and comment on his dangerous and remarkable travels; and for his harmonious tranflation of the Pfalms of David, the book of Job, and other poetical parts of holy writ, into most high and elegant verfe. And for Cranmer, his other pupil, I fhall refer my reader to the printed teftimonies of our learned Mr. Camden, the Lord Tottenes, Fines Morison, and others.

"This Cranmer, whofe Chriftian name was George, was a " gentleman of fingular hope, the eldest fon of Thomas Cran"mer, fon of Edmund Cranmer, the Archbishop's brother: he "" fpent much of his youth in Corpus Chrifti College in Ox"ford, where he continued Master of Arts for many years be"fore he removed, and then betook himself to travel, accom"panying that worthy gentleman Sir Edwin Sandys into France, "Germany, and Italy, for the space of three years; and after "their happy return, he betook himself to an employment "under Secretary Davifon"; after whofe fall he went in place

"What in the airy region glide,

"Or through the rowling ocean slide.
"Lord, how illuftrious is thy name!

"Whose pow'r both heav'n and earth proclame!"

King, Bishop of Chichefter, who himself tranflated the Pfalms for the ufe of the common people, obferves that Mr. George Sandys was too elegant for the vulgar ufe, changing both the metre and tunes wherewith they had been long acquainted.

"Cecidit tamen ex Anglis Cranmerus pro-rege ab epiftolis, vir eru ditifsimus, et ipfi eo nomine longè charifsimus."

(Camden, Annal. Regin, Eliz, sub An. 1600.)

Sir GEORGE CAREW, created by Charles I. Earl of Totnes, and celebrated for his military exploits in Ireland, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was the author of "Pacata Hibernia; or, the Hifiory of the Wars in Ireland, especially within the Province of Munfter, in the Years 1599, 1600, 1601, and 1602."

Mr. MORRISON, Secretary to Lord Mountjoy, and author of "An Itinerary, containing his ten Years Travels through the twelve Dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Switzerland, Denmark, Poland, England, Scotland, and Ireland; divided into three Parts. London, 1617." Fol. Published after his death, and originally written in Latin.

u WILLIAM DAVISON, Efq. one of the Principal Secretaries of State to Queen Elizabeth, a plain and honeft man, without policy, and totally unskilled in the dark intrigues of a court. His conduct with re fpect to the warrant granted for the execution of Mary Queen of Scots has been variously reported. (See the State Trials, 1583. 30 Eliz.) The fullest credit may probably be given to his own afsertions in the Star-Chamber, when he protefled before God and the commifsioners that were appointed to try him, "That wittingly or willingly he had "done nothing in this thing but that which he was perfuaded in his "confcience the Queen willed. In which if he had carried himself to do any part either by unfkilfulness or negligence, he could not choose but "be grievously forry, and undergo willingly the cenfure of the commif

"fioners."

" of Secretary with Sir Henry Killigrew in his embassage into "France; and after his death he was fought after by the moft "noble Lord Mountjoy, with whom he went into Ireland, "where he remained, until in a battle against the rebels near "Charlinford, an unfortunate wound put an end both to his "life and the great hopes that were conceived of him "."

Betwixt Mr. Hooker and these his two pupils, there was a facred friendship; a friendfhip made up of religious principles, which increased daily by a fimilitude of inclinations to the fame recreations and ftudies; a friendship elemented in youth and in an University, free from felf-ends, which the friendships of

"fioners." When he was fentenced, Sir Edmond Anderson, one of his judges, faid of him, that herein he had done "juftum non jufiè," and 10, acquitting of all malice, cenfured him for indifcretion. (Fuller's Worthies, Lincolnshire, p. 161.)—" In the reign of Queen Elizabeth we read of one, whom the grandees of the Court procured to be made Secretary of State, only to break his back in the business of the Queen of Scots, whole death they were then projecting. Like true courtiers, they firft engage him in that fatal fcene, and then defert "him in it; ufing him only as a tool, to do a prefent ftate-job, and "then to be reproached and ruined for what he had done."

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(Dr. South's twelve Sermons, 1698, p. 137.

* Sir H. KILLIGREW, the hufband of Katherine, the fourth daughter of Sir Anthony Cook, no lefs renowned than her three fifters for her knowledge of the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin languages. An epitaph on this learned lady was written by Andrew Melville. (See also Buchanani Poemata, p. 351.) Fuller has preferved fome Latin verfes compofed by her on the following occafion: Her husband Sir Henry Killigrew, being defigned by Queen Elizabeth Ambafsador for France in troublesome times, when the employment, always difficult, was then apparently dangerous, this affectionate wife wrote thefe verfes to Mildred Cecil, her eldeft fifter, to ufe her intereft with the Lord Treafurer her husband, that Sir Henry might be excufed from that service:

"Si mihi quem cupio cures, Mildreda, remitti,
"Tu bona, tu melior, tu mihi fola foror.

