was then Bishop of Lincoln, and a Moderator with other Bifhops) to fay, with an unusual éarnestness, “ that he had never "met with a man of more pertinacious confidence, and lefs "abilities, in all his converfationi."

But though this debate at the Savoy was ended without any great fatisfaction to either party, yet both parties knew the defires, and understood the abilities of the other much better than before it and the late diftrefsed Clergy, that were now reftored to their former rights and power, were fo charitable, as at their next meeting in Convocation to contrive to give the difsenting party fatisfaction, by alteration, explanation, and addition, to fome part both of the Rubric and Common Prayer; as alfo by adding fome new necefsary Collects, with a parti cular Collect of thanksgiving. How many of these new collects were worded by Dr. Sanderfon, I cannot say; but am fure the whole Convocation valued him so much, that he never undertook to speak to any point in queftion, but he was heard with great willingness and attention; and when any point in queftion was determined, the Convocation did ufually defire him to word their intentions, and as ufually approve and thank him.

At this Convocation the Common-Prayer was made more complete by adding three new necefsary offices; which were, A Form of Humiliation for the Murder of King Charles the Martyr;" "A Thanksgiving for the Restoration of his Son our King," and "For the Baptizing of Perfons of riper Age." I cannot fay Dr. Sanderson did form or word them all, but doubtless more than any single man of the Convocation; and he did alfo, by defire of the Convocation, alter and add to the forms of prayers to be used at fea (now taken into the ServiceBook). And it may be noted, that William, the now most

i "At this Conference in the Savoy," Bishop Morley tells us, "the "generality of the non-conforming Divines showed themselves unwilling to enter upon difpute; and feemed to like much better another way tending to an amicable and fair compliance, which was frustrated by a "certain perfon's furious eagerness to engage in a difputation." (The Protestaut Peace-maker, by Bishop Rust, 1682.) There is little doubt, bur that Mr. Baxter is here meant.

"It was thought convenient, that fome prayers and thanksgivings, fitted to special occafions, thould be added in their due places, particularly for thofe at fea, together with an office for the baptifm of fuch as are of riper years; which, although not so necefsary, when the former "book was compiled, yet, by the growth of Anabaptism, through the "licentioufefs of the late times, crept in amongst us, is now become ne"cessary, and may be always useful for the baptizing of natives in our plantations, and others converted to the faith."

(Preface to the Common Prayer.)

k Dr. WILLIAM SANCROFT was, as his name imports, a man of incorrupt fincerity. If innocence of life, and rectitude of heart, ever demanded

our

Reverend Archbishop of Canterbury, was in these employments diligently ufeful, and especially in helping to rectify the Kalendar and Rubric. And lastly, it may be noted, that for the fatisfying all the difsenting brethren and others, the Convocation's reafons for the alterations and additions to the Liturgy were by them defired to be drawn up by Dr. Sanderfon; which being done by him, and approved by them, was appointed to be printed before the Liturgy, and may be now known by this title, "The Preface:" and begins thus, " It "hath been the wisdom of the Church."

I fhall now follow Dr. Sanderson to his Bishopric, and declare a part of his behaviour in that bufy and weighty employment. And first, that it was with fuch condefcenfion and obligingness to the meanest of his Clergy, as to know and be known to most of them. And indeed he practifed the like to all men of what degree foever, especially to his old neighbours or parishioners of Boothby Pannell, for there was all joy at his table when they came to vifit him: Then they prayed for him, and he for them with an unfeigned affection.

I think it will not be denied, but that the care and toil required of a Bishop may juftly challenge the riches and revenue

our esteem and veneration, this Prelate is justly entitled to them. To a good confcience he facrificed every worldly confideration. When he lay upon his death-bed, he was vifited by Mr. Needham, formerly one of his Chaplains, who had differed from him in his political conduct. Having given him his benediction moit affectionately, he faid, "You and I have gone different ways in these late affairs; but I trust that Heaven's gates "are wide enough to receive us both." Upon Mr. Needham's modelt attempt to give an account of his own conduct, his Grace was pleased to reply; "I always took you for an honeft man: What I faid concerning "my felf was only to let you know, that what I have done I have done in "the integrity of my heart, indeed in the great integrity of my heart." See his character finely drawn by Mr, Nelfon, in "The Life of Dr. George Bull," p. 354.

Dr. John Pell, the first mathematician of the age in which he lived, and celebrated for his knowledge of ancient and modern languages, was the perfon who, on Dec. 5, 1661, brought into the Upper Houfe of Convocation, the Kalendar reformed by him, with the assistance of Mr. Sancroft.

