1

16

17

18

19

20

21

Total power of the water, in pounds avoirdupois raised one foot per second.

Ratio
of the
useful
effect to
the power
expended.

Velocity

due to the
fall acting
on the
wheel, in
feet per
second.

Velocity

of the interior circumf nce'

of the wheel, in feet per second.

Ratio

of the

velocity of the interior circumfnce of the wheel to the

velocity due to the fall acting on the wheel.

22

23

24

Ratio

of the reduced quantity in column 21, to the reduced quantity in

Quantity of
water which
passed the
wheel,
reduced to a
uniform fall
of 13 feet, in
cubic feet
per second. experiment

Direction
of the
water

leaving
the wheel,

as

indicated
by the

vane.

Mean elevation

of the pointer on

the bell

crank.

30. deg. m. Feet.

15.082 2.218 12.864 1.8811 139.4206 111870.0 0.78449 28.7656 18.9525 0.65886 140.1557 1.01044 47 0+0.002 2 15.079 2.219 12.860 1.8811 139.4206 111835.2 0.78300 28.7611 18.9107 0.65751 140.1775 1.01060 47 45 0. 3 15.087 2.218 12.869 1.8816 139.4676 111951.2 0.78378 28.7712 18.9491 0.65861 140.1756 1.01058 47 23 -0.001 4 15.036 2.482 12.554 2.0383 156.6470 122663.3 0.27187 28.4169 33.8553 1.19138 159.4053 1.14922

5

15.042 2.431 12.611 2.0180154.3891 121444.2 0.35318 28.4813 32.4909 1.14078 156.7522 1.13009 615.051 2.398 12.653 1.9989 152.2682 120174.8 0.43005 28.5287 30.9921 1.08635 154.3421 1.11271

+0.013

+0.008 -0.003

7 15.061 2.365 12.696 1.9734 149.4653 118363.5 0.50726 28.5771 29.3167 1.02588 151.2442 1.09038 15 49 -0.001 8 15.069 2.349 12.720 1.9536 147.2942 116864.8 0.57199 28.6041 27.7653 0.97067 148.9066 1.07353| 18 3-0.010 9 15.089 2.312 12.777 1.9420 146.0204 116373.2 0.62228 28.6681 26.4041 0.92102 147.2891 1.06187 20 3-0.018 10 15.102 2.302 12.800 1.9315 144.8734 115667.0 0.6670428.6939 25.1203 0.87546 146.0009 1.05258 22 56 -0.013 11 15.100 2.281 12.819 1.9226 143.9088 115067.3 0.70350 28.7152 23.8602 0.83093 144.9212 1.04480| 25 47 -0.001 12 15.028 10. 37.8336 13 15.071 2.561 12.510 2.0989 163.4313 127527.3 0. 28.3670 37.8319 1.33366 166.6013 1.20110 14 15.120 2.264 12.856 1.9098 142.5180 114284.2 0.73475 28.7566 22.6359 0.78716143.3140 1.03321 29 49 +0.002 15 15.117 2.229 12.888 1.9054 142.0433 114187.1 0.74987 28.7924 21.7090 0.75398 142.6592 1.02849 33 30 +0.004 16 15.116 2.226 12.890 1.9048 141.9762 114150.8 0.75614 28.7946 21.1940 0.73604 142.5808 1.02792 35 37 -0.001 17 15.128 2.232 12.896 1.8983 141.2762 113640.9 0.76603 28.8013 20.5681 0.71414 141.8448 1.02262 38 20-0.001 18 15.111 2.231 12.880 1.8908 140.4657112848.8 0.77442 28.7835 20.0409 0.69626 141.1186 1.01738| 41 26-0.003 19 15.114 2.231 12.883 1.8873 140.0845 112568.7 0.77920 28.7868 19.5691 0.67979 140.7192 1.01450 44 26 +0.001 20 15.114 2.228 12.8861.8866 140.0066 112532.3 0.78040 28.7902 19.3219 0.67113 140.6246 1.01382 46 18-0.002 21 15.128 2.229 12.899|1.8856 139.9040 112563.3 0.78147 28.804719.1278 0.66405 140.4507 1.01257 47 26 -0.005 22 15.123 2.225 12.898 1.8834 139.6678, 112364.5 0.78384 28.8036 19.0243 0.66048 140.2190 1.01090 48 26 0. 23 14.965 2.536 12.429 2.0834 161.6944 125355.0 0. |28.2750 37.7662 1.33567 165.3669 1.19220| 24 15.124 2.219 12.905 1.8773 139.0070 111893.5 0.78876 28.8114 18.9168 0.65657 139.5177 1.00584 25 15.118 2.219 12.899 1.8775 139.0291 111859.4 0.78840 28.8047 18.7662 0.65150 139.5724 1.00623 26 15.102 2.209 12.893 1.8750 138.7601 111591.00.78641 28.7980 18.5527 0.64424 139.3347 1.00452 27 15.116 2.214 12.902 1.8758 138.8489 111740.3 0.78997 28.8080 18.6616 0.64779 139.3752 1.00481 51 18 -0.018 28 15.117 2.211 12.906 1.8760 138.8711 111792.9 0.78934 28.8125 18.5141 0.64257 139.3759 1.00482 52 25 -0.018 29 15.118 2.212 12.906 1.8727 138.5134 111504.9 0.79225|28.8125|18.3732 0.63768 139.0169|1.00223 53 52 -0.017 30 15.111 2.208 12.903 1.8697 138.1892 111218.1 0.79375 28.8092 18.0474 0.62645 138.7076 1.00000 58 10-0.018 31 15.084 2.545 12.539 2.0891 162.3283126960.20. 28.3999 37.9521 1.33635 165.2853 1.19161,

