A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. Phonetic Spelling, by W. Sparrow Simpson, B.A. A Marriage in High Life Page 358 359 Minor Notes:- Unwritten Historical Minutiæ- Family 359 360 360 360 66 PHONETIC SPELLING. In Howell's Familiar Letters, on what would be, if it were paged, p. 256. (edit. 8vo. London, 1650), is an address "To the Intelligent Reader," from which we learn that an attempt to introduce a phonetic spelling of the English language was then made by the author. He did not, however, project so great a change as the more recent professors of the phonetic art, the editor of The Phonetic News for example, the first number of which paper, published 6th January, 1849, is now before me. In this paper the phonetic alphabet is made to consist of forty letters and two auxiliary signs," with several additional letters to express "foreign sounds which do not occur in English." Howell, however, is content to remove such letters as appear to him redundant. A portion of his "address" is worth transferring to your columns, as it may, perhaps, be followed by a few notes from other correspondents, which may ultimately furnish materials for a brief sketch of the history of 366 phonetics. Till I met with this passage, I was not aware that the phonetic reformers could claim as their supporter an author of such antiquity as Howell. He speaks on this wise: 361 363 364 364 366 366 368 On the World lasting 6000 Years, by W. Pinkerton, &c. 367 "Saw you my Father" Photography applied to Archæology, and practised in the Replies to Minor Queries: - Paley's MS. Lectures- "The Shift Shifted"-Anecdote of Milton - Muffs 370 370 371 "Amongst other reasons which make the English Language of so small extent, and put strangers out of conceit to learn it, one is, that we do not pronounce as we write, which proceeds from divers superfluous letters, that occur in many of our words, which adds to the difficulty of the language: Therefore the Author hath taken pains to retrench such redundant, unnecessary letters in this work (though the Printer hath not bin so carefull as he should have bin) as amongst multitudes of other words may appear in these few, done, some, come; which though wee, to whom the speech is connaturall, pronounce as monosyllables, yet when strangers com to read them, they are apt to make them dissillabls, as do-ne, so-me, co-me, therefore such an e is superfluous.” Amongst the changes which the author advocates, many agree with our present orthography, as physic, favor, war, pity, not physique, favour, warre, pitie; but in others he differs greatly from the received mode, as he proposes peeple, tresure, toung, parlement, &c., for people, treasure, tongue, by the Revd Mr. Tho. Tooly, M. A., and sometime parliament, &c. He adds: EPITAPH ON THE REV. JOHN MORTON, M.A. In my possession is a copy of Morton's Natural History of Northamptonshire, containing the following MS. notes by the Rev. Thomas Baker: "John Morton, Coll. Eman. Art. Bac. an. 1691 (Regr. Acad.). John Morton, Coll. Eman. Art. Mr. an. 1695. Ibid. Fellow of St. Joh. Coll. Oxon., and is on a Monument in Oxendon Church Com. Northton., erected at the expence of 20 lib. given by Dr. Sloan, for his collection of naturall Curiosities. The Date is wanting." H. T. WAKE. Stepney. LINES ON THE MIRACLE OF TURNING THE WATER INTO WINE. Some schoolboy and collegiate myths respecting a line or two on the first miracles in Cana of Galilee have gained considerable celebrity. Campbell, however (Essay on English Poetry, & p. 224., London, 1848), traces the matter to its source by producing the following from an epigram by Richard Crashaw, the friend and intimate of Cowley : "Lympha pudica Deum vidit et erubuit." "The modest water saw its God, and blush'd."¡ So Aaron Hill: "When Christ, at Cana's feast, by pow'r divine, In Vida's Christiad, which no less competent a Joh. Morton, Coll. Eman. Quadr. admissus in Matric. judge than Milton himself pronounced the best Acad. Cant. Dec. 17. 1688. poem extant upon a sacred subject, these lines After all, may not Crashaw have been indebted to Psalm lxxvii. 16.: "The waters saw Thee, O God! the waters saw Thee; they were afraid; the depths also were troubled." This last quotation has carried me insensibly away to a very forcible version of Psalm cxiv. by Cowley, whom I am old-fashioned enough to admire vast ly, notwithstanding his many fanciful "What ail'd the mighty sea to flee? Or why did Jordan's tyde Back to his fountain glide? Why leapt the hills? why did the mountains shake? What ail'd them their fixt natures to forsake? Fly where thou wilt, O Sea! And Jordan's current cease; For at God's word, whene'er He please, Warmington. INSCRIPTION ON THE CHURCH AT BAVENNO. Some months since, returning from an Italian tour, and staying for an evening at the beautifully situated inn of Bavenno, on the shore of the Lago Magore, I sauntered into the little church adjacent, and there read a modern copy of an ancient inscription as follows: "Trophimus Ti. Claudii Cæs. Augusti Germanici Ser. Et Tarpeiæ sacrum." From this reading of the inscription, it would appear that the church in question had been dedicated by Trophimus, the servant or freeman of Claudius Cæsar. I do not think that chronology will allow us to identify him with the Trophimus mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistle to Timothy. I have looked in vain in several Latin and classical dictionaries for the word Daridinianus. Perhaps some of your