.nd may mean either "bairn, child," or may efer to a "barn." Barnes is "the son of Barne," or may refer to a barn or barns. But Berner or Bernar is a well-known old word for a man who provided bran or refuse for dogs, as was explained by me in 3rd S. xi. 191 in 1867 (thirty-nine years ago); and the same explanation may be found in the 'New English Dictionary.' So also Bardsley has "Richard le Berner" from the Placita de Quo Warranto. But Berners appears originally as "de Berners" (see Bardsley), as if Berners was a place-name. If this Berners is the same place as Bernières, it will, I suppose, be found that Bernières is a modernized and inferior spelling. In any case, let us keep Barnes, Berner, and Berners entirely apart, as they were at first. WALTER W. SKEAT. the Harness, and convenient Stable-Room and Standing for the Carts; also a House to live in upon the spot. Any Person that is inclin'd to treat for the same is desir'd to leave a Letter directed to A. B. at St. Martin's le Grand Coffee-House, near Newgate-Street, where they may be spoke with. Note, None but Principals will be treated with." Probably another relic of the sea-coal "THE COAL HOLE" (10th S. v. 306). During the construction of Terry's Theatre, in 1887, the "Occidental" Tavern in Savoy Buildings suddenly collapsed. Under the IRISH BOG BUTTER (10th S. v. 308).-The name of "The Coal Hole"-a name con- hypothesis that this substance was butter ferred upon it by a club, not of coal-heavers, buried some centuries ago may infuse it but of coal merchants, who frequented the with a tinge of romance; but one would like house at the beginning of the nineteenth a little evidence anent the habit attributed century-it then had a separate existence, to the Irish of burying their butter in bogs but was once part of the old "Fountain tavern (Epicure's Almanack,' 1815). "The that future peat-diggers may decide whether after recording the shape of the lumps, so Coal Hole" was one of Edmund Kean's any deformation results. Apart from the haunts, probably while he was living in Cecil casual loss of some pats on the way to Street, close by; and it was here that the market, which is likely in swampy districts, Wolves' Club, of which Kean was the leader it seems preferable either to continue to or patron, held their meetings, which, how-class bog-butter with the various other ever, became so disorderly and uproarious mineral resins" of vegetable origin, or to that the club became a nuisance even to a regard it as related to the adipocere into Coal Hole, and it was consequently broken which flesh is readily converted when buried up (Tavern Anecdotes,' 1825). It was also in peat-moss. J. DORMER. the scene of Nicholson's judge and jury trials (A Night at Baron Nicholson's,' Sporting Life, 7 Oct., 1848). The author of Tavern Anecdotes', Christopher Brown, ascribes a different origin to "The CoalHole" when he asserts that it was so called because it was erected on a spot which was formerly a coal wharf and storehouse. Before the transportation of coal overland by steam power, sea-borne coal or "seacoal" wharves were numerous, not only along this part of the Strand, but also from Essex Stairs to Shadwell (B. Lambert's 'Hist. and Survey of London,' 1806, vol. ii. p. 216). The following advertisement relates to a Strand coal-wharf of the middle of the eighteenth century: "To be dispos'd of, the Carriage of a goodaccustom'd Coal-Wharf and Dock in the Strand, together with fourteen Horses, and five Carts, with "PLACE" (10th S. v. 267, 316, 333).