Muscular Work: A Metabolic Study with Special Reference to the Efficiency of the Human Body as a MachineCarnegie institution of Washington, 1913 - 176 páginas |
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... Lying vs. sitting experiments No - load experiments Work experiments PART II . PART III . PAGE 3 5 5 8 13 16 9 = 9228332233558 35 36 40 43 * 5885 Discussion of results The character of the katabolism as affected by muscular work ...
... Lying vs. sitting experiments No - load experiments Work experiments PART II . PART III . PAGE 3 5 5 8 13 16 9 = 9228332233558 35 36 40 43 * 5885 Discussion of results The character of the katabolism as affected by muscular work ...
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... lying to a sitting position Increment in metabolism due to a change in position from lying on a couch to Increment in metabolism due to a change in position from lying on a couch to riding on an ergometer with no load and no motor 112 ...
... lying to a sitting position Increment in metabolism due to a change in position from lying on a couch to Increment in metabolism due to a change in position from lying on a couch to riding on an ergometer with no load and no motor 112 ...
Página 23
... lying quietly , exactly as lying awake calls for an increased me- tabolism over lying quietly asleep , it seemed logical likewise to determine the metabolism in the sitting position . This was done in a number of instances . Again , the ...
... lying quietly , exactly as lying awake calls for an increased me- tabolism over lying quietly asleep , it seemed logical likewise to determine the metabolism in the sitting position . This was done in a number of instances . Again , the ...
Página 24
... lying quietly upon the couch , the observations were made with the greatest fidelity and regularity and became an integral part of each individual period . When the subject was riding on the ergometer , it was very difficult to secure ...
... lying quietly upon the couch , the observations were made with the greatest fidelity and regularity and became an integral part of each individual period . When the subject was riding on the ergometer , it was very difficult to secure ...
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... lying vs. sitting experiments ; ( 2 ) no - load experiments both with and without motor ; ( 3 ) work experiments . The general character of each class of experiments has been described in some detail on pages 31 and 32. In these groups ...
... lying vs. sitting experiments ; ( 2 ) no - load experiments both with and without motor ; ( 3 ) work experiments . The general character of each class of experiments has been described in some detail on pages 31 and 32. In these groups ...
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Muscular Work: A Metabolic Study with Special Reference to the Efficiency of ... Francis Gano Benedict,Edward Provan Cathcart Sin vista previa disponible - 2018 |
Términos y frases comunes
1.5 amperes a.m. Between 9h a.m. the average a.m. The pulse-rate a.m. the subject absorbed per minute age pulse amount Aver average rate Average respira average speed base-line begun at 9h Benedict and Carpenter bicycle ergometer body C.C. amp calories per minute calorimeter cals carbohydrates Carbon dioxide Date Carbon Oxygen dioxide cent combustion computed couch diet Duration eliminated per minute external muscular glycogen grams gross efficiency heat equivalent hour increase interval katabolism kilogrammeters kilograms laboratory load Lying M. A. M. without food mechanical efficiency metabolism motor mouthpiece muscular activity no-load Oxygen absorbed oxygen consumption pedals period the average periods the subject perspiration produced pulse-rate at 8h respiration apparatus respiration experiments respiratory quotient revolutions per minute riding series of experiments severe muscular spirometer subject lay subject M. A. M. subject rode tion-rate tions per minute tory quotient values obtained ventilation work-period Zuntz
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Página 9 - But no circumstances can be imagined in which this method of procuring heat would not be disadvantageous; for more heat might be obtained by using the fodder necessary for the support of a horse, as fuel.
Página 9 - As the machinery used in this experiment could easily be carried round by the force of one horse (though, to render the work lighter, two horses were actually employed in doing it), these computations show further how large a quantity of heat might be produced by proper mechanical contrivance, merely by the strength of a horse, without either fire, light, combustion, or chemical decomposition; and, in a case of necessity, the heat thus produced might be used in cooking victuals.
Página 9 - ... de variation sensible, la conservation de la chaleur animale est due, au moins en grande partie, à la chaleur que produit la combinaison de l'air pur respiré par les animaux avec la base de. l'air fixe que le sang lui fournit.
Página 11 - Whence it appears that one-quarter of the whole amount of vis viva generated by the combustion of food in the animal frame is capable of being applied in producing a useful mechanical effect, — the remaining three-quarters being required in order to keep up the animal heat, etc.
Página 11 - The majority of the physiologists in the last century, and in the beginning of this century, were of opinion that the processes in living bodies were determined by one principal agent which they chose to call the " vital principle." The physical forces in the living body they supposed could be suspended or again set free at any moment, by the influence of the vital principle ; and that by this means this agent could produce changes in the interior of the body, so that the health of the body would...
Página 11 - mentioned by Magnus is developed by the muscles. The muscles, by their motion, can communicate vis viva to external objects, and, by their friction within the body, can develope heat in various quantities according to circumstances, so as to maintain the animal at an uniform temperature. If these theoretic views be correct, they would lead to the interesting conclusion (which is the same as that announced by Matteucci from other considerations) that the animal frame, though destined to...
Página 11 - In the same time (twenty-four hours) he will consume 12 Ibs. of hay and 12 Ibs. of corn. He is, therefore, able to raise 143 Ibs. by the consumption of one grain of the mixed food. From our own experiments on the combustion of a mixture of hay and corn in oxygen gas, we find that each grain of food, consisting of equal parts of undried hay and corn, is able to give 0'682 to a pound of water, a quantity of heat equivalent to the raising of a weight of 557 Ibs. to the height of a foot. Whence it appears...
Página 11 - They do not suppose that there is any other difference between the chemical and the mechanical actions in the living body, and out of it, than can be explained by the more complicated circumstances and conditions under which these actions take place ; and we have seen that the law of the conservation of force legitimizes this supposition.
Página 9 - Ainsi on peut regarder la chaleur qui se dégage dans le changement de l'air pur en air fixe par la respiration comme la cause principale de la conservation de la chaleur animale, et, si d'autres causes concourent à l'entretenir, leur effet est peu considérable. La respiration est donc une combustion, à la vérité fort lente, mais d'ailleurs parfaitement semblable à celle du charbon; elle se fait dans l'intérieur des poumons sans dégager de lumière sensible...