"Sin malè cunctando retines, vel trans mare mittes,
"Tu mala, tu pejor, tu mihi nulla foror.

"It fi Cornubiam, tibi pax fit et omnia læta!
"Sin mare, Cecili nuntio bella, vale."

(Biograph. Brit. in the article COOK ANTHONY, p. 1456.)

y An accomplished and brave foldier. Queen Elizabeth, confiding in her own princely judgment and opinion, had formed fo favourable an opinion of his worth and conduct, that he would have him and none other to finish and bring the Irish war to a propitious end, which, not deceiving her good conceit of him, he nobly achieved, though with much pains and carefulness. (Lloyd's State Worthies, p. 665.)

z Of the fpirited behaviour of Mr. George Cranmer in oppofition to the Fellows of Corpus Chrifti College who were inclined to Popery, fee Strype's Life of Archbishop Parker, p. 266.

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age ufually are not. In this fweet, this blefsed, this fpiritual amity, they went on for many years: And, as the holy prophet faith, fo "they took fweet counfel together, and walked in the "houfe of God as friends." By which means they improved it to fuch a degree of amity as bordered upon heaven; a friendfhip fo facred, that when it ended in this world, it began in the next, where it fhall have no end.

And though this world cannot give any degree of pleasure equal to fuch a friendship; yet obedience to parents, and a defire to know the affairs, and manners, and laws, and learning of other nations, that they might thereby become the more ferviceable unto their own, made them put off their gowns and leave Mr. Hooker to his College: where he was daily more afsiduous in his ftudies, ftill enriching his quiet and capacious foul with the precious learning of the philofophers, cafuifts, and schoolmen; and with them the foundation and reafon of all laws, both facred and civil; and with fuch other learning as lay most remote from the track of common studies. And as he was diligent in thefe; fo he feemed restless in searching the fcope and intention of God's fpirit revealed to mankind. the Sacred Scripture; for the understanding of which, he feemed to be afsifted by the fame spirit with which they were written; he that regardeth truth in the inward parts, making him to underftand wisdom fecretly. And the good man would often fay, "The Scripture was not writ to beget pride and difputa❝tions, and oppofition to government; but moderation, and "charity, and humility, and obedience, and peace, and piety in "mankind; of which no good man did ever repent himself

upon his death-bed." And that this was really his judgment did appear in his future writings, and in all the actions of his life. Nor was this excellent man a ftranger to the more light and airy parts of learning, as mufic and poetry; all which he had digefted, and made ufeful; and of all which the reader will have a fair teftimony in what follows".

Thus he continued his ftudies in all quietnefs for the space of three or more years; about which time he entered into Sacred Orders, and was made both Deacon and Priest; and not long after, in obedience to the College Statutes, he was to

a In 1679 Mr. Hooker read the Hebrew Lecture at Oxford, during the indifpofition of Mr. Thomas Kingfmill, Fellow of Magdalen College, who in 1565 was elected Public Orator, and in 1569 Hebrew Profefsor. This circumftance, mentioned by Walton, in the earlier editions of Mr. Hooker's Life, was afterward omitted; as alfo the account of his expul Gion from his College in 1579, with his immediate refioration. This expulfion probably did not happen, or the caufe of it was fo frivolous as Not to deferve notice.

preach either at St. Peter's, Oxford, or at St. Paul's Crofs, London, and the laft fell to his allotment.

b The Fellows of Corpus Chrifti College in Oxford are obliged by their own fiatutes to preach at Paul's Crofs, or St. Peter's in Oxford, in Lent, before they can be admitted to the degree of Bachelor in Divinity. There were no fermons preached before the Univerfity at the time of the foundation of C. C. C. but in Lent. The University Church is of a later date.

We learn from Stowe, that in the midst of the churchyard of St. Paul's was a pulpit cross of timber, mounted upon fteps of ftone, and covered with lead, in which were fermons preached by learned divines every Sunday in the forenoon, when the Court and the Magifirates of the city, befides a vaft concourse of people, ufually attended. Dugdale mentions" its leaded cover." This circumftance explains Owen's epigram entitled "Paul's Crosse and the Crosse in Cheap oppofite St. Peter's Church."

"Aurea cur Petro pofita eft Crux, plumbea Paulo ?

"Paulinam decorant aurea Verba Crucem."

