he was his contemporary there), told the King (it was the knowing and confcientious King Charles I.) that there was one Mr. Sanderson, an obfcure country Minifter, that was of fuch fincerity, and fo excellent in all cafuiftical learning, that he defired his Majefty would take fo much notice of him as to make him his Chaplain. The King granted it moft willingly, and gave the Bishop charge to haften it; for he longed to difcourfe with a man that had dedicated his ftudies to that useful part of learning. The Bishop forgot not the King's defire, and Mr. Sanderfon was made his Chaplain in Ordinary in November following (1631). And when the King and he became better known to each other, then, as it is faid, that after many hard questions put to the prophet Daniel, King Darius found 66 an excellent spirit in himP;" fo it was with Mr. Sanderson and our excellent King; who having put many cafes of conscience to him, received from Mr. Sanderson fuch deliberate, fafe, and clear folutions, as gave him fo great content in converfing with him (which he did feveral times in private) that, at the end of his month's attendance, the King told him "he' "fhould long for the next November; for he refolved to have cc a more inward acquaintance with him when that month and "he returned." And when the month and he did return, the good King was never abfent from his fermons, and would ufually fay, "I carry my ears to hear other preachers, but I "carry my confcience to hear Mr. Sanderson, and to act accordingly." And this ought not to be concealed from pofterity, that the King thought what he spake: For he took him to be his adviser in that quiet part of his life, and he proved to be his comforter in those days of his affliction, when he was under fuch a restraint as he apprehended himself to be in danger of death or depofing. Of which more hereafter. In the first Parliament of this good King (which was 1625), he was chofen to be a Clerk of the Convocation for the Diocese of Lincoln, which I here mention, because about that time did arife many disputes about predestination, and the many critical points that depend upon or are interwoven in it; occafioned as patronage, unexpected and undesired, upon Mr. John Hales, of Eton, who esteemed him fo much, that he mourned for his death in a most remarkable manner, and wifhed he had died in his Read! • A Prince! whom the noble historian juftly describes as "the worthiest "gentleman, the best mafter, the best friend, the best husband, the belt fa"ther, and the best Christian, that the age in which he lived produced." p Mr. Walton, generally quoting from memory, is not always accurate Compare Dan. i. 19, 20. and vi. 3. 4 Dr. Sanderfon, being a Prebendary of Southwell, ferved as one of the Clerks of the Convocation for the Archdeaconry of Nottingham, in the former part of the Long Parliament,~(Thoroton's History of Nottinghamshire, p. 475.) was faid, by a difquifition of new principles of Mr. Calvin, though others fay they were long before his time. But of thefe Dr. Sanderson, then drew up for his own fatisfaction fuch a fcheme (he called it "Pax Ecclefiæ") as then gave himself, and hath fince given others, fuch fatisfaction, that it ftill remains to be of great eftimation. He was alfo chofen Clerk of all the Convocations during that good King's reign; which I here tell my reader, because I fhall hereafter have occafion to mention that Convocation in 1640, that unhappy Long Parliament, and fome debates of the predettinarian points, as they have been fince charitably handled betwixt him, the learned Dr. Hammond', and Dr. Pierce, the now reverend Dean of Salisbury. And here the reader may note, that in letters wrote to the faid Dean, Dr. Sanderfon feems to have altered his judgment in fome On a portrait of Dr. Henry Hammond, Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, afterward Canon of Chrift-Church, Public Orator of the Univer fity, one of King Charles the Firft's Chaplains, and a conftant attendant on his Majefty during his laft troubles, are infcribed the following lines : "En gentis lumen columen culmenque togatæ (GUTCH'S WOOD's HISTORY, &c. p. 328.) This good man who has already been mentioned in this volume, was born at Chertsey, in Surrey, Aug. 18, 1605, being the youngest fon of Dr. John Hammond, phyfician to Prince Henry. Educated at Eton School, he was fent to Magdalen College, Oxford. In 1630, he was preferred by the Earl of Leicester to the Rectory of Penshurft.-In 1639, he proceeded D. D. was Member of Convocation in 1640, and afterward named to be of the Affembly of Divines. In 1643, he was perfecuted and forced to retire, the Parliament vifitors ejecting him from his canonry of Christ-church and his office of Public Orator. Having spent his life in great retiredness, lucubration, and devotion, he furrendered up his moft pious foul to God, in the houfe of Sir John Packington, April 25, 1660, aged 55 years: Whereupon his body was, upon the morrow, in the evening, buried in the chancel of Hampton Church, with the whole office and ufual rites of the Church of England, not at that time reftored or practifed by public command, See Kennet's Register,” p. 123. Bishop Burnet has obferved, that Hammond's death before the restoration was an unspeakable loss to the Church; that he was a man