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MEN.

You'll mar all;

I'll leave you: Pray you, speak to them, I pray you, In wholesome manner.

Exit.

COR.

Enter Two Citizens.

Bid them wash their faces,

And keep their teeth clean.-So, here comes a

brace.

You know the cause, sir, of my standing here.

1 CIT. We do, sir; tell us what hath brought

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preach up to them, and lose by them, as it were, by their neglecting the practice. THEOBALD.

* In wholesome manner.] So, in Hamlet: "If it shall please you to make me a wholesome answer." STEEVENS.

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Mine own desire.] The old copy-but mine own desire. If but be the true reading, it must signify, as in the North-withSTEEVENS.

out.

But is only the reading of the first folio: Not is the true reading. RITSON.

The answer of the Citizen fully supports the correction, which was made by the editor of the third folio. But and not are often confounded in these plays. See Vol. VIII. p. 40, n. 1, and Vol. XI. p. 416, n. 5.

In a passage in Love's Labour's Lost, Vol. VII. p. 106, n. 7, from the reluctance which I always feel to depart from the original copy, I have suffered not to remain, and have endeavoured to explain the words as they stand; but I am now convinced that I ought to have printed

By earth, she is but corporal; there you lie. MALONE.

COR. No, sir:

'Twas never my To trouble the

desire

yet,
poor with begging.

1 CIT. You must think, if we give you any

thing,

We hope to gain by you.

COR. Well then, I pray, your price o'the con

sulship?

1 CIT. The price is, sir, to ask it kindly.

COR.

Sir, I

Kindly?

pray, let me ha't: I have wounds to show

you,

Which shall be yours in private.-Your good voice,

sir;

What say you?

2 CIT.

You shall have it, worthy sir.

COR. A match, sir :

There is in all two worthy voices begg'd:

I have your alms; adieu.

1 CIT.

But this is something odd."

2 CIT. An 'twere to give again,—But 'tis no [Exeunt Two Citizens.

matter.

The price is, sir, &c.] The word-sir, has been supplied by one of the modern editors to complete the verse. STEEVENS.

7 But this is something odd.] As this hemistich is too bulky to join with its predecessor, we may suppose our author to have written only

This is something odd;

and that the compositor's eye had caught-But, from the succeeding line. STEEVENS.

Enter Two other Citizens.

COR. Pray you now, if it may stand with the tune of your voices, that I may be consul, I have here the customary gown.

3 CIT. You have deserved nobly of your country, you have not deserved nobly.

and

COR. Your enigma?

3 CIT. You have been a scourge to her enemies, you have been a rod to her friends; you have not, indeed, loved the common people.

COR. You should account me the more virtuous, that I have not been common in my love. I will, sir, flatter my sworn brother the people, to earn a dearer estimation of them; 'tis a condition they account gentle and since the wisdom of their choice is rather to have my hat than my heart, I will practise the insinuating nod, and be off to them most counterfeitly; that is, sir, I will counterfeit the bewitchment of some popular man, and give it bountifully to the desirers. Therefore, beseech you, I may Ι may be consul.

4 CIT. We hope to find you our friend; and therefore give you our voices heartily.

3 CIT. You have received many wounds for your country.

8

COR. I will not seal your knowledge with showing them. I will make much of your voices, and so trouble you no further.

I will not seal your knowledge-] I will not strengthen or complete your knowledge. The seal is that which gives authenticity to a writing, JOHNSON.

BOTH CIT. The gods give you joy, sir, heartily!

COR. Most sweet voices!—

Better it is to die, better to starve,

[Exeunt.

Than crave the hire" which first we do deserve. Why in this woolvish gown' should I stand here,

9

the hire-] The old copy has higher, and this is one of the many proofs that several parts of the original folio edition of these plays were dictated by one and written down by another. MALONE.

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gown.

this woolvish gown-] Signifies this rough hirsute JOHNSON.

The first folio reads-this wolvish tongue. Gown is the reading of the second folio, and, I believe, the true one.

Let us try, however, to extract some meaning from the word exhibited in the elder copy.

The white robe worn by a candidate was made, I think, of white lamb-skins. How comes it then to be called woolvish, unless in allusion to the fable of the wolf in sheep's clothing? Perhaps the poet meant only, Why do I stand with a tongue deceitful as that of the wolf, and seem to flatter those whom I would wish to treat with my usual ferocity? We might perhaps more distinctly read:

-with this woolvish tongue.

unless tongue be used for tone or accent. Tongue might, indeed, be only a typographical mistake, and the word designed be toge, which is used in Othello. Yet, it is as probable, if Shakspeare originally wrote-toge, that he afterwards exchanged it for gown, a word more intelligible to his audience. Our author, however, does not appear to have known what the toga hirsuta was, because he has just before called it the napless gown of humility.

Since the foregoing note was written, I met with the following passage in "A Merye Jest of a Man called Howleglas," bl. 1. no date. Howleglas hired himself to a tailor, who "caste unto him a husbande mans gown, and bad him take a wolfe, and make it up.-Then cut Howleglas the husbandmans gowne and made thereof a woulfe with the head and feete, &c. Then sayd the maister, I ment that you should have made up the russet gown, for a husbandman's gowne is here called a wolfe." By a wolvish gown, therefore, Shakspeare might have meant Coriolanus to compare the dress of a Roman candidate to the coarse frock of a

To beg of Hob and Dick, that do appear,

ploughman, who exposed himself to solicit the votes of his fellow rusticks. STEEVENS.

Mr. Steevens has in his note on this passage cited the romance of Howleglas to show that a husbandman's gown was called a wolf; but quære if it be called so in this country? it must be remembered that Howleglas is literally translated from the French, where the word "loup" certainly occurs, but I believe it has not the same signification in that language. The French copy also may be literally rendered from the German. DOUCE.

Mr. Steevens, however, is clearly right, in supposing the allusion to be to the "wolf in sheep's clothing;" not indeed that Coriolanus means to call himself a wolf; but merely to say, "Why should I stand here playing the hypocrite, and simulating the humility which is not in my nature?" RITSON.

Why in this woolvish gown should I stand here,] I suppose the meaning is, Why should I stand in this gown of humility, which is little expressive of my feelings towards the people; as far from being an emblem of my real character, as the sheep's clothing on a wolf is expressive of his disposition. I believe woolvish was ased by our author for false or deceitful, and that the phrase was suggested to him, as Mr. Steevens seems to think, by the common expression,-" a wolf in sheep's clothing." Mr. Mason says, that this is " a ludicrous idea, and ought to be treated as such." I have paid due attention to many of the ingenious commentator's remarks in the present edition, and therefore I am sure he will pardon me when I observe that speculative criticism on these plays will ever be liable to error, unless we add to it an intimate acquaintance with the language and writings of the predecessors and contemporaries of Shakspeare. If Mr. Mason had read the following line in Churchyard's Legend of Cardinal Wolsey, Mirror for Magistrates, 1587, instead of considering this as a ludicrous interpretation, he would probably have admitted it to be a natural and just explication of the epithet before us:

"O fye on wolves, that march in masking clothes."

The woolvish [gown or] toge is a gown of humility, in which Coriolanus thinks he shall appear in masquerade; and not in his real and natural character.

Woolvish cannot mean rough, hirsute, as Dr.Johnson interprets it, because the gown Coriolanus wore has already been described as napless.

The old copy has tongue; which was a very natural error for

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