49 28 -0.006 5037 +0.004 5140-0.057

32 15.119 2.204 12.915 1.8704 138.2668 111384.0 0.79294 28.8225 17.7330 0.61525 138.7211 1.00010 6154-0.011 33 15.134 2.200 12.934 1.8701 138.2335 111521.1 0.79243 28.8437 17.2475 0.59796 138.5858 0.99912 66 5-0.008 34 15.129 2.188 12.941 1.8687 138.0869 111463.0 0.78903 28.8515 16.6254 0.57624 138.4013 0.99779 86 12 -0.004 35 15.123 2.184 12.939 1.8652|137.7076|111139.7 0.78340 28.8493 15.7371 0.54549 138.0318 0.99513 99 25-0.014 36 15.128 2.184 12.944 1.8539 136.4917 110200.9 0.77916 28.8549 14.7319 0.51055 136.7866|0.98615 115 48 -0.001 37 15.117 2.177 12.940 1.8412 135.1415 109077.1 0.76978 28.8504 13.6922 0.47459 135.4545 0.97655 131 18 -0.013 38 15.036 2.536 12.500 2.0834 161.6944 126071.1 0. 28.3557 37.8674 1.33544 164.8966 1.18881

39 15.143 2.180 12.963 1.8431 135.3423 109433.4 0.76886 28.8761 13.7205 0.47515 135.5354 0.97713 130 51 -0.019 40 15.136 2.163 12.973 1.8380 134.7976 109077.0 0.75277 28.8872 12.7235 0.44045 134.9378 0.97282 139 45 -0.010 41 15.136 2.159 12.977 1.8282 133.7538 108265.8 0.72499 28.8916 11.2882 0.39071 133.8723 0.96514 147 25-0.005 42 15.133 2.185 12.948 1.8252 133.4330 107764.7 0.67887 28.8593 9.6302 0.33370 133.7007 0.96390|

43 15.116 2.319 12.797 1.8460 135.6536 108280.4 0. 44 15.096 2.322 12.774 1.8457 135.6205 108059.4 0. 45 15.012 2.541 12.471 2.0864 162.0237 126034.8 0. 46 15.156 2.202 12.954 1.8737 138.6244 112009.3 0.79104 28.8660 17.6447 0.61126 138.8703 1.00117 60 52 -0.012 47 15.134 2.202 12.932 1.8726 138.5023 111720.6 0.79097 28.8415 17.3179 0.60045 138.8660 1.00114 63 16 -0.008 48 15.142 2.194 12.948 1.8723 138.4690 111832.0 0.78904 28.8593 17.0327 0.59020 138.7468 1.00028 66 27-0.016 49 15.144 2.193 12.951 1.8714 138.3692 111777.2 0.78859 28.8627 16.7394 0.57997 138.6307 0.99945 81 48 -0.007 50 15.144 2.192||12.952 1.8694 138.1559 111613.5 0.78723 28.8638 16.3058 0.56492 138.4117 0.99787 8944-0.010

51

55

in feet. in feet.

