and American courage. The success gained by a mass of such physical forces against another of the same character is no proof that such a force could stand against a well-disciplined, well-drilled military body, armed with the destructive appliances of modern warfare.

The two great wars that preceded our recent one demonstrated this fact, that the pride and glory of the greatest · military nation of modern times, shouting "On to Berlin!" soon met its Sedan, and witnessed the triumphant occupation of the city of Paris by the more skilled and better equipped German forces. The vast hordes of brave Chinese were no match for the skillful Japanese, though they outnumbered the latter twelve to one. While we, in the last war, raised the great force of 278,000 men, it is perfectly well known to all military men that some of the appliances were obsolete and insufficient, either for effective service or to protect the lives and health of the heroic men who had volunteered in their country's service. From the days of Valley Forge to the present, the suffering and death of large numbers of men can be traced directly to the want of thorough and proper system, of efficient organization, of rigid responsibility and accountability on the part of all officials, added to the fact that the conduct of military affairs has not been in the hands of military men whose experience and record for efficiency and integrity has been demonstrated by years of service. If thousands of men are mustered into service when there is not sufficient clothing, camp equipage and garrison equipage, tentage, transportation and proper supplies of quartermaster's, commissary, and medical stores to furnish them the requirements and necessities of life, they cannot be considered an efficient army or army corps. They are simply so many men employed and kept or bound to service by the sanctity of their oath of enlistment. Inferior, insufficient and conspicuous white canvas, inferior clothing material, inferior and unsuitable food, inferior artillery, short-range, single-breechloading rifles, black powder, are things obsolete, and should be classed with the spear, the bow and arrow, the pike, the flint-lock, the smooth-bore, and other implements of the past. This is the age of progress in the art of war, as well as in all the other arts and sciences. It

is the day of the long range, low trajectory, wonderfully penetrating, smokeless powder rifle. It is the age of the rapid-fire machine gun, capable of throwing from 400 to 700 projectiles per minute; the enormous 100-ton gun, capable of throwing a projectile weighing one ton 14 miles; the day of dynamite guns, throwing from 10 to 500 pounds of high explosives; the day of the range finder and plotting-board; of well-directed and well-controlled military balloons; of the electric telegraph and telephone; steam power—all utilized in modern appliances, the most destructive in warfare.

The achievements of our Army in 100 days, notwithstanding all its defects and embarrassments, have added a chapter of glory to the military history of the United States. Her sons have exhibited the grandest patriotism, heroism, fortitude and sacrifice. The campaign was offensive from start to finish. There was scarcely a check. There was not a single reverse or disaster or retreat. Not an inch of ground was lost, not a soldier captured. It was one series of successes, notwithstanding the trials and difficulties and obstacles to be surmounted. Nearly twelve millions of people have been liberated from the cruel despotism of a monarchical government and admitted to the sunlight of freedom, where justice and independence and liberty are assured. The territory acquired is of enormous area, although portions of it may yet be given to the native occupants. Yet the island of Puerto Rico alone, which will remain as part of the territory of the United States, is valued at more millions than the entire cost of the war with Spain, and we may well greet our noble sailors and soldiers with the cheerful welcome, "Hail and well done.”

Prisont. Miles

ADDENDUM.

CONDITION OF CUBA UNDER SPANISH MISRULE.

SPEECH OF

HON. REDFIELD PROCTOR

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES MARCH 17, 1898.

Mr. President, more importance seems to be attached by others to my recent visit to Cuba than I have given it, and it has been suggested that I make a public statement of what I saw and how the situation impressed me. This I do on account of the public interest in all that concerns Cuba, and to correct some inaccuracies that have, not unnaturally, appeared in reported interviews with me.

My trip was entirely unofficial and of my own motion, not suggested by any one. The only mention I made of it to the President was to say to him that I contemplated such a trip and to ask him if there was any objection to it; to which he replied that he could see none. No one but myself, therefore, is responsible for anything in this statement. Judge Day gave me a brief note of introduction to General Lee, and I had letters of introduction from business friends at the North to bankers and other business men at Habana, and they in turn gave me letters to their correspondents in other cities. These letters to business men were very useful, as one of the principal purposes of my visit was to ascertain the views of practical men of affairs upon the situation.

Of General Lee I need say little. His valuable services to his country in his trying position are too well known to all his countrymen to require mention. Besides his ability, high character and courage, he possesses the important requisites of unfailing tact and courtesy, and, withal, his military education and training and his soldierly qualities are invaluable adjuncts in the equipment of our representative in a country so completely under military rules as is Cuba. General Lee kindly invited us to sit at