1. The Preface is faid to be drawn up by Dr. Sanderson, and it should "feem by the ftyle thereof to be his. However no mention of his being "the author of it is made in the A&ts of the Upper Houte of Convoca"tion. It is there only faid, ' Die Lun. 2. Decemb. Præfatium five Ex« ‹ orðium Libri Precum fuit Introduct, et Public. Perlect.' On Monday "the 2d of December, the Preface or Introduction to the Common "Prayer-Book was brought in and read: But it is not faid by whom. " It was referred to a Committee of the Upper House, to confider of it, ❝ who were Dr. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Ely; Dr. Robert Skinner, "Bishop of Oxon; Dr. Humphrey Henchman, Bishop of Sarum; and "Dr. George Griffith, Bishop of St. Asaph. On the 13th of that month, "the Acts fay, fome amendments were made to the Preface." (Dr. Nicholl's Comment on the Common Prayer.)—It may be further remarked, that the Players "for Ember Weeks," "for the Parliament," " for all Conditions of Men," were added at the review of the Liturgy in 1661.

with which their predecessors had lawfully endowed them'; and yet he fought not that so much, as doing good with it both to the prefent age and pofterity; and he made this appear by what follows.

The Bishop's chief houfe at Bugden, in the county of Huntington, the ufual refidence of his predecessors (for it stands about the midst of his Diocese), having been at his confecration * great part of it demolished, and what was left standing under a vifible decay, was by him undertaken to be erected and repaired; and it was performed with great fpeed, care, and chargem. And to this may be added, that the King having by an injunction commended to the care of the Bishops, Deans, and Prebends of all Cathedral Churches, the repair of them, their houses, and an augmentation of the revenue of fmall Vi carages; he, when he was repairing Bugden, did also augment the laft, as faft as fines were paid for renewing leafes: So faft, that a friend taking notice of his bounty, was fo bold as to advise him to remember, "he was under his firft fruits, "and that lie was old, and had a wife and children that

m Dr. JOHN WILLIAMS, Bishop of Lincoln, did wonders at his feat of Bugden, with the will of a liberal man, and the wit of a good furveyor': For, in the space of one year, with many hands and good pay, he turned a ruinous thing into a stately manfion. The out-houfes were re-edified with convenient beauty, as well for ufe as uniformity: And the outward courts, which were next them, he caft into fair alleys, and grafs-plats. Within doors, the cloifters were the trimmett part of his reparations: The windows of the fquare beautified with ftories of coloured glafs; the pavement laid fmooth and new; and the walls, on every side, hung with pieces of exquifite workmen in limning, collected and provided long before. The like and better was done for the Chapel in all these circumstances, and with as much coft as it was capable of. He loved ftirring and walking, which he used two hours or more every day in the open air, if the weather ferved; efpecially if he might go to and fro, where good scents and works of well formed fhape were about him. But that this was his innocent recreation, it would amount to an error, that he should bury fo mach money in gardens, arbours, orchards, pools for water-fowls, and for fish of all variety, with a walk raised three foot from the ground, of about a mile in compafs, faded and covered on each fide with trees and pales. He that reports this knows beft that all the nurferies about London for fair Bowers and choice fruits were ranfacked to furnish him. cinous, if he had lived at Bugden, could not have lived better. And all this, take it together, might have stood to become five ages after his repáration. But what is there that appears now? or what remains of all this cost and body? all is dissipated, defaced, pluckt to pieces to pay army; following the rule, which Severus the Emperor gave to his fons Antoninus and Geta, locupletate Milites, cæteros contemnite!" Here's nothing ftanding of all the Bishop's delights and expenfe. « Nebuzai-adan, the fervant of the King of Babylon, hath been there," 2 Kings, xxv. 8. and made profit of the havoc of the palace, though the building would have yielded more gain to have let it food, than to be demolished. See "Bifhop Hacket's Life of Archbishop Williams," P. II. p. 29.

Al

the

were yet but meanly provided for, especially if his dignity were confidered" To whom he made a mild and thankful anfwer, faying, "It would not become a Chriftian Bishop to "fuffer thofe houfes built by his predecessors to be ruined for "want of repair, and lefs juftifiable to fuffer any of thofe poor "Vicars that were called to fo high a calling as to facrifice at "God's altar, to eat the bread of forrow conftantly, when he "had a power by a small augmentation to turn it unto the "bread of cheerfulness; and wifhed, that as this was, fo it 66 were alfo in his power to make all mankind happy, for he "defired nothing more. And for his wife and children, he "hoped to leave them a competence, and in the hands of "God that would provide for all that kept innocence, and "trufted in his providence and protection, which he had al"ways found enough to make and keep him happy "."