Ratio
of the
useful
effect to
the power
expended.

on the

wheel, in
feet per
second.

of the interior circumf nee of the wheel, in feet per second.

of the velocity of the interior circumfince of the wheel to the velocity due to the fall acting on the wheel.

22

Ratio

of the

reduced

23

Direction

of the
water

the wheel,

as

quantity in leaving
column 21,
to the
reduced
quantity in

uniform fall
of 13 feet, in
cubic feet
per second. experiment

indicated
by the

vane.

30. deg. m.

24

Mean elevation

of the

pointer on

the bell crank.

Feet.

15.095 2.337 12.758 1.9173 143.3319 114060.7 0.34589 28.6468 31.4548 1.09802 144.6849 1.04309 12 0+0.002 52 15.128 2.255 12.873 1.8792 139.2094 111778.7 0.59379 28.7756 26.6739 0.92696 139.8945 1.00856 17 32 +0.001 53 15.134 2.225 12.909 1.8656 137.7518 110917.6 0.67462 28.8159 24.2121 0.84023 138.2365 0.99660 22 19 +0.007 54 15.134 2.194 12.940 1.8660 137.7962 111219.8 0.70592 28.8504 22.8914 0.79345 138.1153 0.99573 25 0+0.013 15.139 2.189 12.950 1.8586 137.0026 110664.7 0.72485 28.8616 21.7272 0.75281 137.2668 0.98961 28 56-0.011 56 15.138 2.187 12.951 1.8450 135.5434 109494.5 0.74499 28.8627 20.4557 0.70873 135.7996 0.97903 33 58--0.016 57 15.143 2.178 12.965 1.8408 135.0974 109252.2 0.74975 28.8783 19.7365 0.68344 135.2797 0.97529 37 47 -0.014 58 15.144 2.168 12.976 1.8336 134.3304 108724.1 0.75772 28.8905 19.0852 0.66060 134.4546 0.96934 42 43 -0.011 59 15.151 2.152 12.999 1.8240 133.3014 108082.5 0.76049 28.9161 18.3511 0.63463 133.3066 0.96106 47 30-0.005 60 15.153 2.139 13.014 1.8186 132.7344 107746.9 0.76158 28.9328 17.7125 0.61219 132.6630 0.95642 54 37 -0.004 15.155 2.129 13.026 1.8117 131.9960 107246.3 0.76260 28.9461 17.0556 0.58922 131.8642 0.95066 59 39 -0.042 62 15.162 2.122 13.040 1.8022 130.9913 106544.4 0.76363 28.9617 16.3751 0.56541 130.7903 0.94292 76 36 -0.021 63 15.162 2.134 13.028 1.8013 130.8932 106366.6 0.75012 28.9484 15.0091 0.51848 130.7525 0.94265 94 4-0.022 64 15.079 2.359 12.720 1.9742 149.5470 118652.1 0.

61

28.6041 36.4332 1.27370 151.1840 1.08995

630 +0.001 830 +0.002

29.1057 32.8262 1.12783 121.1788 0.87363 96699.5 0.30046 29.0028 28.6564 0.98806 118.2016 0.85216 95112.0 0.45302 29.0659 25.8432 0.88912 115.5050 0.83272 93904.9 0.56592 29.1123 22.9997 0.79003 113.4942 0.81823 12 32 -0.020 93346.0 0.60885 29.1554 21.2856 0.73007 112.3198 0.80976 16 5-0.027 92188.4 0.63703 29.1973 19.5831 0.67072 110.4502 0.79628 21 17 -0.006 90893.3 0.65228 29.2292 17.8844 0.61187 108.5420 0.78252 29 56 -0.014 89707.1 0.65520 29.2611 16.4306 0.56152 106.7756 0.76979 39 20.001 89620.7 0.65643 29.2600 16.4457 0.56205 106.6848 0.76913 40 13 -0.029 87720.9 0.64127 29.2776 14.5530 0.49707 104.2353 0.75147 69 27-0.028 86555.6 0.61879 29.3171 13.0631 0.44558 102.4352 0.73850 95 0-0.024 84110.0 0.54757 29.3719 9.6830 0.32966 98.9847 0.71362 144 56 -0.029