correspondents would have the kindness to give me some clue to, or explanation of, the word; as also any note of the erection of a church, which would certainly seem to date from the first century. A. B. R. Belmont. A MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE. More than fifty years have passed since the fol lowing narrative was related by an old gentleman, above seventy years of age, as having occurred in his youth. Its date may therefore be about 1740. A nobleman having broken his constitution and injured his estate by a career of dissipation, determined to marry and reform; and having paid his addresses to an heiress, and been duly accepted, the wedding-day was fixed, and great preparations made for its celebration. In those times news travelled slowly, and the intelligence of the courtship only reached the lady's aunt (from whom she had large expectations), in a distant county, three or four days before the bridal day. She was, however, an energetic woman of the old school: she posted to London, and made such good use of her time, that she succeeded in setting the match aside. But the letter announcing this was only written by her niece late on the preceding night, and was dispatched very early on the purposed wedding-day, and being taken to the bridegroom's bedside, was read by him there. A short time after he told his valet to go into the servants' hall, and inquire if any of the women would be married that morning. The servants, knowing their lord's generosity and fondness for joking, thought that he wished to signalise his own marriage by portioning another couple, and laughingly declined. The valet returned, and said, "There is nobody that can be married to-day, my Lord, but the country wench that came up last week, and she says that she has no sweetheart." "Oh!" he re The church was obviously of great antiquity; but the introduction into this inscription of the names Daria et Diana, would have led to the notion that it had been erected originally on the site of a temple dedicated to some heathen deities: though, how a Daria became connected with a Diana, I could not possibly conjecture. On entering the church, however, I found that the inscription, as given above, was but a blundering miscopy of a much older inscription; and that the fifth line should, instead of Daria et Diana, beplied, Daridinianus, being evidently a patronymic or surname of the Trophimus in the first line: thus, the inscription, correctly, would run thus: "Trophimus Ti. Claudii Cæs. Et Tarpeia sacrum," "tell her to put on her Sunday dress, and come to me in the blue breakfast-room." He dressed in the suit prepared: they met; and the result of that interview must be known by its consequences. A mantle and veil of lace was thrown over the country dress of a modest, handsome, and lively village girl, and she became that morning a peeress of England! Much sensation was caused; but in the world of fashion it was only a nine days' wonder; for the married pair went immediately from London. She possessed an excellent disposi tion and strong good sense. With renewed health and spirits his lordship's enjoyment of country life increased, his property improved by care, and, above all, a beautiful progeny surrounded him and their devoted domestic mother, who affectionately closed his eyes in peace, receiving his parting blessing many years after his happy choice! E. D. Minar Rates. Unwritten Historical Minutia. - Events of a common order, handed down from sire to son, may be unworthy of the "dignity of history," but they are sometimes interesting. Two or three of this kind have come to my knowledge, and I forward one of them to the "N. & Q.," with a view to their publicity, if they are deemed of sufficient import ance. An elderly acquaintance of mine had a greatuncle, who died in the year 1818, aged ninetythree. This person remembered hearing his grandfather speak of Charles I. passing through the village of Hugglescote, Leicestershire, with a party of cavalry. They halted at the village inn, then kept by a person named Robert Hall, the soldiers being drawn up in line in front of the inn, while a servant carried a milkpail full of ale from trooper to trooper, in which was a jug, with which each man supplied himself with a draught of the beverage. The party did not dismount, but the officers did, one of the party taking his horse to the village blacksmith to be shod. When the farrier turned up the horse's foot to examine the shoe, he observed the initials C. R., mounted by a crown, and he immediately suspected it was the king's horse. He asked the principal person of the party if he had the honour of shoeing the king's horse. The person spoken to replied he had, and that he was the king. The blacksmith immediately fell on his knees in reverence to the king, who bade him rise and shoe the horse well, and entered into conversation with him in an affable and pleasant manner. The horse being shod, the party rode off rapidly, as they had arrived, apparently as if closely pursued by an enemy. The incident was also told to my friend's greatuncle by the grandson of the blacksmith, who heard it related by the eye-witness himself. JAYTEE. parlour, and which was given him by Marmaduke Tunstall, Esq. She died in 1788, aged seventy-six." J. R. M., M.A. Queries. POLISH CUSTOM AT THE REPETITION OF THE CREED. Wheatly, in his Rational Illustration of the Book of Common Prayer, tells us that the Creed stand up stoutly in the defence of