-In case DR. MURRAY'S attention has not been drawn to the considerable number of borrowings of English words in Welsh from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, it may perhaps interesting to instance the Welsh use place in the special senses under discuss Before dealing with that word, howev would instance coppish-codpiece, tapi taplash, Carmarthenshire shew-show, where show-show (in both cases the ew ow are proper diphthongs, not as in incomplete English series appearing in En lish cow, but not in Eng. low and few). In Hearne's edition (1744) of Leland's 'Itinerary' (vol. viii.) there occurs : "The Castle of Lle Careig hathe been so famous standing upon a hy Rok stepid on every syde. from whens the great rise [Rice or Rhys] of Wales deriveth, as from the Princes, his Lyne [and] is from Ely Place, the earliest being upon the Hill that standithe betwine the 2 Ven-8 January, 1548. draiths." y JOHN B. WAINEWRIG THE BABINGTON CONSPIRACY (10th 190). From memory only I venture to tify The House of the Wolf,' by Mr. St J. Weyman, as the novel dealing wit Babington conspiracy. It first appear a serial in The Graphic. ALECK ABRAHA 39, Hillmarton Road, N. In the margin there is a note: "Lle Careig in Lattin Palatinus cragus." As the variations "Castle," "Castell," "Castele," occur in this paragraph, it is possible that what Leland wrote or read was "Castelle of Careig." The modern name is Castell Garreg. Lle-place does not mean palatinus; only the W. plás, borrowed from Eng. place in the special use under discussion, could HOLBORN (10th S. ii. 308, 392, 457, 49 yield that sense. The site in question is 56, 234; v. 295, 338).-Stow and Camde about a mile or so to the north-west of the Anthony Munday lived three hundred village of Llandy bie. In that village there ago, and are doubtless entitled to the e is a farm-house, bearing evident traces of of "venerable." But Domesday Bool decayed gentility, still called Y Plás or Plás compiled more than eight hundred year Llandybie. Tradition says that Oliver Crom- and its claim to veneration must the well lodged there one night before visiting be considered to be far superior to tl the neighbouring Golden Grove. Down to those comparatively modern writers about the middle of last century the com- Domesday Holborn is written "Holeb monest term for a country mansion was plás, and that spelling will be found in subse and that is the word I myself use, but news-legal documents. MR. JAGGARD migh paper and periodical writers employ the (to sult, for example, the facsimile of the ine) incongruous term palas almost invariably. of the manor of "Holburne" in the In Lewis's Dict.' (1805) the only meaning of actions of the London and Middlesex A palas is "a palace or royal house." logical Society, i. 124. One would thought that this matter was outsid scope of argument. W. F. PRIDEA Comeragh Road, Kensington. J. P. OWEN. "THE SOPHY" (10th S. v. 308). — I your correspondent is in the right. Sophy. May I refer to the article on 'S there are difficulties as to the explanat in my Notes on English Etymolog P. 273? It is too long to quote. WALTER W. SK There is evidently a subdivision of meaning necessary. Thus in London the earliest application I can trace is Dukes's Place (explanation of Ogilby and Morgan's Map of London, 1677, reprinted 1895; 'The London Directory,' 1677, reprinted 1878), and this is in its proper sense of a square or place d'armes (vide Glossographia Anglicana Nova,' 1707). By 1783 ('The New MR. THOMPSON OF THE 6TH DRA Complete Guide,' 1783) it had been applied (10th S. v. 269, 316).-I am much oblig to Savoy Place, St. James's Place, and Park your correspondents for their kind Place; but by 1790 (The Universal British Cornet Alfred Thompson was probal Directory) there are twenty examples, author of the water-colour sketch I nearly all terraces in the suburbs (Kingsland seen. I doubt whether James Tho Place) or blocks of property built round the author of 'The City of Dreadful 1 culs-de-sac in the City (Ely Place, Frederick's-who was born in 1834, and was Place, Old Jewry). This, therefore, indicates that the word had altogether lost its original significance, and become little more than an indication of a property uniform in size and architecture, and having a single ownership. ALECK ABRAHAMS. 