roadside, and pays for the same according to results. Adjoining cultivators are allowed to take the fruit in exchange for their care of the trees. The following extracts from the account of his travels by Marco Polo show that the planting of trees by the roadside and elsewhere in India is not a recent custom alone:

The Great Khan (of Tartary) now reigning [1298] by the name of Cublay Khan. Khan being a title which signifieth "The Great Lord of Lords," or Emperor. And of a surety he hath good right to such a title, for all men know of a certain truth that he is the most potent man as regards forces and lands and treasures that existeth in the world, or even hath existed from the time of our First Father Adam until this day.

The Emperor moreover hath taken order that all the highways traveled by his messengers and the people generally should be planted with great rows of trees a few paces apart; and thus these trees are visible a long way off, and no one can miss the way by day or night. Even the roads through uninhabited tracts are thus planted, and it is the greatest possible solace to travelers. And this is done on all the ways where it can be of service. (The Great Khan plants these trees all the more readily, because his astrologers and diviners tell him that he who plants trees lives long.)

CHAPTER X.-THE PALACE OF THE GREAT KHAN.

Moreover, on the north side of the palace, about a bow-shot off, there is a hill which has been made by art (from earth dug out of the lake); it is a good hundred paces in height and a mile in compass. This hill is entirely covered with trees that never lose their leaves, but remain ever green. And I assure you that wherever a beautiful tree may exist and the Emperor gets news of it, he sends for it and has it transported bodily with all its roots and the earth attached to them and planted on that hill of his. No matter how big the tree may be, he gets it carried by his elephants; and in this way he has gotten together the most beautiful collection of trees in all the world. And he has also caused the whole hill to be covered with ore of azure, which is very green. And thus not only are the trees all green, but the hill itself is green likewise; and there is nothing to be seen on it that is not green; and hence it is called the Green Mount; and, in good sooth, 'tis named well.

The following edict is graven on the Delhi pillar, which dates from 250 B. C.:

Along the highways I have caused fig trees to be planted, that they may be for shade to animals and men. I have also planted many trees; at every halfcoss I have caused wells to be constructed and resting places for night.

LAWS IN REGARD TO TREE PLANTING IN VARIOUS STATES.

Massachusetts. In 1896 the Massachusetts Legislature established for the first time the office of tree warden. This office is still in force. It is the duty of the tree warden to preserve trees from injury by insects and to make proper regulations for their protection. He is given considerable authority. He expends all money appropriated for setting out and maintaining public shade trees. Outside the residential part of a town no person but the tree warden or his deputy

Bordered by pleasant shade trees, so planted that one travels in alternating shadow and sunlight. A good road attracts many travelers.

A. CONSTRUCTION LESSON, SECOND GRADE PRACTICE SCHOOL, NORMAL SCHOOL, WASHINGTON, D. C.

The figures are free-hand cuttings from poses by children. The setting for the figures is rapid water-color sketching by normal students.

has any right to cut or remove in whole or part public shade trees. Within the residential portion the tree warden may trim the trees, but nothing more without a public hearing, notice of which must be given by posting in two public places and on the tree itself. (Laws of 1899, chap. 330, secs. 1 and 3.)

The Revised Law of Massachusetts provides for a fine of not less than $5 and not more than $100 for the man who allows any animal driven by him or belonging to him to injure, deface, or destroy a tree on the highway. This is done to prevent hitching a horse to any and every tree that seems convenient. (Sec. 6.)

New York.-A law of the State of New York enacted in 1869, and still in force, provides that any inhabitant liable to highway tax who shall plant by the side of a public road "any forest shade trees or fruit trees" shall be allowed in abatement for his highway tax $1 for every 4 trees set out.

Penalties are prescribed for anyone who shall injure a tree or shall hitch a horse to a shade tree or leave one standing near enough to injure it at any "schoolhouse, church, public building, or along any public highway."

The common council of Albany passed an ordinance in 1871 providing that

No person shall maintain or plant in the city of Albany any tree of the species commonly called Cottonwood, and any person who shall maintain or suffer any such tree to remain after reasonable notice by the street department to remove it, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall incur a penalty not exceeding $10 a day for each day such tree shall remain after notice to remove, or by imprisonment in the Albany County Penitentiary not exceeding three months, or both at the discretion of the court.

All cottonwoods in Albany were cut down. The ordinance is still in force.

The revised law of 1899 provides for a fine not exceeding $50 for anyone who affixes to any tree in a public way or place, a play bill, picture, announcement, notice, advertisement, or other thing, whether in writing or otherwise, or cuts, paints, or marks such tree, except for the purpose of protecting it and under the written permit of the tree warden. (Sec. 5.)

Connecticut. Every person planting, protecting, and cultivating elm, maple, tulip, ash, basswood, oak, black walnut, hickory, apple, pear, or cherry trees, not more than 60 feet apart along any highway in Connecticut may be paid 10 cents a year for every such tree, but for not more than five years. (Laws 1902, chap. 244.)

Pennsylvania.-Any person liable to road tax in Pennsylvania who shall transplant to the side of the road on his own premises any fruit, shade, or forest tree of suitable size shall be allowed $1 on his 94048°-13-2

road tax for every 2 trees set out. (Chap. 306, Laws 1901, secs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.)

Any tree growing naturally by the side of a highway running through cultivated land shall be allowed for in the same manner.

Trees planted on highways in place of trees that have died shall be allowed as provided in the first section.

No person may be allowed for the planting and care of trees more than $4 of annual road tax.

SUGGESTIVE PROGRAM FOR GOOD ROADS ARBOR DAY.

1. Song-Tree Plantings. (Tune-America.)

Plant trees by stream and way,

Plant them where children play,
And toilers rest;

In every verdant vale,

On every sunny swale;

Whether to grow or fail

God knoweth best.

-SAMUEL F. SMITH,

2. Roll call-Answered by Selections from Roadside Gleanings

3. Reading Meaning of Good Roads Arbor Day.

4. Reading-History of American Roads.

5. Recitation-The Open Road. BLISS Carmen.

6. Recitation-The Song Sparrow. VAN DYKE,

7. Motion song-Planting the Tree. RUTH BARNES. (Small children.)

8. Reading-Tree Planting in Foreign Countries.

in Tartary.)

9. Recitation-Some Interesting Law Points.

(Saxony, India, Marco Polo

10. Dramatization of Appleseed John, by small children, or debate on assigned subject by older pupils.

11. Song. (Selected.)

12. Brief reports of observations:

The Condition of the Roads of Our Country.

The Shaded Roads.

The Beautiful Trees on the Way to School.

13. Recitation-The Heart of the Tree. H. C. BUNNER,

14. Song. (Selected.)

15. Outdoor feature.

16. Song-America.

SUGGESTIONS.

The above program is suggestive. One made by the school, as an outgrowth of the work before the day of celebration, will be more pleasing to the school.

Every child should take some part in the exercises.

The program should move rapidly. One that is too short is far better than one that is too long.