Stanislawskiego, Ant.: Dante Alighieri. Boska Komedja przeklad A. S. Poznán, 1870, 8vo.

14. Hungarian.

Angyal, János: Alighieri Dante Divina Commediája (Isteni Szinjáteca). A Pokol. Olaszból fordította és jegyzetekkel kisérte, A. J. Budapest, 1878, 8vo. Cf. Kerthény: Dante in der ungarischen Literatur, 1873.

15. Roumanian.

The Transylvanian Densusianu translated Canto XXVI of the Purgatory in terza rima, and published it in Pestino, on the occasion of Dante's sixth centenary. Ellade Radulesco translated Canto VII of the Hell, and published it in the bi-monthly periodical, Typografical Roman, Oct. 1, 1870.

16. Armenian.

Only two attempts at translation into this language have hitherto been attempted, but these are highly praised by connoisseurs for their faithfulness and accuracy. These were published in the Armenian review Polyhistor, in 1866-67. Separately was published:

Nazareth, Davide: Terzine scelte della Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri. Traduzione Armena, col Testo in Fronte. Venice, 1875, 16mo, pp. 198. (It was reported that Father Nazareth was engaged on a translation of the whole Comedy; but nothing further has, to our knowledge, appeared.)

C. Dialects.

The Comedy has been translated into the Milanese dialect by Porta and by Candiani; into the Veronese, by Gaspari; into the Venetian, by Cappelli; into the Neapolitan, by Jaccarino and Di Lorenzi; and into the Calabrian, by Vicenzo Gallo,

Luigi Gallucci, and Francisco Limarzi. See Ferrazzi, Man. Dant., Vol. II, p. 498; Vol. IV, pp. 428-29; De Batines, Bibl. Dant., Vol. I, p. 236.

B. THE MINOR WORKS.

§ 8. EDITIONS. Any one who wishes fully to understand Dante's chief work must devote much careful study to his other works. This study was long neglected, as if the sun, which is The Comedy, had obscured the stars, which are the minor works. With the exception of The Love-Feast, which was first printed in 1490, the minor works were not printed till the sixteenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Although it seemed a very natural thing to make a collection of all these works, yet this was not attempted till toward the middle of the eighteenth century, — by Anton Maria Biscioni, whose edition was never completed.

So, likewise, the editions of Zatta, Ciardetti, and Torri remained incomplete. There are at present only two editions comprising the whole of Dante's minor works; the one, several times reprinted, is by the worthy Dantophil Pietro Fraticelli; for the other, just completed, with a diffuse commentary, we are indebted to the High Priest in the temple of Dante- Giambattista Giuliani.

Of the chief editions of the minor works separately we shall have something to say further on, in the different paragraphs of Chap. III. Here we shall speak only of those which embrace either all or most of them.

1. Biscioni's Edition.

Opere di Dante Alighieri, con le Annotazioni del dottore Anton Maria Biscioni, Fiorentino. Venice, 1741, 2 vols., 8vo. It forms Vols. IV and V of the edition of The Divine Comedy, published by Pasquali, 1739-41, reprinted in 1751. Vol. I contains The Love-Feast, and the Epistle to Henry VII in Italian; Vol. II, The New Life, the De Vulgari Eloquentia, Latin and Italian, and the Lyrics. Absent are the other Epistles, many of the Lyrics, the De Monarchia, the Eclogues, and the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra.

2. Zatta's Edition.

Prose e Rime liriche edite ed inedite di Dante Alighieri, con copiose ed erudite Aggiunte. Venice, 1758, 2 vols., 4to. It forms Vol. IV of Zatta's splendid edition of The Divine Comedy, and is divided into two parts. Pt. I contains The New Life, The Love-Feast, the Epistle to Henry VII (translated), the De Vulgari Eloquentia (Latin and Italian), the Lyrics, and the Epistle to Can Grande. Pt. II contains The Seven Penitential Psalms, The Creed, some verses of Dante's, and the De Monarchia. Lacking are many epistles and lyric poems, the Eclogues, and the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra.