39, Hillmarton Road, N. In some extracts from The Gentleman's Magazine (1794) I find references to Vauxhall Place, South Lambeth. It was apparently a street or terrace of houses. HAMMOND HALL. Calendar of State Papers (Domestic), 1547-80, records a good many letters written man, I believe-could have been th Thompson who with David Urquhar Algernon Massingberd visited Koss Kutahia in October, 1850. Massingbe Thompson had bought some land Smyrna, we are told, and were go establish a colony there for the benefit Hungarian refugees in Turkey; but A and Russia got wind of the projec protested against it successfully. In March, 1851, "Thompson the E man (now under the name of Hami time in company with a Danish I again visited the refugees in Kutahi Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein. My does not explain whether Thompson had changed his name permanently to Hamilton or whether he only assumed it pro tem. as a convenience to get over some regulation as to visiting the Sultan's Hungarian prisoners. L. L. K. LATIN GENITIVES IN FLORICULTURAL NOMENCLATURE (10th S. v. 309).-The use of a single or double in this class of genitives is optional, or, at all events, a matter of taste. Such modern surnames have a nominative -ius hypothetically tacked on in order to conform with the large number of Roman clan-names with stems ending in io. These clan-names are strictly speaking adjectival, and hence the genitives in, as in Curtisii; but, if they are to be regarded as substantive, there is classical support also for the monocular variety, as in Thomsoni. J. DORMER. Is it not merely considerations of euphony which demand the duplication of the in such Latin genitives? Aster Curtisii possesses a more rounded euphony than Aster Curtisi. Similarly Anoectochilus Lowii and A. Heriotii are preferable to A. Lowi (Low's) and A. Herioti (Heriot's). J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. DICKENS ON THE BIBLE (10th S. v. 304). — The "paragraph in some of the papers' appeared first. I think, in The Daily Chronicle. It seems as if MR. MACRAE did not see that paper day by day, or he would have noticed that, the day after the paragraph, a correction appeared of its inaccuracy. The document discussed by The Daily Chronicle reporter was not a "notable and unknown Dickens letter," but a facsimile of one of the best-known letters of Dickens, written on the day before his death to John M. Makeham. This letter is reproduced in facsimile in the 'Letters of Charles Dickens' (Macmillan, 1893), and has been often referred to elsewhere. MR. MACRAE speaks of his letter as quoted by Forster in the 'Life.' It is referred to in my edition (Chapman & Hall, 1876) in vol. ii. p. 467. The odd thing is that, had MR. MACRAE looked a few pages on, he would also have seen a quotation (on p. 469) from The Daily Chronicle's "unknown" novelty. I think it a pity that people cannot make a little research of such obvious character on their own behalf; but in the present age of hurry and superficiality, few lovers of literature can expect that. NEL MEZZO. The letter quoted by MR. MACRAE is undoubtedly "genuine and independent," but it is not unknown. It is reproduced in facsimile in the 'Letters of Charles Dickens (Macmillan, 1882). I believe that the original is either at the British Museum or South Kensington. HAMMOND HALL. OSCAR WILDE BIBLIOGRAPHY (10th S. iv. 266; v. 12, 133, 176, 238, 313).-The statement at the last reference that Sharp, in his anthology, claimed to have printed for the first time the sonnet on Keats's love letters, is manifestly due to an oversight. Two of Wilde's sonnets appear in the collection, the one on the love letters being numbered cclii., and immediately following the other. The editor's note on the subject is quite clear. "No. cclii.," he says, "appears in his Poems,' but its companion is printed here for the first time." Perhaps some question connected with copyright prevented republication in subsequent editions of 'Sonnets of this Century.' THOMAS BAYNE. [U. V. W. writes to the same effect.] To Midsummer Dreams, being the double Summer Number of a weekly journal called Society, for July, 1885, Oscar Wilde contributed a poem entitled 'Roses and Rue.' This number is not in the British Museum, and though I have advertised for many months, I have not succeeded in procuring a copy. I am particularly anxious to have, at least, a transcript of this poem, in order that it may be included in the volume of 'Poems' which I am editing for Messrs. Methuen's forthcoming