it. And in Poland "Is to be repeated standing, to signify our resolution to and Lithuania the nobles used formerly to draw their swords, in token that, if need were, they would defend and seal the truth of it with their blood.” — Page 147. Oxford, 1839. In his note I find this reference, "See Durell's View, &c., sect. i. 24. p. 37." Wheatly speaks as if history, but when Dr. South wrote his most inthis interesting custom had become a matter of structive letter to Dr. Edward Pococke, which is dated Dantzic, December 16, 1677, the Poles seem as a body to have unsheathed their swords in part at the reading of any portion of the Gospel. He says: "Amongst other things worthy of remark, I observed here, for I never thought it a damnable sin (like our sectarists in England, who call themselves by the soft names of Protestant Dissenters) to be acquainted with their ceremonies at saying mass, that whilst any part of the Gospel was reading, every man drew his sword half way out of its scabbard, to testifie his forwardness to defend the Christian Faith, which has been a custom put in practice throughout all Poland, ever since the reign of King Micislaus, who was the first of that character in this kingdom who embraced Christianity, in the year of our Lord 964, and was the first sovereign prince of it that renounced Paganism."-South's Posthumous Works, p. 41.: Lond. 1717, 8vo. different parts of the same custom, and perhaps Wheatly and South are, I suppose, alluding to some of your correspondents may know whether any traces of it remain at the present, or did remain to a period later than Wheatly. Warmington. SIR ABRAHAM SHIPMAN, KNIGHT; WILLIAM COCKAYNE, ETC. Rr. Who was Sir Abraham Shipman; to what family did he belong; and where did he reside? I find him mentioned as a legatee in two wills about the middle of the seventeenth century: William Methold, Esq., of Hall House, Kensington, and South Pickenham, co. Norfolk, by his will, dated Feb. 28, 1652-3, and proved April 15, 1653, bequeaths 50l. to his friend Sir Abraham Shipman, Kt., and a like sum to Mrs. Margaret Shipman, his daughter; Aaron Mico, Esq., merchant of London, who married Joanna, one of the daughters of the above-named William Methold, by his will dated Jan. 3, 1658-9, and proved April 20, 1659, bequeaths 10l. to his dear friend Sir A. S., and Mrs. Margaret S., his daughter. And whilst speaking of these wills, who was Mr. William Cockayne, who is mentioned in both of them as having married another of William Methold's daughters? What relation was he to Sir William Cockayne, living about this time, and Lord Mayor of London? Likewise, who were Arthur and Joanna Barnardiston, whom Wm. Methold calls his "brother and sister?" Who were John and Katherine Goodwyn, and their son Mr. Deane Goodwyn, whom he also speaks of as "brother and sister ?" I may mention this William Methold was representative of the Metholds of South Pickenham, co. Norfolk, who were a younger branch of the Metholds of Langford, co. Norfolk, of which place they had been lords since Henry III.'s reign. The name is variously spelled: Methwolde, Methoulde, and Methelwold. He was a merchant in London; was seised of very large estates in Middlesex, Norfolk, Yorkshire, Somersetshire, and Wiltshire; and was founder of the Methold almshouses at Kensington. TEWARS. NOTES FROM FLY-LEAVES: EIKON BASILIKE. The pages of "N. & Q." have already exhibited some interesting MS. memoranda from the flyleaves of books. The following are from a copy of the original edition of the Eikon Basilike, which has lately come into my possession. The copy in question is a very fine one in old morocco, date 1648, with the royal arms on the sides, the same as borne by the Stuarts before the union with Scotland, encircled with the garter, and surmounted by a crown. On the first fly-leaf is the following memorandum twice written, in an apparently cotemporary hand: that mentioned by SIR HENRY ELLIS, Vol. i., 1. Is mine (which appears to me identical with P. 137.) the editio princeps, of which 30,000 are the royal martyr suffered? and is there any truth in this latter report? said to have been sold around the scaffold on which 2. How many editions of the work are there? and which has the disputed motto on the titlepage, « ΤΟ ΧΙ ΟΥΔΕΝ ΗΔΙΚΗΣΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΟΛΙΝ ΟΥΔΕ ТО КАППА?" 3. Is anything known for certain respecting the royal arms being so frequently found on the covers of Eikon Basilike? MR. E. B. PRICE (Vol. ii., p. 255.) says vaguely, “It may have been, perhaps, not unusual to occasionally so distinguish works of this description, published in or about that year (1660)." What more probable than that they were presented by Charles II. to the old adherents of his father, the gallant cavaliers? I have several copies of, and memoranda respecting, this work; and, as I take a great interest in it, any additional gleanings would be most thankfully received by E. S. TAYLOR. Minor Queries. Formyl.-Will some of your chemical readers tell me: 1. When formyl was discovered; 2. By whom; and 3. Whence that term is derived? I can gain no information from Christieson and ANATOL. "Upon the Death of King Charles the First; Mont- Pereira. rosse; written with the point of his sword: "Great, Good, and Just! could I but rate Charlatans of the last Century. Reading the other day a work entitled Practical Philosophy of Social Life, after the German of Baron Knigge, 1799, I met the following passage: |