package, or other article of personal property, taken by the passenger with him into the cars, or carried at all upon a passenger train, unless delivered to the baggage master, or other person authorized to receive and take charge of such articles. The company expressly reject any liability for the care of articles in the keeping of Express Agents, who pass over their road under special contract; whether any such limitation of the company's liability is published in such Express Agents' advertisement or not. Third:-As to Freight, going by Freight Trains.-All articles of freight must be plainly and distinctly marked, or they will not be received by the company; and when designed to be forwarded, after transportation on the railroad, a written order must be given, with the particular line of boats or teams marked on the goods, if any such be preferred or desired. The company will not hold itself liable for the safe carriage or custody of any articles of freight, unless receipted for by an au * The companies which have adopted these regulations, enumerated in the Pathfinder Railway Guide, are as follows:-Boston and Lowell, Western, Boston and Providence, Providence and Worcester, Northern, Eastern, Portland, Saco, and Portsmouth, Fitchburg, Housatonic, Concord, Conecticut River, Vermont Central, Fall River, Boston and Maine, Old Colony, Norwich and Worcester Nashua and Lowell, Stony Brook, Wilton, Cape Cod Branch &c.. thorized agent; and no agent of the company is authorized to receive, or agree to transport, any freight which is not thus receipted for. Duplicate receipts, in the form prescribed by each company, ready for signing, must accompany the delivery of any freight to that company. No responsibility will be admitted, under any circumstances, to a greater amount upon any single article of freight than $200, unless upon notice being given of such amount, and a special agreement therefor. Specie, drafts, bank bills, and other articles of great intrinsic or representative value, will only be taken upon a representation of their value, and by a special agreement assented to by the superintendent. The company will not hold themselves liable at all for any injury to any articles of freight, during the course of transportation, arising from the weather or accidental delays. Nor will they guarantee any special despatch in the transportation of such articles, unless made the subject of express stipulation. Nor will they hold themselves liable as common carriers for such articles, after their arrival at their place of destination and unlading in the company's warehouses or depots. Machinery, furniture, stoves, and castings, mineral acids, all liquids put up in glass or earthen ware, unpacked fruit, and live animals, will only be taken at the owner's risk of fracture or injury during the course of transportation, loading and unloading, unless specially agreed to the contrary. Gunpowder, friction matches, and like combustibles, will not be received on any terms; and all persons procuring the reception of such freight by fraud or concealment, will be held responsible for any damage which may arise from it while in the custody of the company. All articles of freight, arriving at their place of destination, must be taken away within twenty-four hours after being unladen from the cars,-the company reserving the right of charging storage on the same, or placing the same in store at the risk and expense of the owner, if they see fit, after the lapse of that time. In the November number of the Merchants' Magazine, we published an abstract of the Report of the Boston and Maine Railroads, which extends from Boston to South Berwick. In connection with our abstracts of the report, we gave some additional information, including a table of the principal places, distances, rates of fare, &c., derived from that authentie little manual, the " Pathfinder Railway Guide." In a note, however, we stated that the places between South Berwick and Portland were omitted in the Railway Guide; but we find, on examination, that we were mistaken: the Portland, Saco, and Portsmouth road, which connects the Boston and Maine, extending to South Berwick is a distinct corporation, and is given by itself in the Guide. The error, a trifling one, originated from our not referring to the table in the Railway Guide, giving the distances from South Berwick to Portland. We make the correction, in justice to the editor and proprietors of the Guide; as an error, however trifling, would tend, if suffered to pass, to invalidate the semi-official character, or the accuracy of that valuable manual. PROGRESS OF RAILROADS IN GEORGIA. The Western and Atlantic Railroad is now nearly completed. The great tunnel through the Blue Ridge, 1,477 feet long, having been opened with imposing ceremonies on the 1st of November, 1849. It is calculated this road will be ready for traffic on the 1st January, 1850. It commences at Atlanta, and runs northwesterly to Chattanooga, in Tennessee, on the Tennessee River. It is the connecting link for the Central Railroad from Savannah to Macon, and the Macon and Western Road from Macon to Atlanta, and also of the Charleston and Hamburg and Georgia Railroads from Charleston to Atlanta. There is now a steam communication from the seaboard to the Mississippi, and if we look at the map we see finished the Central Railroad, from Savannah to Macon. |