(c) The treatment in case of a poop is exactly analogous: When the forward face of the poop has an opening smaller than one-half of this face one-tenth of the length of the vessel is exempted, under condition of nonuse. are inclosed constructions ac cording to the English rule and are measured and taxed. Cabcd. a'b' c'd'. A, B, portions considered closed, fb except F, F', which are inclosed English rule and are measured abcd without means of being means of being closed, the entire space under the bridge is considered as open and is exempt "by rights" (fig. 8). (b) When neither end has an opening equal at least to one-half its width the entire space is considered closed for the Suez. In this case, under the 1904 arrangement the part of the space under the bridge belonging to the engine-room ventilators is exempted (fig 9). (c) When only one end has an opening at least one-half M, m, m', spaces belonging to the width of the end and the engine-room ventilators, exwithout means of being in empt under 1904 rules, except F, 'F', which are closed constructions closed, the space under the bridge is divided into three under British registry and are 1. The part belonging to the engine-room ventilators exempted under the 1904 arrangement. 2. The part between the above part and the closed end is considered inclosed and is measured. 3. The part between the first part and the open end is considered open and exempted "by rights" from dues. The portion of the space under a bridge outside of the partition would be, as in the case of forecastle or poop, exempt "by rights." In a general way, then, the English practice admits that any opening greater than one-half the width of the space concerned gives this space an open character, but under condition that this opening has no means of being closed. A grating or a plate of sheet iron may be considered such a means. On this subject 61861-13-29 there are no precise rules; it is a question of good will on the part of the officials doing the measuring. Moreover, it is admitted, as a principle, that there can be no exemption of a space situated above another space that has already benefited under the 1904 rules. Finally, these exemptions of the 1904 rules are subject to the nonuse of the exempted spaces for commercial purposes. Such as it is, this English practice does not seem to be complete. There should be added the necessary restrictions to prevent the exaggeration of the exemptions that are called, often wrongfully, "by rights" (hard and fast). III.-Deductions. A. GENERAL DEDUCTIONS. The total general deductions should not exceed 5 per cent of the gross tonnage. CREW SPACE. In England deduction is allowed only if the conditions required in the national ton nage rules are fulfilled. In the term crew are included all the vessel's personnel, officers, petty officers, seamen, engineers, and stokers; but not the personnel of the passenger department, nor the steward. The doctor is included when there is one on board. The spaces deducted as crew space in all three countries are: 1. The quarters themselves. (The cabin for a doctor, only when there is actually a doctor on board.) 2. The toilets for the exclusive use of the crew,, whatever be their location. The wash rooms of the crew are not deducted unless they form part of a toilet that is deducted. 3. The wardrooms of the officers, with a limit of 4 tons, and of the petty officers with a limit of 2 tons. 4. Bathrooms for officers and engineers with a limit of 2 tons. 5. The crew's galley. NOTE.-There are often two galleys deducted, one of them being reserved for the native portion of the crew. The passageways are not deducted in France or England. In England, all spaces deducted as crew space must be marked with a sign indicating their exclusive use for this purpose. In Germany, they are deducted when they are used exclusively for access to the crews' quarters or other deducted spaces, and when used as dressing room for the crew. In Germany, the spaces deducted as crew space must bear a sign indicating their capacity. 5. Room for charts and navigation instruments (chart room). When the captain is quartered in this room, 3 tons only are deducted on account of the charts. This should not be confused with the supplementary deduction of 3 tons, allowed by the national rules, when the charts are kept in a space that is not deducted. 6. Capstan or windlass space, when it is on the upper deck. In the very rare case when the capstan or windlass is situated in a space not exclusively reserved for it deduction would in France be made only of the space occupied by the apparatus and necessary for its operation. (See ABCD, fig. 11.) 7. Steam steering-gear space (same remarks as for the capstan). 8. Auxiliary-boiler space, when this boiler is situated in an inclosed space on the upper deck and is used only to operate the capstan, windlass, or the steering gear. NOTE. In practice the auxiliary boiler is almost always used in the operation of the derricks for handling merchandise and therefore is almost never deducted except on war vessels. B. DEDUCTIONS FOR PROPELLING MACHINERY. On vessels with coal bunkers with movable partitions, deduction is made according to the Danubian rule (i. e., 1.75 or 1.50 the actual machinery volume). On vessels with fixed coal bunkers, the actual volume of the machinery and bunkers is. deducted, if the owner so desires. PRINCIPAL VOLUME. The measurements are made in the same way as for the national tonnage. The Suez tonnage is thus indirectly benefited by the restrictions imposed on the dimensions by the rules of the different countries. SPACES TO BE INCLUDED. The spaces occupied by dynamos, distilling apparatus, refrigerating apparatus, machine shops, etc., are treated in the three countries as in the national tonnage rules. VENTILATION SPACES. In case the actual volume of the machinery and bunkers is deducted the engine-room ventilators in the 'tween decks and in inclosed superstructures are deducted at their actual value. The surplus is exempted. Nevertheless, in Germany all these spaces are, sometimes, measured (for the gross tonnage) and then deducted instead of being exempted. As a matter of fact there is no difference. In the case of deduction according to the Danubian rule, all engine-room ventilators situated in a 'tween decks space are considered as part of the machinery space and have a right to the increment. Shelter-deck spaces and spaces under a bridge considered as closed under the national rules are, in this respect, considered as 'tween decks. In England, in addition, and wrongly, there is inIcluded in the volume of the machinery, with right to the increment, such part of the ventilators as lie outside of the 'tween decks and are inclosed on at least three sides in inclosed constructions.1 In a space under a bridge considered inclosed, in the national rules, the ventilators receive the same treatment as in 'tween decks. In a space under a bridge considered open, in the Suez rules, the ventilators are simply, and rightly, entitled to exemption. In a space under a bridge considered open under national rules, and not open under the Suez rules, the 1904 rules exempt the engine-room ventilators and also the space appertaining thereto. In England, the exemption of engine-room ventilators at. any stage entails their exemption at all stages above. A deck space above another deck space is never treated as a 'tween-deck space. VOLUME OF THE SHAFT TUNNEL. In Germany, there is a tendency to consider an open space under a bridge as a 'tween deck space, and therefore to apply the Danubian increment to the ventilators therein. In the three countries, it is treated as in the national rules. (See Appendix 8.) 1 See note 2, p. 439, for present application in England. |