addition of their christian and surname; thus, Lady Caroline Russel, Lady Augusta Fiztroy, Lady Betty Parker, &c. The younger sons of Dukes are, in like manner, called Lords; and those of Marquises and Earls, together with all the children of Viscounts and Barons, are styled Honourable.

To a Baronet, Honourable; to a Knight, Right Worshipful; to an Esquire, Worshipful.

Every Privy Counsellor, though not a nobleman, has the title of Right Honourable.

All Ambassadors have the style of Excellency; as hath also the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and the Captain General of his Majesty's Forces.

The Lord Mayor of London, during his mayoralty, has the title of Right Honourable; and the Sheriffs, during that office, have the title of Right Worshipful.

All Mayors of Corporations have the title of Esquires during their office.

To the King.

For the Beginning of Letters.

To the Queen.
To the Prince.

ness.

Sire; or, May it please your Majesty.
Madam; or, May it please your Majesty.
Sir; or, May it please your Royal High-

To the Princess. Madam; or, May it please your Royal Highness.

To a Duke. My Lord; or, May it please your Grace. To a Duchess. Madam; or, May it please your Grace. To an Archbishop. May it please your Grace.

To a Marquis. My Lord; or, May it please your Lordship.

To a Marchioness. Madam; or, May it please your Ladyship.

To an Earl, Viscount, or Baron. My Lord; or, May it please your Lordship.

To their Consorts. Madam; or, May it please your Ladyship.

To a Bishop. My Lord; or, May it please your Lordship.

To a Knight. Sir; or, May it please your Worship. To his Lady, Madam; or, May it please your Ladyship. To a Mayor, Justice of Peace, Esquire, &c. Sir; or, May it please your Worship.

To the Clergy. Reverend Sir; Mr. Dean; Mr. Archdeacon; Sir, &c. as circumstances may require.

At subscribing your name, conclude with the same title you began with; as, My Lord, your Lordship's, &c.

To either House of Parliament, to Commissioners, and Bodies Corporate.

To the Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament assembled.

To the Honourable the Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses, in Parliament assembled.

To the Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury; or Admiralty.

To the Honourable the Commissioners of his Majesty's Customs; Revenue of the Excise, &c.

To the Right Worshipful the Governors of Christ's Hospital.

To the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants, of the Worshipful Company of Drapers.

ENGLISH GRAMMAR.

As it it a necessary part of a young woman's education to possess some knowledge of grammar, the female youth is here presented with a concise and simple system, in order to remove those objections which exist to many others; namely, that of their being too prolix, dry, and uninteresting. When the learner has made herself well acquainted with the following system, she may, if desirous, have recourse to a more diffuse and laboured work; but it is hoped, that this will be found sufficient for all the common purposes of life; and enable her to speak, read, and write, with correctness and precision.

English Grammar is divided into four parts, namely ORTHOGRAPHY, ETYMOLOGY, SYNTAX, and PROSODY.

ORTHOGRAPHY..
Letters.

ORTHOGRAPHY teaches the nature and powers of letters, and the just method of spelling words.

Letters are divided into vowels and consonants.

The vowels are, a, e, i, o, u; and sometimes w and y. Wand y are consonants when they begin a word or syllable; but in every other situation they are vowels.

Four of the consonants, namely, l, m, n, r, are liquids, from their readily uniting with other consonants, and flowing as it were into their sounds.

A diphthong is the union of two vowels, as, ea in beat, ou in sound.

A triphthong, the union of three vowels; as, eau in beau, iew in view.

Syllables.

A syllable is a sound, either simple or compounded, pronounced by a single impulse of the voice, and constituting a word, or part of a word; as, a, an, ant.

Spelling is the art of rightly dividing words into their syllables, or of expressing a word by its proper letters.

Words.

A word of one syllable is a monosyllable; of two, a dissyllable; of three, a trisyllable; of four or more, a polysyllable.

All words are either primitive or derivative.

A primitive word is that which cannot be reduced to any simpler word in the language; as, man, good, content, York. A derivative word is that which may be reduced to another word in English of greater simplicity; as, manful, goodness, contentment, Yorkshire.

ETYMOLOGY.

THE second part of grammar is Etymology; which treats of the different sorts of words, their various modifications, and their derivation.

There are in English nine sorts of words, or, as they are commonly called, Parts of Speech; namely, the ARTICLE, the SUBSTANTIVE or NOUN, the ADJECTIVE, the PRONOUN, the VERB, the ADVERB, the PREPOSITION, the CONJUNCTION, and the INTERJECTION.

1. An Article is a word prefixed to substantives, to point them out, and to show how far their signification extends; as, a garden, an eagle, the woman,

2. A Subtantive or noun is the name of any thing that exists, or of which we have any notion; as, London, man,

virtue.

A substantive may, in general, be distinguished by its taking an article before it, or by its making sense of itself; as, a book, the sun, an apple; temperance, industry, chastity.

3. An Adjective is a word added to a substantive, to express its quality; as, an industrious man, a virtuous wo

man.

An adjective may be known by its making sense with the addition of the word thing; as, a good thing, a bad thing: or of any particular substantive; as, a sweet apple, a pleasant prospect.

4. A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun, to avoid the too frequent repetition of the same word; as, the man is happy, he is benevolent, he is useful.

5. A Verb is a word which signifies to be, to do, or to suffer; as, I am, I rule, I am ruled.

A verb may generally be distinguished by its making sense with any of the personal pronouns, or the word to, before it; as, I walk, he plays, they write; or, to walk, to play, to write.

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6. An Adverb is a part of speech joined to a verb, an adjective, and sometimes to another adverb, to express some quality or circumstance respecting it; as, he reads well; a truly good man; he writes very correctly.

An adverb may be generally known, by its answering to the question, how? how much? when? or where? as, in the phrase she reads correctly, the answer to the question, how does she read? is, correctly.

7. Prepositions serve to connect words with one another, and to show the relation between them; as, he went from London to York; she is above disguise; they are supported by industry.

A preposition may be known by its admitting after it a personal pronoun in the objective case; as, with, for, to, &c. will allow the objective case after them; with him, for her, to them, &c.

8. A Conjunction is a part of speech that is chiefly used to connect sentences, so as out of two or more sentences to make but one: it sometimes connects only words; as, thou and he are happy, because you are good; two and three are five.

9. Interjections' are words thrown in between the parts of a sentence, to express the passions or emotions of the speaker: as, O virtue! how amiable thou art!

ARTICLE.

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AN ARTICLE is a word prefixed to substantives, to point them out, and to show how far their signification extends; as, a garden, an eagle, the woman.

In English there are but two articles, a and the; a becomes an before a vowel, and before a silent h; as an acorn,