and advantages of education through the various parts of the country being highly conducive to this end, it shall be the duty of the general assembly, to provide by law for the improvement of such lands as are, or hereafter may be granted by the United States, to this state, for the use of schools, and to apply any funds which may be raised from such lands, or from any other quarter, to the accomplishment of the grand object for which they are, or may be intended: But no lands granted for the use of schools or seminaries of learning, shall be sold by authority of this state, prior to the year 1820; and the monies which may be raised out of the sale of any such lands, or otherwise obtained for the purposes aforesaid, shall be and remain a fund for the exclusive purpose of promoting the interest of literature and the sciences, and for the support of seminaries and public schools. The general assembly shall, from time to time, pass such laws as shall be calculated to encourage intellectual, scientifical, and agricultural improvement, by allowing rewards and immunities for the promotion and improvement of arts, sciences, commerce, manufactures, and natural history; and to countenance and encourage the principles of humanity, industry, and morality.

SEC. 2. It shall be the duty of the general assembly, as soon as circumstances will permit, to provide by law, for a general system of education, ascending in a regular gradation from township schools to a state university, wherein tuition shall be gratis, and equally open to all.

SEC. 3. And for the promotion of such salutary end, the money which shall be paid as an equivalent by persons exempt from militia duty, except in times of war, shall be exclusively, and in equal proportion, applied to the support of county seminaries; also all fines assessed for any breach of the penal laws, shall be applied to said seminaries, in the counties wherein they shall be assessed.

SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of the general assembly, as soon as circumstances will permit, to form a penal code, founded on the principles of reformation, and not of vindictive justice: And also to provide one or more farms, to be an asylum for those persons who, by reason of age, infirmity, or other misfortunes, may have a claim upon the aid and benificence of society, on such principles, that such persons may therein find employment, and

every reasonable comfort, and lose, by their usefulness, the degrading sense of dependence.

SEC. 5. The general assembly, at the time they lay off a new county, shall cause at least ten per cent. to be reserved out of the proceeds of the sale of town lots, in the seat of justice of such county, for the use of a public library for such county, and, at the same session, they shall incorporate a library company, under such rules and regulations as will best secure its permanence, and extend its benefits.

ARTICLE X.

SEC. 1. There shall not be established or incorporated, in this state, any bank or banking company, or monied institution, for the purpose of issuing bills of credit, or bills payable to order or bearer: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent the general assembly from establishing a state bank and branches, not exceeding one branch for any three counties, to be established at such place, within such counties, as the directors of the state bank may select; provided there be subscribed and paid, in specie, on the part of individuals, a sum equal to thirty thousand dollars: Provided also, That the bank at Vincennes, and the Farmers' and Mechanics' bank of Indiana, at Madison, shall be considered as incorporated banks, according to the true tenor of the charters granted to said banks, by the legislature of the Indiana territory: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent the general assembly from adopting either of the aforesaid banks as the state bank: And in case either of them shall be adopted as the state bank, the other may become a branch, under the rules and regulations herein before prescribed.

ARTICLE XI.

SEC. 1. Every person who shall be chosen or appointed to any office of trust or profit, under the authority of this state, shall before entering on the duties of said of ffice, take an oath or affirmation, before any person lawfully authorized to administer oaths, to support the constitution of the United States, and the constitution of this state, and also an oath of office.

SEC. 2. Treason against this state shall consist only in levying war against it, in adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort.

SEC. 3. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or his own confession in open court.

SEC. 4. The manner of administering an oath or af firmation shall be such as is most consistent with the conscience of the deponent, and shall be esteemed the most solemn appeal to God.

SEC. 5. Every person shall be disqualified from serving as governor, lieutenant-governor, senator, or representative, for the term for which he shall have been elected, who shall have been convicted of having given or offered any bribe, treat or reward, to procure his election.

SEC. 6. All officers shall reside within the state; and all district, county, or town officers, within their respective districts, counties or towns, (the trustees of the town of Clarksville excepted,) and shall keep their respective offices at such places therein as may be directed by law; and all militia officers shall reside within the bounds of the division, brigade, regiment, battallion, or company, to which they may severally belong.

