shows a small number of citizens in wealth, and a great number in misery-whence arises the insolence of the one, and depression of the other. Guard against the spirit of conquest. The tranquillity of empire decreases as it is extended. Have arms for your defence, but have none for offence. Seek ease and health in labour; prosperity in agriculture and manufactures; strength in good manners and virtue. Make the sciences and arts prosper, which distinguish the civilized man from the savage. Especially watch over the education of your

children.

2. It is from public schools, be assured, that skilful magistrates, disciplined and courageous soldiers, good fathers, good husbands, good brothers, good friends, and honest men come forth. Wherever we see the youth depraved, the nation is on the decline. Let Liberty have an immoveable foundation in the wisdom of your constitutions; and let it be the cement which unites your states, which cannot be destroyed. Establish no legal preference in your different modes of worship. Superstition is every where innocent, where it is neither protected nor persecuted. And may your duration be, if possible, equal to that of the world.

National Industry.

A CURE FOR HARD TIMES.

Judge Ross to the Grand Jury.

1. GENTLEMEN-I shall take the liberty of saying a few words on a subject which may not seem to come properly under my notice at this time. But, it is so general a topic of conversation, and has been so frequently handled in the newspapers, and in pamphlets, that I think it will not be amiss to introduce it in this place. The subject to which I allude, is the Hard Times. You are here, gentlemen, from the remote parts of our country, and you have doubtless heard a variety of causes assigned for these hard times.

2. Our legislature have had the subject under consideration, they have talked of a loan-office, of stop laws, of a law for great internal improvements; and a great variety of projects have been agitated by them all to obviate those hard times. But their projects are all visionary; none of them calculated to do the smallest good to the community. Congress, too, have been engaged on this subject; they have thought that some great change in the tariff, or some important measure for the encouragement of domestic manufactures, would help us out of the difficulty. But all this is perfectly idle.

3. These projects do not strike at the root of the matter. I may be singular in my views, gentlemen, but, really, I have thought so much on the subject, that I cannot avoid expressing my sentiments, whatever you may think of them. I have no objections to great improvements-I am by no means unfriendly to our own manufactures; but then, I think, that in order to cure the evil, we must all act individually.

4. Let the work of reformation begin at home, and I confidently believe we shall soon get rid of the hard times, that are so much complained of. To be calling out for legislative aid, while we ourselves are idle, is acting like the man in the fable, who, when his wagon-wheel was fast in the ditch, cried for Hercules to help him, instead of putting his own shoulder to the wheel. We must help ourselves, gentlemen, and if that will not answer, why then we may call for Hercules to assist us.

5. We are too fond of showing out in our families; and in this way our expenses far exceed our incomes. Our daughters must be dressed off in their silks and crapes, instead of their linsey woolsey. Our young folks are too proud to be seen in a coarse dress, and their extravagance is bringing ruin on our families. When you can induce your sons to prefer young women for their real worth, rather than for their show; when you can get them to choose a wife, who can make a good loaf of bread, and a good pound of butter, in preference to a girl, who does nothing but dance about in her silks and her laces; then, gentlemen, you may expect to see a change for the better. We must get back to the good old simplicity of former times, if we expect to see more prosperous days. The time was, even since memory, when a simple note was good for any amount of money, but now bonds and mortgages are thought almost no security; and this is owing to the want of confidence.

6. And what has caused this want of confidence? Why, it is occasioned by the extravagant manner of living; by your families going in debt beyond your ability to pay. Examine this matter, gentlemen, and you will find this to be the real cause. Teach your sons to be too proud to ride a hackney, which their father cannot pay for. Let them be above being seen sporting in a gig or a carriage, which their father is in debt for. Let them have this sort of independent pride, and I venture to say that you will soon perceive a reformation. But, until the change commences in this way in our families; until we begin the work ourselves, it is in vain to expect better times. 7. Now, gentlemen, if you think as I do on this subject, there

is a way of showing that you do think so, and but one way; when you return to your homes, have independence enough to put these principles in practice; and I am sure you will not be disappointed.

Docility the basis of Education.

1. THE minds of youth are not all equally adapted for the reception of learning. No pains can overcome the natural sterility of some, and no neglect can wholly check the growth of fruit in others. Happy, however, are they, whose aptitude to receive instruction has met with the hand of diligent cultivation; who have early had the weeds of ignorance or errour eradioated, and every generous plant reared to maturity, with faithful assiduity and vigilant care. By diligent tuition, the most unpromising genius, inspired with a real desire to improve, may be rendered useful to society, and advantageous to itself. Providence never intended an equality of mental endowments, or of personal advantages; but it has impartially distributed its favours for the good of the whole; and where it has denied the shining talents that lead to fame, it has generally conferred the more solid qualities that are calculated to secure independence.

