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meaning is clear.

The difficulty arises from the abrupt change in construction, and the use of have instead of have been.

III. ii. 253. Within these forty hours. Forty is used indefinitely.

III. ii. 255. Thou scarlet sin. A mocking allusion to the color of the cardinal's robe.

III. ii. 282. And dare us with his cap like larks. Dare here means confuse, terrify, daze. The allusion is to a method of confusing larks by means of a piece of scarlet cloth fastened to a small mirror.

III. ii. 311. You wrought to be a legate. You worked to be made a legate of the Pope.

III. ii. 323. Ferrara. The Duke of Ferrara.

III. ii. 340. praemunire. There were several statutes of praemunire, the main object of which was to restrict papal authority in England.

III. ii. 399. a tomb of orphans' tears. "The chancellor is the general guardian of orphans. A 'tomb of tears' is very harsh."

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JOHNSON.

III. ii. 455. Had I but serv'd my God. Holinshed writes: "I see the matter how it is framed; but if I had serued God as diligentlie as I haue doone the king, he would not haue giuen me ouer in my greie haires."

IV. i. 8. have shown at full their royal minds. Have shown their minds to be loyal to the king.

IV. i. s. d. 6. Collars of SS. The Folio reads "Collars of Esses." These collars had S-shaped links. The Cinqueports were Dover, Hastings, Sandwich, Hythe, and Romney.

IV. ii. 32. give me leave to speak him. This judgment of Wolsey is based upon the following from Holinshed, who quotes from Halle: "This cardinall

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of a great stomach, for he compted himselfe equall with princes, & by craftie suggestion gat into his hands innumerable treasure: he forced little on simonie, and was not pittifull, and stood affectionate in his owne opinion: in open presence he would lie and saie vntruth, and was double both in speach and meaning: he would promise much & performe little: he was vicious of his bodie, & gaue the clergie euill example."

IV. ii. 59. Ipswich and Oxford. Wolsey founded a college at Ipswich, of which the gateway alone exists; he was the founder also of Christ Church College, Oxford, the original name of which was Cardinal College.

IV. ii. 92. I shall, assuredly. I shall be worthy. IV. ii. 107. Admit him entrance. Let him enter. IV. ii. 141. both my fortunes. The meaning is, when I was queen, and also in my adversity.

V. i. 13. late business. Business that keeps you up so late.

V. i. 28. Of mine own way. Who holds the same views about religion.

V. i. 106. You a brother of us. A member of the Privy Council.

V. i. 122. The good I stand on. The good basis I stand on.

V. i. 129. not ever.

Not in every case.

V. ii. 22. Body o' me. A petty oath.

V. iii. 11.

capable of our flesh. Yielding to human

weakness.

V. iii. 22. Pace 'em not in their hands.

to train them by merely leading them.

Do not try

V. iii. 30. The upper Germany. Alluding to the revolutionary disturbances of the Anabaptists, 1525–1535.

V. iii. 38.

with a single heart. Sincerely.

V. iii. 50.

by that virtue. By virtue of your position. Your painted gloss, etc. Your fair exterior

V. iii. 71.

reveals, to men who can see into you, mere words and weakness.

V. iii. 125. They. The commendations. V. iii. 167. you'd spare your spoons. It was customary for the sponsor to give to a newly baptized child apostle spoons, so called because the figures of the apostles were stamped upon the handles.

V. iv. 2. Paris-garden.

the Globe Theater.

A well-known bear garden near

V. iv. 22. Sir Guy, nor Colbrand. Sir Guy of Warwick, a hero of medieval romance, slew Colbrand the Danish giant. V. iv. 27. for a cow. Proverbial, used in assertions. V. iv. 33. Moorfields. Here the trainbands drilled. V. iv. 42. brazier. Literally, a brass-worker. Here used with a punning allusion to its second meaning, a vessel for holding burning charcoal.

V. iv. 47. to blow us. To blow us to pieces.

V. iv. 55. forty truncheoners.

weapon was a club.

Apprentices, whose

V. iv. 65, 66. the tribulation of Tower-hill or the limbs of Limehouse. The two phrases seem to class together noisy Puritan congregations and young rioters of the slums. Attempts of commentators to give more explicit explanations are unsupported by evidence.

V. iv. 68. in Limbo Patrum. In prison. Limbus Patrum bordered on hell. It was the abode of the saints who were born before Christ, and they waited here until Christ's descent into hell.

V. iv. 70. running banquet. A whipping.

V. iv. 74. made a fine hand. Made a fine mess.

V. iv. 85. baiting of bombards. Attacking wine skins, as dogs bait a bear.

V. v. 41. phoenix. The reference is to the fabulous bird named the phoenix, only one of which existed at a time. At the end of each five hundred years it was consumed by fire, and from the ashes arose a new phoenix.

V. v. 53. make new nations. Reference doubtless to the settlement of Virginia.

Tertual Bariants

The text in the present edition is based on the First Folio, and the following list records the more important variations from that version.

I. i.

ii.

iii.

II. i.

42. All] Theobald; Buc. All F1.

47, 48. as you guess? Nor.] F.; Nor. As you guess F1.

63. web, he] Capell; web, O Ff.

167. rinsing] Pope; wrenching Ff.

219. chancellor] Theobald; Councellour Ff.
221. [Nicholas] from Holinshed; Michaell Ff.
164. confession's] from Holinshed; commis-
sions Ff.

179. him] Rowe; this Ff.

12. saw] Pope; see Ff.

13. Or] A Ff.

53. [William] from Holinshed; Walter Ff. 86. mark] Warburton; make Ff.

ii.

63.

iii.

III. ii.

61.

...

[Norfolk] . . . King] and the King drawes the Curtaine and sits Ff.

of you] Capell; of you, to you Ff. 171. fil'd] Hanmer; fill'd Ff.

343. Chattels] Theobald; Castles Ff.

V. iii. 85, 87. [Chan.] Cham. Ff.

125. bare] Malone conj.; base Ff.
133. this] Rowe; his Ff.

156

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