There was in his Diocese a Minifter of almost his age, that had been of Lincoln College when he left it, who visited him often, and always welcome, because he was a man of innocence and open-heartednefs: This Minifter afked the Bishop what Books he ftudied most, when he laid the foundation of his great and clear learning? To which his anfwer was, "That "he declined reading many books; but what he did read were "well chofen P, and read fo often, that he became very fami

Dr. Sanderfon had issue three fons, and two daughters. 1. Catharine, baptized May 27, 1621. Thomas, baptized Feb. 2, 1621, which Thomas was married at Lenton, otherwife Lavington, to Elizabeth Winlup, one of the daughters of Samuel Winiup, S. T. P. June 19, 1655. Being de prived of his Fellowship of Corpus Chrifti College in Oxford, he applied himself to phyfic, and became eminent in the practice of it at Grantham, where he died. 3. Mary, baptized May 30, 1625, who was married to William Geery of Braunton, Clerk, Oct. 16, 1649. 4. Robert, baptized Nov. 18, 1630, and married to Anne Foxley, grand-daughter of Edward Foxley, fenior, parish-clerk, May 17, 1658. 5. Henry, baptized Dec. 3, 1633. (From the Parish Register of Boothby Pannell.) --Henry married Frances, the eldest daughter of Edward fecond Earl of Manchester, by his fecond wife, the daughter of Robert Rich Earl of Warwick. (Collins's Peerage, Vol. II. p. 113.)

• Among the fubfcribers towards the repair of the dilapidated buildings of Christ Church in Oxford, we find the name of Dr. Sanderson contributing eighty pounds. (Kennet's Register, p. 345.),

P Luther advised all that intended to ftudy in what art foever, that they fhould betake themfelves to the reading of fome fure and certain forts of books oftentimes over and again; for to read many forts of books produceth more and rather confufion, than to learn thereout any thing certainly or perfectly, like as thofe that dwell every where and remain certainly in no place, fuch do dwell no where, nor are any where at home. And like as in company we ufe not daily the community of all good friends, but of fome few felected, even fo likewife ought we to accuftom ourselves to the best books, and to make the fame familiar unto us, that is, to have them, as we use to say, at our finger's ends. (Luther's Table Talk, p. 507.)

"liar with them;" and told him, "they were chiefly three, ""Ariftotle's Rhetoric," "Aquinas's Secunda Secundæ," " and "Tully," but chiefly his "Offices," which he had not "read over lefs than twenty times, and could at this age repeat "without book" And told him alfo, "The learned Civilian "Doctor Zouch (who died lately) had writ "Elementa Jurif"prudentiæ;" which was a book that he thought he could alfo "fay without book; and that no wife man could read it too "often, or love, or commend it too much" And he told him "the ftudy of thefe had been his toil; but for himself, he al"ways had a natural love to genealogies and heraldry; and "that when his thoughts were harassed with any perplexed "ftudies, he left off, and turned to them as a recreation; and "that his very recreation had made him fo perfect in them, "that he could in a very short time give an account of the de"fcent, arms, and antiquity of any family of the nobility or "gentry of this nation."

Before I give an account of his last sickness, I defire to tell

I THOMAS AQUINAS, ufually ftyled "The Angelic Doctor," and "The Eagle of Divines," was the great luminary of the fcholaftic world, in the fourteenth century. He first introduced the Philofophy of Aristotle, in direct oppofition to feveral Divines, and particularly to the Roman Pontiffs. It was usual, at that time, to compofe and publish sums, or fyftema. tical collections of virtues and vices. "The Second Part of the Sum of "Thomas Aquinas was wholly employed in laying down the principles of "morality, and in deducing and illustrating the various duties that refult "from them." (Mosheim's Eccles. Hist. Vol. III. p. 102.) "Not"withstanding the ridicule, which, in thefe days, attends the mere men"tion of the Angelic Doctor, I will venture to affirm,” says an eminent writer of the present age, * That in that work The Summa Theologica "of Thomas Aquinas, there are, mixed indeed with many difficult "fubtleties and perverfe interpretations of Scripture, not a few theolo"gical questions of great moment, ftated with clearness and judgment."

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"Tully's Offices,' a book which boys read and men underftand, was "fo esteemed of my Lord Burleigh, that, to his dying day, he always car"ried it about him, either in his bofom or his pocket, as a complete "piece, that, like Ariftotle's Rhetoric,' would make both a scholar and an honest man." (Lloyd's State Worthies.)" En itaque quem in hoc fcriptionis genere ducem fequaris ilium olim in Academiâ Oxonienfi Theologiæ Profefsorem regium, SANDERSONUM: Hominem in primis "dialecticum, neque verò minùs oratorem: Qui horridiorem illam fcho"lafticorum axißtar, elegantiæ cujufdam nov et fingularis condimento "temperatam exhibuit; ita ut de qualibet re fubjectâ aptè, diftin&tè, graviter, nec inornatè verba faceret. Unde illi hæc eximia dicendi facultas "accefserit rogas? Inde nimirum unde eandem et ipfe facilè pofsis de"promere. Verfabatur ilie in M. T. Ciceronis Operibus non quidem oratoriis, quæ plus admirationis, quàm imitationis habere videbantur, "fed in philofophicis ; quippe ad ufus morales communesque magis at"temperatis: Hac ille continuò legere, relegere, eorum fuccum atque "fanguinem haurire, in fcripta fua transfundere. Itaque illi verborum τι neque delectus neque copia deerat." (Dr. John Burton's Address to the Header, prefixed to his Latin Tract, entitled "Samuel.")