uniform edition of Oscar Wilde's works. Can any of your readers help me? This volume will contain all the poems The Sphinx,' 'The Ballad of Reading Gaol,' included in the 1881 edition, Ravenna,' some sixteen hitherto uncollected poems, four translations in verse, and at least one unpublished poem of exquisite beauty. c/o Holywell Press, Oxford. STUART MASON. LADY COVENTRY'S MINUET (10th S. v. 307). MR. BLEACKLEY asks if a special minuet was composed in honour of the beautiful Lady Coventry, and who wrote the music. I find it difficult to give an exact answer to the question, but I hope the following information may assist him. Mr. Adair FitzGerald, at p. 115 of 'Stories of Famous Songs,' writes that a correspondent in The Illustrated London News of 16 February, and 1 March, 1856, says: "In my youth I was accustomed to hear a song, of which Kitty Fisher and the famous Countess of Coventry, who were rival beauties in their respective lines, were the heroines." Fisher's Jig, besides being in Walsh's dances reappears in Thomson & Sons' 'Twenty-Four Folkestone. Within the cottage at the end of the will be found, in the second room on right of the entrance, a ceiling which surprise those visitors who care to of the very civil owner's permission to vie It is far finer than the Carey House The medallions, portraits, four classic h and the floral wreaths are in excellent servation. It has been purchased, and no doubt be shortly removed. John Carter, F.S.A., author, antiquary artist, resided in Wood Street in 1785, a to Hyde Park Corner. Great College Street in 1787, before remo JAS. ARRO SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS AT LE PORTEL (10th S. v. 228).-En ce qui concerne le passage de Sir Joshua Reynolds au Portel, près de CHEMISTS' COLoured Glass Bottles (1 Boulogne, lors de ses voyages dans les v. 168, 231).- Many of these container Flandres et en Italie [?]," j'ai consulté ses coloured waters were formerly adorned 'Literary Works' (éd. 1835, 2 tomes), sans y planetary symbols. Is it beyond the v trouver aucune allusion à cet endroit. Voici of likelihood that the sign and the hue l'itinéraire de ses voyages en l'année 1781, mutual reference to each other? In d'après l'ouvrage cité: Il partit de Londres heraldry the tinctures of royal arms le 24 juillet, et passa par Margate, Ostende, indicated by the names of the planets; Gand, Bruxelles, Anvers, Dort, La Haye, the vert of the commoner became Venus Leyde, Amsterdam, Dusseldorf, Aix-la-purpure was Mercury; his gules, Mars Chapelle, Liège, Bruxelles, Ostende, Margate, Londres, où il revint le 16 septembre. Je ne dis pas que le "guide" en question ait tort, mais il paraît qu'il y a erreur quelque part. EDWARD LATHAM. WESTMINSTER CHANGES IN 1905 (10th S. v. 221, 262).-To an old resident the notes by MR. HARLAND OXLEY are extremely interesting, and I should like to add a few words with reference to the little court and cottage in North Street. Mr. T. Fairman - Ordish contributed an article to Cornhill, February, 1904, but he too gives no information why the little court has always been known, and is still alluded to, as Noah's Ark. Old inhabitants of the neighbourhood will confirm my assertion, and I have a distinct recollection of Mr. Barnes, the pantaloon, alluding to his studio by that name. It is not generally known that he was a clever photographer. I have some of his work by me at this moment. And in confirmation of this, strange to say, after so many years, his name and profession as photographer may still be made out, in black paint, on the shabby old wooden facia above the iron gateway. It may not be generally known that in Bentley's Miscellany, vol. vii. p. 457, will be found an amusing account of a continental tour, Journal of Old Barnes, the Pantaloon,' in 1830. There is a woodcut portrait in character-"Here I am." I knew him well; he was a charming old fellow of the old school. azure, Jupiter; and so forth. We remember that the organs of the body supposed, and are supposed, to be 11 direct planetary influence. ST. SWITH A correspondent informs me that he been told "that the blue and