65 15.139 1.969 13.170 1.7160 121.9685 100194.6 0.
66 15.148 2.071 13.077 1.6829 118.5511
67 15.159 2.025 13.134 1.6590 116.0987
68 15.164 1.988 13.176 1.6409 114.2599
69 15.171 1.956 13.215 1.6309 113.2448
70 15.173 1.920 13.253 1.6139 111.5197
71 15.179 1.897 13.282 1.5959 109.7130
72 15.183 1.872 13.311 1.5793 108.0452
73 15.179 1.869 13.310 1.5783 107.9493
74 15.159 1.833 13.326 1.5541 105.5341
75 15.174 1.812 13.362 1.5371 103.8516
76 15.183 1.771 13.412 1.5034 100.5410

77 15.079 2.196 12.883 1.8620 137.3618 110380.8 0.78100 28.7868 18.1246 0.62961 137.9842 0.99478 55 52 -0.037 78 15.079 2.183 12.896 1.8583 136.9694 110176.6 0.78375 28.8013 17.4226 0.60492 137.5206 0.99144 64 0-0.029 79 15.087 2.175 12.912 1.8544 136.5469 109973.0 0.78350 28.8192 16.7351 0.58069 137.0114 0.98777 74 28-0.018

80 14.774 1.427 13.347 1.2914 80.4534 81 14.769 1.400 13.369 1.2737 78.8433 82 14.772 1.377 13.395 1.2492 76.6213 83 14.783 1.348 13.435 1.2206 74.0590 84 14.793 1.315 13.478 1.1960 71.8750 85 14.806 1.293 13.513 1.1748 70.0063 86 14.820 1.264 13.556 1.1497 67.8158 87 14.803 1.244 13.559 1.1113 64.5053 8814.762 1.246 13.516 1.0623 60.3593 89 14.771 1.240 13.531 1.0630 60.4190

90 14.806 0.821 13.985 0.7798 38.2210 91 14.815 0.814 14.001 0.7846 38.5699 92 14.832 0.812 14.020 0.7653 37.1733

0 30

130 +0.008 432 +0.010 11 30 +0.002

66979.0 0. 29.3006 26.4865 0.90396 79.4007 0.57243
65746.8 0.14065 29.3248 24.3046 0.82881 77.7476 0.56051
64018.1 0.33204 29.3533 20.3622 0.69369 75.4831 0.54419
62062.0 0.44006 29.3971 16.3751 0.55703 72.8501 0.52521
60424.6 0.46314 29.4441 14.2480 0.48390 70.5889 0.50890 20 9-0.001
59006.4 0.45476 29.4823 11.8733 0.40273 68.6646 0.49503 41 34-0.022
57342.0 0.42661 29.5292 9.8061 0.33208 66.4105 0.47878 81 40 -0.025
54554.9 0.33006 29.5324 6.3633 0.21547 63.1616 0.45536|
50886.6 0.
29.4856 0. 0.
59.1959 0.42677
50993.4 0.
29.5020 0. 0.

36

EXPERIMENTS UPON THE TREMONT TURBINE

DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAM REPRESENTING THE EXPERIMENTS.

75. For the purpose of presenting a general view of the experiments, the coefficients of effect, at different velocities, are plotted at figure 1, plate VI., on a system of coördinates. The ratios of the velocities of the interior circumference

of the wheel, to the velocities due the fall acting upon the wheel, given in column 20, table II., are taken to represent the velocities; these ratios are here called the velocities, and are taken on the axis of abscissas AX; the corresponding coefficients of effect given in column 17, table II., are taken upon the axis of ordinates AY.

76. The line CD represents the experiments made with the regulating gate fully raised; to avoid confusion a portion of the experiments are omitted ;the experiments represented are those numbered from 4 to 42, inclusive, which were made in regular sequence, with gradually increasing weights. It will be observed in the table of experiments, that several trials were made with the brake entirely removed; these were made, generally, after the wheel had been left for some time, for the purpose of seeing if it was in as good running order as usual; if any material change had taken place, it would have been indicated by a change in the velocity of the wheel.

The experiments thus made, omitting experiment 12, in which the height in the wheelpit was not observed, are collected together in the following table.

The greatest variation in these velocities is in experiment 13, which is part below the mean; the running condition of the wheel must, consequently, have been nearly uniform.

In all the experiments with the brake removed, the coefficient of effect, of course, is nothing, and they would be represented on the diagram by points on the axis of abscissas; for the sake of distinctness, only one of those tried when the gate was at its full height, is represented on the diagram.