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las que quieran gozar de esta cualidad, después de haber residido un año en el territorio de la República y siempre que manifiesten este querer, prestando el juramento de defender los intereses de la República, ante el Gobernador de la Provincia ó Distrito donde residan y hayan obtenido cartas de naturalización.

4o. Todos los naturalizados según las leyes.

5°. Todos los extranjeros de cualquiera nación amiga, siempre que fijen su domicilio en el territorio de la República, declaren querer gozar de esta cualidad, tengan dos años de residencia á lo menos, y renuncien expresamente su nacionalidad ante quien sea de derecho.

Párrafo. Para los efectos de este artículo no se consideraran como nacidos en el territorio de la República los hijos legítimos de los extranjeros que residan en ella, en representación ó servicio de su patria.

ART. 8. A ningún dominicano se le reconocerá otra nacionalidad sino la dominicana, mientras resida en la República.

ART. 9. Todos los dominicanos tienen el deber de servir á la patria, conforme lo dispongan las leyes, haciendo el sacrificio de sus bienes y de la vida si necesario fuere, para defenderla.

ART. 10. La ley determinará los derechos que correspondan á la condición de extranjeros.

TITULO III.

GARANTÍAS DE LOS DOMINICANOS.

ART. 11. La Nación garantiza á los dominicanos:

1o. La inviolabilidad de la vida por causas políticas.

2o. La libertad del pensamiento expresado de palabra o por medio de la prensa, sin previa censura pero con sujeción á las leyes.

3o. La propiedad con todos sus derechos; ésta sólo estará sujeta á las contribuciones decretadas por

dies, who, desiring to become Dominicans, after having resided one year in the territory of the Republic, make a declaration of their desire and upon being taken before the governor of the Province or District where they reside and have applied for naturalization, take the oath to defend the interests of the Republic.

4. All persons naturalized according to law.

5. All foreigners belonging to a friendly nation, domiciled in the Republic, who have declared their intention to become Dominicans, resided in the country for at least two years, and who expressly renounce their nationality before competent authority.

Paragraph. For the purposes of this article the legitimate children of foreigners residing in the Republic, in representation or in the service of their country, shall not be considered as natives.

ART. 8. No Dominican shall be recognized as vested with foreign nationality while residing in the Republic.

ART. 9. All Dominicans are in duty bound to serve their country, as the law may provide, and make the sacrifice of their property and life if needed to defend it.

ART. 10. The law shall determine the rights of foreigners.

TITLE III.

GUARANTIES OF DOMINICANS.

ART. 11. The Nation guarantees to all Dominicans:

1. Inviolability of life for political causes.

2. Freedom of thought, expressed orally or through the press, without previous censorship, but subject to law.

3. Security of property with all its rights. Property shall be subject only to taxation ordered

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4°. La inviolabilidad y secreto de la correspondencia y demás papeles.

5o. El hogar doméstico, que no podrá ser allanado sino para impedir la perpetración de un delito y con arreglo á la ley.

6°. La libertad personal, y por

ella: (1) Queda proscrita para siempre la esclavitud.

(2) Son libres los esclavos que pisen el territorio de la República.

(3) Todos los ciudadanos tienen el derecho de hacer y ejecutar lo que no perjudique á otro.

7°. La libertad del sufragio en las elecciones populares, sin más restricción que la menor edad de diez y ocho años.

8°. La libertad de industria. 9°. La propiedad de los descubrimientos, producciones científicas, artísticas y literarias.

10°. La libertad de reunión y asociación, sin armas, pública y privadamente.

11°. La libertad de petición y el derecho de obtener resolución. Aquélla podrá ser ante cualquier funcionario, autoridad ó corporación. Si la petición fuere de varios, los cinco primeros responderán de la autenticidad de las firmas, y todos de la verdad de los hechos.

12°. La libertad de enseñanza que será protegida en toda su extensión. El Gobierno queda obligado á establecer gratuitamente la instrucción primaria y de artes y oficios.

13°. La tolerancia de cultos. La religión católica apostólica y romana es la religión del Estado. Los demás cultos se ejercerán libremente en sus respectivos templos.

by legislative authority, to judicial action, and to condemnation for public use, upon previous indemnization and proper hearing.

4. Inviolability of the secrecy of correspondence and private papers.

5. Inviolability of the home, which can not be entered except to prevent a crime from being perpetrated, or according to law.

6. Personal liberty, and consequently:

(1) Šlavery is forever forbidden.

(2) Slaves stepping upon the territory of the Republic shall be free. (3) All citizens have the right to do what does not injure others.

7. Liberty of suffrage in popular elections, with no other restrictions than minority under eighteen years of age.

8. Freedom of industry.

9. Exclusive ownership of discoveries, and scientific, artistic and literary productions.

10. Liberty of reunion and association without arms, publicly and privately.

11. Liberty of petition and the right to have the petition acted upon. Petitions may be addressed to any functionary, authority or corporation whatever. If a petition is made by several parties, the first five signers shall respond for the authenticity of the signatures and all of them for the truth of the facts.

12. Freedom of teaching which shall be protected to its whole extent. The Government shall be bound to furnish primary instruction and the teaching of arts and trades gratuitously.

The

13. Religious toleration. Roman Catholic Apostolic Religion is the religion of the State; but all other forms of worship shall be allowed inside of their respective temples.

14°. La seguridad individual, y por ella:

(1) Ningún dominicano podrá ser arrestado en apremio por deuda que no provenga de fraude ó delito.