SEC. 7. There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in this state, otherwise than for the punishment of crimes, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. Nor shall any, indenture of any negro or mulatto hereafter made and executed out of the bounds of this state, be of any validity within the state.

SEC. 8. No act of the general assembly shall be in force until it shall have been published in print, unless in cases of emergency.

SEC. 9. All commissions shall be in the name, and by the authority, of the state of Indiana, and sealed with the state seal, and signed by the governor, and attested by the secretary of state.

SEC. 10. There shall be elected in each county, a recorder, who shall hold his office during the term of seven years, if he shall so long behave well: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall prevent the clerks of the circuit courts from holding the office of recorder.

SEC. 11. Corydon, in Harrison county, shall be the

seat of government of the state of Indiana until the year eighteen hundred and twenty-five, and until removed by law.

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SEC. 12. The general assembly, when they lay off. ny new county, shall not reduce the old county, or counties, from which the same shall be taken, to a less content than four hundred square miles.

SEC. 13. No person shall hold more than one luerative office at the same time, except as in this constitution expressly permitted..

SEC. 14. No person shall be appointed as a county officer, within any county, who shall not have been a citizen and an inhabitant therein, one year next preceding his appointment, if the county shall have been so long erected; but if the county shall not have been so long erected, then within the limits of the county or counties out of which it shall have been taken.

SEC. 15. All town and township officers shall be appointed in such manner as shall be directed by law.

SEC. 16. The following officers of government shall not be allowed greater annual salaries, until the year eighteen hundred and nineteen, than as follows:-the governor, one thousand dollars; the secretary of state, four hundred dollars; the auditor of public accounts, four hundred dollars; the treasurer, four hundred dollars; the judges of the supreme court, eight hundred dollars each; the presidents of the circuit courts, eight hundred dollars each; and the members of the general assembly, not exceeding two dollars per day each, during their attendance on the same; and two dollars for every twenty-five miles they shall severally travel, on the most usual route in going to, and returning from the general assembly; after which time, their pay shall be regulated by law. But no law, passed to increase the pay of the members of the general assembly, shall take effect until after the close of the session at which such law shall have been passed.

SEC. 17. In order that the boundaries of the state of Indiana may more certainly be known and established, it Is hereby ordained and declared, that the following shall be, and forever remain the boundaries of the said state, to-wit: Bounded on the east, by the meridian line which forms the western boundary of the state of Ohio; on the

south, by the Ohio river, from the mouth of the Great Miami river to the mouth of the river Wabash; on the west, by a line drawn along the middle of the Wabash river, from its mouth to a point, where a due north line drawn from the town of Vincennes would last touch the northwestern shore of the said Wabash river; and from thence, by a due north line until the same shall intersect an east and west line drawn through a point ten miles north of the southern extreme of lake Michigan; on the north, by the said east and west line, until the same shall intersect the first mentioned meridian line, which forms the western boundary of the state of Ohio.

ARTICLE XII.

SEC. 1. That no evils or inconvenience may arise from the change of a territorial government to a permanent state government, it is declared by this constitution, that all rights, suits, actions, prosecutions, recognizances, contracts, and claims, both as it respects individuals and bodies corporate, shall continue as if no change had taken place in this government.

SEC. 2. All fines, penalties, and forfeitures, due and owing to the territory of Indiana, or any county therein, shall inure to the use of the state or county. All bonds executed to the governor, or any other officer, in his official capacity in the territory, shall pass over to the governor, or other officers of the state or county, and their successors in office, for the use of the state or county, or by him or them to be respectively assigned over to the use of those concerned, as the case may be.

SEC. 3. The governor, secretary, and judges, and all other officers, both civil and military, under the territorial government, shall continue in the exercise of the duties of their respective departments, until the said officers are superseded under the authority of this constitu

tion.

SEC. 4. All laws and parts of laws now in force in this territory, not inconsistent with this constitution, shall continue and remain in full force and effect until they expire, or be repealed.

SEC. 5. The governor shall use his private seal until a state seal be procured.