3. Ciardetti's Edition.

Le Opere Minori di Dante, etc. Florence, 1830, 2 vols., 8vo. It forms Vols. IV and V of his reprint of the Paduan edition of The Divine Comedy. Vol. IV contains The LoveFeast (pp. 433-662), The New Life (pp. 663-725), the De Vulgari Eloquentia (in Italian only, pp. 727-789), and the Epistle to Henry VII (in Italian only, pp. 791-797). Vol. V contains the Lyrics (pp. 537-704). The bookseller Morini, having purchased this edition, completed it by adding a sixth volume, containing an Appendice alle Opere Minori, published in 1841.

4. Alessandro Torri's Edition.

Delle Prose e Poesie liriche di Dante Alighieri. Prima Edizione illustrata con Note di Diversi. Leghorn, 1843-50, 8vo. Vol. I, The New Life; Vol. III, De Monarchia; Vol. IV, De Vulgari Eloquentia; Vol. V, Epistolary, and Quaestio de Aqua et Terra. Vol. II, which was to contain The LoveFeast, and Vol. IV, which was to contain the Lyric Poems, the Eclogues, and the Psalms, were never published.

5. Fraticelli's Edition.

Opere Minori di Dante Alighieri. Florence, 1834-40, 3 vols., 8vo. New edit., Florence, Barbèra, 1861-62 [and 1873], 3 vols., 12mo. Best and complete edition, several times reprinted. (The Neapolitan edition of 1855, 1 vol, 8vo, is convenient and cheap.) Vol. I contains the Italian Lyrics, and the Latin Poems; Vol. II, The New Life, the De Vulgari Eloquentia, the De Monarchia, and the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra; Vol. III, The Love-Feast and the Epistles.

6. Giuliani's Edition.

Opere Minori di Dante Alighieri, reintegrate nel Testo e Commentate. Florence, Le Monnier, 1868-82, 4 vols., 12mo. Good complete edition. Vol. I, The New Life and the Lyric Poems (1868); Vol. II (in two pts.), The Love-Feast; Vols. III and IV, the Latin Works (1878-82). The commentary somewhat lacks brevity, sobriety, and scientific exactness.

On works illustrative of the minor works, see the different paragraphs of Chap. III.

§ 9. TRANSLATIONS. - The minor works of Dante having been neglected in Italy itself, it was, of course, natural that other nations should pay small attention to them. With slight exceptions, they remained unknown

outside of Italy for five whole centuries.

For some time, however, even foreigners have begun to study them, and to endeavor to render them, at least in part, into their respective languages. The first place in this field is occupied by Germany, which alone possesses an almost complete translation of Dante's minor works, while of some of them it has several. Next comes France, which has translations of everything except the Epistles, the Eclogues, and the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra. The third place is occupied by England, which boasts several translations of The New Life and the Lyrics, and one of The Feast. Of The New Life there are translations also in Hungarian and Spanish. Other nations, thus far, possess only extracts, paraphrases, and attempts at translation of some of the lyric poems.

I. German.

The treatise De Monarchia appears to have been the first of Dante's works known in Germany. It was translated outside of Italy for the first time by Basil Johann Heroldt, whose translation appeared at Bâle in 1559 (very rare, small 8vo). An edition, almost complete (lacking only the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra), of the minor works in German is that of Kannegiesser and Förster, which forms Vols. XV, XVI, XXIII, XXVI, and XXVII of Brockhaus's Bibliothek Italienischer Classiker (Leipzig, 1841-45, small 8vo). Vols. XV and XVI contain the Lyric Poems, translated by Kannegiesser and others, with a learned commentary; Vol. XXIII contains The New Life, translated and annotated by Karl Förster; Vols. XXVI and XXVII contain The Feast, the De Monarchia, the De Vulgari Eloquentia, and the Epistles, translated by Kannegiesser. Of