(2) Ni ser obligado á recibir en su casa militares en clase de alojados ó acuartelados.

(3) Ni ser juzgado por tribunales ni comisiones especiales, sino por sus jueces naturales, y en virtud de leyes dictadas antes del delito ó acción que deba juzgarse.

(4) Ni ser preso ni arrestado sin que preceda orden escrita del funcionario que decrete la prisión, con expresión del delito que la cause, á menos que sea cogido in fraganti.

(5) A todo preso se le comunicará la causa de su prisión, y se le tomará declaración, á más tardar, á las cuarenta y ocho horas después de habérsele privado de la libertad; y á ninguno se le puede tener incomunicado por más tiempo que aquel que el juez de instrucción crea indispensable para que no se impida la averiguación del delito; tampoco podrá tenérsele en prisión por más tiempo que el que la ley determine.

(6) Ni condenado á sufrir ninguna pena en materia criminal, sino después que haya sido oído y condenado legalmente.

15°. La igualdad, en virtud de la cual:

(1) Todos deben ser juzgados por unas mismas leyes y sometidos á unos mismos deberes y contribuciones.

(2) No se concederán títulos de nobleza, honores y distinciones hereditarios.

(3) No se dará otro tratamiento oficial á los empleados que el de ciudadano y usted.

ART. 12. Los que expidieren, firmaren y ejecutaren ó mandaren

14. Individual safety, and in consequence thereof:

(1) No Dominican shall be arrested for debts not arising out of fraud or criminal offense.

(2) Or compelled to quarter in his house any soldier, or person belonging to the army.

(3) Or tried by special tribunals or commissions. Dominicans shall be tried by their natural judges, and according to and by virtue of laws enacted before the commission of the offense for which they are tried.

(4) Or arrested or imprisoned without previous written order of a competent authority, naming the offense for which the arrest is made, unless the offender has been caught in flagrante delicto.

(5) Every prisoner shall be informed of the cause of his imprisonment and examined at the latest forty-eight hours after he was deprived of his liberty, and no one shall be kept in close confinement without communication with the rest of the world for a longer time than that which in the opinion of the court is indispensable not to render the investigation of the offense fruitless. Nor shall he be detained in prison for a time longer than that established by law.

(6) Nor shall anyone be condemned to suffer punishment in criminal cases without having been first legally heard and convicted.

15. Equality, and by virtue thereof:

(1) Every one shall be tried according to the same laws and shall also be bound to perform the same duties and pay the same taxes.

(2) No titles of nobility or hereditary honors and distinctions shall be granted.

(3) No functionary shall be addressed under any other official title than citizen and you.

ART. 12. All those who should issue, sign, comply with, or cause

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others to comply with, orders, decrees or decisions issued in violation of the guarantees herein. insured to Dominicans, shall be guilty of a criminal offense and punished according to law.

Paragraph. Every citizen shall have the right to accuse said offenders.

TITLE IV.

CITIZENSHIP.

ART. 13. All citizens in the full enjoyment of the rights of citizenship shall have the right to elect and be elected to public positions, provided that they have the qualifications required by law.

ART. 14. To enjoy the rights of citizenship the following shall be required:

1. To be a Dominican.

2. To be married, or over eighteen years of age.

ART. 15. The rights of citizenship shall be lost:

1. By serving, or becoming engaged to serve, against the Republic.

2. By having been condemned to suffer corporal or infamous punishments.

3. By accepting while in Dominican territory, without the consent of the National Congress, any foreign appointments.

4. By being guilty of fraudulent commercial bankruptcy.

ART. 16. The restoration of the rights of citizenship can be obtained in all cases, except in the one set forth in section 1 of the preceding article.

TITLE V.

SOVEREIGNTY.

ART. 17. The people alone are sovereign.

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ART. 19. Además de estos diputados, se nombrará igual número de suplentes, elegidos del mismo modo que aquéllos, para que los reemplacen en caso de muerte, renuncia, destitución ó inhabilitación.

Párrafo. Los suplentes reemplazarán á los diputados de sus respectivas Provincias ó distritos, en el orden que les señale el número de votos que hayan obtenido.

ART. 20. Para ser diputado se requiere:

1o. Ser dominicano en el pleno goce de los derechos civiles y políticos.

2o. Tener á lo menos veintiún años de edad.

3o. Ser natural de la Provincia ó distrito que lo elija, ó residir allí ó haber residido un año.

TITLE VI.

SECTION I.

The legislative power.

ART. 18. The legislative power is vested in a Congress consisting of twenty-four deputies indirectly elected at the rate of two for each Province and two for each District.

Deputies shall serve for four years.

Deputies shall be renewed each term and may be reelected.

Paragraph 1. The position of deputy is incompatible during the sessions of Congress with any other public position or office with or without salary.

Paragraph 2. The following shall not be deputies: The President and Vice-President of the Republic, the Secretaries of state, the Chief justice and associate justices of the supreme court, the Attorney General, and the Governors of the Provinces and Districts.

ART. 19. In addition to the deputies, substitutes shall be elected in equal number and in the same manner, who shall replace them in case of death, removal, or inability.

Paragraph. The substitutes shall fill the positions of the deputies of their respective Provinces or Districts in the order determined by the number of votes respectively cast in their favor.

ART. 20. To be a deputy the following qualifications shall be required:

1. To be a Dominican in the full enjoyment of civil and political rights.

2. To be at least twenty-one years of age.

3. To be a native of the Province or District which elected him, or to reside or have resided therein one year.

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