of great learning and of most eminent merit, having been the person that, during the bad times, had maintained the caufe of the Church in a very fingular manner; that he was a very moderate man in his temper, though with a high principle, and perhaps he would have fallen into healing counfels. He was alfo much fet on reforming abufes, and for reviving in the Clergy a due fenfe of the obligations they were under. $ Dr. THOMAS PIERCE, for fome years Prefident of Magdalen College, Oxford, well known in his time for his skill in the quinquarticular controverfy, and for his writings in defence of the ancient eftablifiment of the Church of England, against Baxter, Calamy, and other Non-conformists. On the Promotion of Dr. Ralph Bridecke to the See of Chichester, he was appoint ed Dean of Salisbury. He compofed the following epitaph upon himself, a little before his death : "Hers points, fince he wrote his fcheme, called "Pax Ecclefiæ," which he feems to fay in his laft Will, befides other reasons to think fo. In the year 1636, his Majefty, then in his progrefs, took a fair occafion to visit Oxford, and to take an entertainment for two days for himself and his honourable attendants; which the reader ought to believe was fuitable to their dignities: But this is mentioned, becaufe at the King's coming thither, May 3, Mr. Sanderson did then attend him, and was then (the 31st of Auguft) created Doctor of Divinity; which honour had an addition to it, by having many of the nobility of this nation then made Doctors and Masters of Arts with him: Some of whofe names fhall be recorded and live with his, and none shall out "Here lies all that was mortal, the outfide, duft, and afhes of Thomas "Pierce, D. D. once the President of a College in Oxford, at first the Rec"tor of Brington-cum-Membris, Canon of Lincoln, and at lait Dean of Sarum; who fell asleep in the Lord Jefus, [Mar. 28. an. 1691.] but in hope of an awake at the refurrection. He knew himself, and taught "others, that all the glorified faints in heaven cannot amount to one Sa"viour, as all the stars in the firmament cannot make up one fun. There"fore his only hope and trust was in the Lord Jefus, who will change," &c. Phil. iii. 21. "Difce, viator, perinde efse, feu fragile frangi, feu mortale mori,” (Wood's Ath. Oxon. Vol. II. p. 862.) Of his difputes with Ward, Bishop of Salisbury, fee Dr. Walter Pope's Life of that Prelate, p. 171, 182. Dr. Pierce, in a letter to Mr. Ifaac Walton, dated 1677-8, gives a particular account, from a book written by Dr. Hammond, of Dr. Sanderson's change of fentiments relative to the famous points controverted between the Calvinists and the Arminians-how his firit reading of learned Hooker had been occafioned by certain puritanical pamphlets, and how good a preparative he found it for his reading of "Calvin's Inftitutions," the honour of whofe name (at that time especially)gave fuch credit to his errors. How he erred with Mr. Calvin, while he took things upon truft, in the fublapfarian way. How being chofen to be a Clerk of the Convocation for the Diocese of Lincoln, he reduced the quinquarticular controverly into five fchemes and tables; and thereupon difcerned the necefsity of quitting the fublapfarian way, of which he had before a better liking, as well as the fupralapfarian, which he could never fancy. t The King, Queen, and their refpective courts, having being entertained this year by the University, on the 29th and 30th of August, it was his Majefty's pleasure, upon his leaving the University, which was the 31ft of the fame month, that there fhould be a creation in feveral faculties. Whereupon the names of those that made fuit to be actually created being given into the hands of the Chancellor, Dr. Laud Archbishop of Canterbury, by one of the Secretaries of State, was a Convocation celebrated on the fame day in the afternoon, wherein were actually created two Bachelors of Arts, two Bachelors of Law, five and forty Masters of Arts, ten Bachelors in Divinity, three Doctors of Civil Law, three Doctors of Phyfic, and one and twenty Doctors in Divinity. (Wood's Ath. Ox. Vol. I. Col. 268.) Archbishop Laud has given a full account of his entertainment of their Majefties, when, at this their fummer progress, they visited the University. (Laud's Remains, &c. Vol. II. p. 100.) live it. First, Dr. Curle and Dr. Wren", who were then Bifhops of Winton and of Norwich, and had formerly taken their degrees in Cambridge, were with him created Doctors of Divinity in his Univerfity. So was Meric, the fon of the learned Ifaac Cafaubon'; and Prince Rupert ", who ftill lives; the "Dr. MATTHEW WREN, fuccefsively Bishop of Hereford, Norwich, and Ely, died April 24, 1667, aged eighty-one years and upwards. He was diftinguished for his extraordinary attachment to the royal cause, having fuffered an imprisonment for eighteen years with fingular patience and magnanimity. The prefsures under which he lay during this period were fuch, that, his eftate being taken away, he could not allow his children bread, much less fupply their expenfes for living in Colleges. (Kennet's Register, p. 220.) He built the beautiful Chapel at Pembroke-Hall, in Cambridge, where he was buried with the greatest folemnity feen in the memory of man, performed by the whole Univerfity, twenty-four scholars of St. "John's, Peter-house, and Pembroke, being his relations, in mourning.” (Lloyd's State Worthies, p. 612)—The history of his life has been faithfully written by his great nephew, Chriftopher Wren, Esq. who left behind him a treatife in manufcript, with this title, "Parentalia; Memorials of the Lives of the Right Reverend Father in God, Matthew Wren, D. D. 