In foul and rainy weather thefe folemn fermons were preached at a place called "The Shrouds," which was, it feems, by the fide of the Cathedral Church, under a covering or fhelter. In the Pepyfian Collection at Magdalen College in Cambridge, is a drawing of the pulpit at Paul's Crofs, as it appeared in 1621.During the wars of York and Lan cafter Paul's Crofs was a mere flate engine.

"Here is th' indictment of the good Lord Haftings,
"Which, in a fet hand, fairly is ingrofs'd;

"That it may be to-day read o'er in Paul's."

SHAKESPEAR'S RICHARD III. Act III. Sc. Vİ. It was at Paul's Crofs that in the beginning of the Reformation the Rood of Grace, whofe eyes and lips were moved with wires, was expofed to the view of the people and defiroyed by them. It was a place of general refort, where the citizens met, like the Athenians of old, for the fake of hearing and telling of news. "A man was afked whether he "was at the fermon at Paul's Crofs? and he answered that he was there; "and being afked what news there? Marry, quoth he, wonderful news." And it was fometimes a fubject of complaint, that the people walked up and down in the fermon-time, and that there was fuch buzzing and huzzing in the preacher's ear, that it made him oft to forget his matter. It feems to have been within the province of the Bishop of London, to fummon from the Universities, or from other places, perfons of the best abilities to preach there. Sandys, when Bishop of London, in an addrefs to the Lord Treasurer Burghley and the Earl of Leicester, concern✩ ing feditious preachers, tells them that "he does what he can to procure "fit men to preach at the Cross, but that he cannot know their hearts." (Strype's Whitgift, Appendix, p. 9.) For the due providing thefe fermons, and for the encouragement of the preachers, Bishop Aylmer was a great benefactor.

When Bishop Jewel was a pupil at Oxford, Mr. Parkhurft, his tutor, gave hin Tindal's Tranflation of the Bible" to read, himself overlooking Coverdale's. Obferving Jewel's acute remarks on these two ver fions, he exclaimed, "Surely Paul's Crofs will one day ring of this boy." Prophefying, as it were, fays my author, of that noble fermon of his at Paul's Crofs, in 1560, on 1 Cor, xi 23.· ́ (Prince's Worthies of Devon.)

In order to which fermon, to London he came, and immediately to the Shunamites-Houfe; which is a house fo called; for that, befides the ftipend paid the preacher, there is provifion made alfo for his lodging and diet two days before, and one day after his fermon. This houfe was then kept by John Churchman, fometimes a draper of good note in Wattling-ftreet, upon whom, after many years of plenty, poverty had at laft come like an armed man, and brought him into a necefsitous condition; which, though it be a punishment, is not always an argument of God's disfavour, for he was a virtuous man: I fhall not yet give the like teftimony of his wife, but leave the reader to judge by what follows. But to this houfe Mr. Hooker came fo wet, fo weary, and weather-beaten, that he was never known to exprefs more pafsion, than against a friend that diffuaded him from footing it to London, and for hiring him no easier a horse, (fuppofing the horse trotted when he did not); and at this time alfo, fuch a faintnefs and fear pofsefsed him, that he would not be perfuaded two days quietnefs, or any other means could be used to make him able to preach his Sunday's fermon; but a warm bed, and reft, and drink proper for a cold, given him by Mrs. Churchman, and her diligent attendance added unto it, enabled him to perform the office of the day, which was in or about the year 1581.

And in this first public appearance to the world, he was not fo happy as to be free from exceptions against a point of doctrine delivered in his fermon, which was, that "in God there ་་ were two wills; an antecedent, and a confequent will: his "first will, that all mankind fhould be faved; but his fecond "will was, that those only should be faved, that did live an"fwerable to that degree of grace which he had offered or af"forded them." This feemed to crofs a late opinion of Mr. Calvin's, and then taken for granted by many that had not a capacity to examine it, as it had been by him, and had been fince by Dr. Jackfon, Dr. Hammond, and others of great learning, who believe that a contrary opinion trenches upon the honour and juftice of our merciful God. How he justified this, I will not undertake to declare; but it was not excepted against (as Mr. Hooker declares in an occafional answer to Mr.

d Of this diftinguished divine, the founder of the Church of Geneva, fee Mr. Hooker's Preface to his "Ecclefiaftical Polity," Sect. II.

The name of Dr. HAMMOND requires no eulogy. His excellent writings fully demonftrate his piety and learning. It is remarked of him, that, after all his great acquifitions, the fcholar was lefs eminent than the Chriftian: That his fpeculative knowledge, which gave light to the most dark and difficult points, became eclipfed by the more dazzling lufire of his practice.