2. The laxity and indulgence of modern manners are inimical to the best interests of the rising generation. The foolish fondness of parents, in general, towards their children, knows no bounds. It cannot be called love for them, for love is quicksighted to discern faults, and studies to correct thein; it cannot be called tenderness or humanity, for those qualities are not displayed by momentary impulses, but by consistency of action. It is rather a fashion, or a habit, springing out of indolence and want of moral feeling; it may, without breach of charity, be traced to general dissipation, which renders persons indifferent about what does not contribute to their own immediate pleasure, and callous to the warm emotions of a rational regard. I will not ascribe this criminal indulgence, or rather neglect, of children, to irreligion and a contempt of all authority-but, unfortunately, it leads to both; and, if it continue for a few generations more, or is carried to still greater heights, it must dissolve every tie that binds man to man, or man to heaven.

3. When children are habituated to pursue their own pleasure, without control from parental authority; when they disobey the authors of their being with impunity, and treat them with a contempt in proportion to the mistaken kindness they have received, what can be expected from the best modes of education

or the most sedulous care of preceptors? Will the boy that disregards his father, respect his instructer? And will he who is used to have his will at home, whether right or wrong, quietly submit to necessary restraints when sent to school? Parents ought seriously to reflect on this, both for their own sakes and the happiness of their progeny. They should inculcate the necessity of a rational obedience from the first dawn of reason; they should encourage docility in their children, as the mutual basis of comfort.to the one, and of improvement to the other.

4. The same habits which they still think it requisite children should acquire at school, should be early engrafted on their natures, and the business of the parent and the tutor should be shown to be the same in effect, though differing in degree. The maxims which regulate the school, should be a continuation of those which have directed the nursery. Owing to the contradiction, however, between them, what ills have arisen, and how much has the business of education been impeded! The most able instructers have, perhaps, incurred the blame which ought to have been solely imputed to the parent; and the hopeful genius has been lost to the world and himself, by the neglect of precepts, which would, if early imbibed, have rendered docility habitual. No one can teach those who are unwilling to learn, or resolutely bent to disobey.

6. Let parents, therefore, give the proper impressions in time, and continue them as they find them really necessary, or the labour of the tutor will be of little consequence. What he accomplishes with difficulty in months, may be undone in a day, nay, in a moment. When parents have done their duty, the business of the preceptor will be comparatively easy.

Eulogy on Washington.

1. To call Washington a hero, would be a debasement of him; for heroism has hitherto been too often allied with crime. To call him merely a great soldier, would be injustice; for he fought not to destroy, but to preserve. To denominate him simply a great statesman, would be inadequate ; for his politics were not like those of most statesmen, subservient to ambition. In war he united the coolness of Fabius with the spirit of Cæsar, and the humility of Cincinnatus. In peace, he blended the virtues of Trajan with the wisdom of Solon, and the sublime, prophetic ken of Chatham. Uniform and consistent in his political conduct, with equal severity he frowned on the intrigues of domestic faction, and the insidious wiles of foreign

artifice. Equally ready to draw his sword in his ripened manhood, to establish the independence of his country, and in his declining years, to snatch it from its sleeping scabbard to avenge its insulted honour and violated rights.

2. The watchful father and illustrious founder of a great empire, did not strive to invest himself with the insignia of nobility, the ordinary ambition of vulgar greatness; but by his talents and virtues he has ennobled his country. The mortal part of WASHINGTON is consigned to the silent cemetery, but he has bequeathed to his beloved fellow citizens a glorious legacy, in his example, his character, and his virtues, which ought to render them pure and virtuous in their morals, devout in their religion, fervent in their patriotism, just in the cabinet, and invincible in the field. More than four millions of freemen, with melancholy hearts, are living statues to thy memory, thou sainted patriot! Unfading laurels, fair as thy virtues, and imperishable as thy fame, shall bloom around thy monument, and protect, from unhallowed touch, thy consecrated urn.

Part of Major-General Lee's Funeral Oration on the Death of General Washington.

Delivered before both Houses of Congress, December 26, 1799.

1. IN obedience to your will, I rise your humble organ, with the hope of executing a part of the system of public mourning, which you have been pleased to adopt, commemorative of the death of the most illustrious and most beloved personage this country has ever produced; and which while it transmits to posterity your sense of the awful event, faintly represents your knowledge of the consummate excellence you so cordially honour. Desperate indeed is any attempt on earth to meet correspondently this dispensation of heaven; for while with pious. resignation we submit to the will of an all-gracious providence, we can never cease lamenting in our finite view of omnipotent wisdom, the heart-rending privation for which our nation weeps.

2. When the civilized world shakes to the centre; when every moment gives birth to strange and momentous changes; when our peaceful quarter of the globe, exempt as it happily has been from any share in the slaughter of the human race, may yet be compelled to abandon her pacific policy, and to risk the doleful casualties of war: what limit is there to the extent of our loss? None within the reach of my words to express; none which your feelings will not disavow. The founder of our federal republic; our bulwark in war, our guide in peace, is no more! O that this were but questionable! Hope, the comforter