'Lord Bishop of Ely, Christopher Wren, D. D. Dean of Windfor, and Sir Christopher Wren, Knight, Surveyor General of the Royal Buildings. With Collections and Records of original Papers." This treatise was publifhed by his fon, Stephen Wren, Efq It should not be forgotten, that when Cromwell had repeatedly offered to release the Bishop, he refused to accept of the proffered boon, faying "that he scorned to receive his liberty from a tyrant and ufurper." His life was kindly prolonged by Providence, that as he had feen the destruction fo he might also see the happy restoration of his order. ་་ ▾ MERIC CASAUBON, the heir of a great name and a learned race, having for his father Ifaac Cafaubon, who is called by Jofeph Scaliger, doctifsimus omnium qui hodie vivunt," (his grandfather being Henry Stephens, and his great grandfather Robert Stephens) was born at Geneva, in 1599. He came into England with his father, and was educated at Christ-Church in Oxford. It will be unnecefsary to expatiate on his vast erudition. He was much esteemed by James I. and Charles I. He nobly rejected the propofal of Cromwell, who invited him with the offer of a penfion to write the history of his life: And when Chriftina, Queen of Sweden, folicited him to undertake the government of one or more of her Univerfities, he declined a compliance with her request, and determined to end his days in England. He was a Prebendary of Canterbury, and died in See the infcription on his tomb in the Cathedral Church of Can 1671. terbury. w The name of this Prince, the third fon of the unfortunate Queen of Bohemia, occurs not unfrequently in the annals of this and of the fucceeding reign. After innumerable toils, and a variety of heroic actions performed by him both by fea and land, he spent several years in fedate ftudies, and the profecution of chymical and philofophical experiments. He died, Nov. 29. 1682, in the 63d year of his age, generally lamented, having maintained fuch good temper, and exact neutrality in the unhappy divifions which then prevailed, that he was honoured and respected by men of the molt differing interefts. See "Echard's Hiftory of England," Vol. III. P. 606. then Duke of Lenoxx, Earl of Hereford, Earl of Efsex, Earl of Berkshire, and very many others of noble birth, too many to be named, were then created Masters of Arts. Some years before the unhappy Long Parliament, this nation being then happy and in peace, though inwardly fick of being well, namely in the year 1639, a difcontented party of the Scots Church were zealously reftlefs for another reformation of their kirk government; and to that end created a new Covenant; for the general taking of which they pretended to petition the King for his afsent, and that he would enjoin the taking of it by all of that nation. But this petition was not to be prefented to him by a committee of eight or ten men of their fraternity, but by fo many thoufands, and they fo armed, as feemed to force an afsent to what they feemed but to request : So that though forbidden by the King, yet they entered England, and in their heat of zeal took and plundered Newcastle, where the King was forced to meet them with an army; but upon a treaty and fome concefsions he fent them back, though not fo rich as they intended, yet, for that time, without bloodshed. But oh! this peace and this covenant were but the forerunners of war and the many miferies that followed: For in the year following there were fo many chofen into the Long Parliament, that were of a conjunct council with those very zealous and as d X LODOWICK, Duke of Lenox, created Earl of Richmond, 11 James I.; and afterward Duke of Richmond, in 1623. He was at this time a student of Trinity College in Cambridge. y Rather, Earl of Hertford. WILLIAM SEYMOUR, Earl of Hertford, educated in Magdalen College, Oxford. He was admitted B. A. in 1607. In 1643, he was elected Chancellor of this Univerfity, and being deprived by the Parliament in 1647, was re-inftated May 26, 1660. He died Duke of Somerset in October following. Z ROBERT DEVEREUX, Viscount Hereford and Earl of Essex, who was afterward Captain-General of the army railed by the Parliament against the King. a THOMAS HOWARD, Viscount Andover, created Baron of Charlton and Earl of Berkshire. b Like the Italian Patient on whom this epitaph was written: "STAVO BEN, MA, PER STAR MEGLIO, STO QUI.” c The Scotch army entered England, Aug. 20, 1640, and by flow marches encamped on the 27th of that month at Newbourn-upon-Tyne, four miles west trom Newcastle. The King's forces, under the command of the Lord Conway, attempting to prevent them from pafsing the river, after a fierce but unfuccefsful engagement, retreated in contufion, and abandoned Newcastle, which immediately fell into the bands of the Scots. (Kennet's Hist. of England, Vol. III. p. 96.) d This treaty was made at Ripon, where the English and Scotch Commifsioners met. B b |