were upon him, and with them came another element of character

courage.

We saw the spirit that was in him when the boy of sixteen confronted the brawny boatman and laid him sprawling on the deck, and the quick generosity that made the conquered boatman his friend. The same spirit carried him through the hardships and difficulties of a midwinter campaign to the victory of Middle Creek, which led him singly and alone to confront the opinions of seventeen generals in the movement on Tallahoma, which impelled him to ride through the leaden hail of Chickamauga. In the planning of the Chickamauga campaign we have witnessed judgment adjusting its balances, calmly weighing difficulties, forming deliberate opinions, summoning determination, courage, and perseverance to execute the plans, and winning the campaign. Such power of judgment requires foresight — that faculty of mind which can look from the beginning to the end-estimating everything at its just value.

But these are physical and mental qualities; an individual may have them and yet not be a man.

"Worth makes the man."

A century has rolled away since Alexander Pope penned the words, but time has not diminished their truthfulness. It was but the expression of a universal truth.

The fiber of James A. Garfield's manhood has other qualities, higher and nobler- those that constitute character. No child is born with character; it does

not come by birth, nor is it attained in a day. It is growth the bloom of childhood the fruitage of maturer years. It cannot be put on and off like a garment at pleasure, worn to-day, laid aside to-morrow; it is an unchangeable habit. It is not what others think of us; it is what we are. God's balance places Justice, Truth, and Right in one scale, and ourselves in the other. No man ever yet tipped the beam. Some men come nearer doing it than others, and he who comes nearest weighs most.

The citizens of Ashtabula county who know James A. Garfield best, have given expression to their appreciation of his character and reputation by keeping him in Congress eighteen years; the people of Ohio published their judgment to the world during the past winter, by electing him to the Senate of the United States, and now the Republican party, in the strength and vigor of its manhood, proclaims its faith in his character by selecting him to fill the highest office in the gift of the nation.

"Talents," says Goethe, "are nurtured best in solitude, but character on life's tempestuous sea.". Have there been any seas more tempestuous than that over which James A. Garfield has sailed?- the blood-red sea, swept by the storms of civil war the putting down of the most gigantic rebellion in the annals of history, the liberation of four million of slaves, their enfranchisement, the settlement of great questions relating to human rights, personal liberty, the finances, involving the permanency of the Republic, its mighty future and the welfare of forty millions of people?

In the discussion of these General Garfield has manifested ever catholicity of spirit. He is no bigot. Prejudice is foreign to his nature. He has no blows to give to an antagonist prostrate at his feet. The raised arm dropped, the muscles of his clenched fist relaxed, when, in his boyhood, the brawny boatman called parley. Political opponents respect one so fearless, honorable, and just. Many of his political opponents are his personal friends. His mind is judicial. He is not like the knight who saw only one side of the shield; he sees the other side. His generosity, kindness of heart, sense and honor prompts him to do things which in feudal days, and in the Southern States to-day, would be called chivalrous, but which with General Garfield is simply doing his duty. Such a man will be honest in his convictions. He may make mistakes; there may be error of judgment, but his action will be sincere. His convictions of justice and right have made him the unflinching lover of Truth and Liberty, the earnest advocate of Human Rights, the upright citizen, the unostentatious Christian, the honest man.

XXIX.

ANECDOTES AND INCIDENTS.

INCE the first pages of this sketch were written,

knew General Garfield in boyhood, and others who have been intimate with him through his maturer years. While they may not present anything of great importance, yet they illuminate, as it were, his life.

Rev. S. D. Bates, pastor of the Free-will Baptist Church, Marion, O., and now President of Ridgeville College, Ind., was the enthusiastic young teacher of the district school in Orange, who had much to do with turning General Garfield from the canal to the college. "My school at Orange," writes Mr. Bates, "was large and forward in the winter of 1848-9, and I was pressed for time to do all my work. To obviate this difficulty, I had an Arithmetic class of fifteen advanced students meet me at eight o'clock in the morning, to whom I gave a full hour, explaining and illustrating the principles involved, as a specialty in the exercises. The widowed mother of Garfield lived nearest to the schoolhouse, on the north. James had come home just before I commenced teaching, at the close of canal navigation, sick with the ague and fever, contracted

while on the canal. During nearly the entire winter he had an ague-chill every morning, and a burning fever each evening. In the early morning he felt comfortably well, and most of the winter came in weakness to the eight o'clock Arithmetic recitation. That one hour was all the time he was able to be in school each day till nearly spring. The circumstances made his appearance haggard and forbidding. He was then, though only seventeen years of age, as tall as now, but thin in flesh, pale and sallow in countenance, and, of course, largely uncultivated in manner. In appearance, he was unprepossessing. I soon saw, however, that his painful effort to reach the morning-class exercise, indicated a burning thirst for learning, and I was not long in discovering that, underneath the rough exterior, there was a jewel, a bright, sharp, comprehensive intellect. Though in such feeble health, he soon proved himself the best in the class, being at the same time one of the youngest. I believed he had the 'stuff in him' to make a splendid student, if he could be induced to give some years to study. How to do this was the difficult problem to solve. He had himself a passion for the sea. The blue waters of Lake Erie had a fascination that seemed impossible for him to resist. As his health improved towards spring, he seemed bound to go upon the lake when navigation should open.

"It was useless to talk to him then about a course of study. I tried, and succeeded in the experiment of leading him simply one step at a time.

I said to him, 'James, you are not sound enough in health yet to endure the hard work, the kicks and