red colours represent y and arterial blood, and that the exhibition of colours was to let the public know that the g ing, and willing to bleed, people who we man displaying these signs was capable of desirous." This custom is, I think, traceable t old alchemists, the coloured waters bolizing the different minerals that used in their compounds. Thus yellow represent gold; red, iron; green, co blue, tin; and purple, quicksilver. as I know, white or black bottles are seen, although it would be interesti hear of any instance of their use, or, in of the use of any other colours than mentioned above. H. T. SM REBUS IN CHURCHES (10th S. v. 189 297, 317).-In Middleham Church, York formerly collegiate, is the fine slab covering the remains of Robert Thorneton, twenty-second Abbot of Jervaulx, some three miles from that town. It has on it a tun with thorn leaves, and on it is inscribed the legend: "Orate pro a'i'a Dompni Roberti Thorneton, abbat hui' domi Jorevaulis vices'ni, Sc'di." In Aysgarth Church, on one of the stalls brought from Jervaulx Abbey at the time of the Dissolution in 1536 is a hazel-bush fructed growing out of a tun, a rebus on the name of William de Heslington, abbot in 1475. There is also a fine screen brought from the same abbey, now elaborately painted in blue, green, and gold, with the initials A. S., i.e, Adam Sedbergh, the last Abbot of Jervaulx, executed for his participation in the Pilgrimage of Grace. On the tower of Bolton Priory, begun by the last prior, Richard Moone, is this inscription in capitals, with a half moon as rebus: "In the yer of our Lord MVXX Rbegaun this foundachion, on qwho sowl God have marce. Amen." JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. I regret that in giving the rebus of Abbot Darnton, of Fountains Abbey, at p. 297, I stated that the label was inscribed "tun, 1494"; it should be "Dern, 1494." "THE HAND (10th S. iv. 447; v. 273).—I had no intention THAT ROCKS THE CRADLE" "METROPOLITAN TOE" (10th S.. v. 46).Surely we have here a sarcastic description of the Canterbury Primacy as if it were a Papacy-the Pope having his toe kissed, and Laud being another Pope in Milton's idea. T. NICKLIN. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles. GRAY'S 'ELEGY' IN RUSSIAN (10th S. v. 306). -In the edition of V. A. Zhukovsky's works edited by Prof. A. S. Arkhangelsky (St. Petersburg, Marks, 1902), I find that the Elegy Ar a late period, or at any rate in the course of occurs among the poems for 1801. (I note progress, the intention of including in the present that the Russian bard wrote his name instalment of the New English Dictionary' one Joukoffsky, but the above more nearly repre- section only of vol. vi., that comprising Matter to sents the original.) It is not quite correct Meet, has been abandoned, and a double section, to say that he "die' capo alla sua carriera including Matter to Mesnalty, has been substituted. Mattock, one of the earliest words in common use, letteraria" with this translation, as his first is of unknown origin, the Welsh matog and Gaelic poem is an ode in praise of the beneficence mailag being from the English. Maud, a grey of the Tsar Paul, dated 1797. In 1801-2 the striped plaid, is also of obscure origin. A good Viestnik Evropii (Courier of Europe)-in history is given of the various uses of the word which the Elegy appeared with a dedi-maudlin. Maugrabee an African Moor. Maumet, cation to A. I. Turgeniev-was edited by in its various senses repays study, as does maund. maumetrie, are used of image-worship. Maunder the historian N. M. Karamzin. In 1839 It is not every one who knows the origin of Zhukovsky made a second translation while mausoleum. A better quotation for maw than that on a visit to Windsor, illustrated with a given from the same source is found in 'Paradise sketch of the churchyard at Stoke Poges by his own hand. Zhukovsky is one of the most prolific Russian poets and translators, his work including a version of the Odyssey,' and renderings of Dryden, Goldsmith, Lost': Death Grinned horrible a ghastly smile, to hear Mawworm, a hypocrite, first occurs in 1850. May, |