13 And the evening and the morning were the third day.

14 And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven, to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and for years.

15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven, to give light upon the earth, and it was so.

to iterate. " plur. ' two, double or twice dyed. a tooth, plur.

,שנים

-in ו .68 .num מארת the same as מאורת .for lights. for למאורת .76

serted, vide rule 158. Also л as a noun fem. in regim. signifies the hole made by serpents in the ground, because it gives light.

ברקיע .77

in the expanse of. 2 in. yp, vide num. 35.

the rule for the agreement of the verb in number, gender, and person with its noun. The converse of this sometimes happens; as, IN 1975 “the man (they) shall say. y 101" the wicked man (they) flee." Perhaps in the first anomaly the noun must be taken collectively, in the other the verb should be understood distributively.

'' is also masculine, and л feminine; as often as this exception happens, the choice of the more worthy gender, the masculine, as in this case, is thought to denote excellency; and when a verb is put in the feminine, though the noun is masculine, it is supposed to express the contrary. Ezek. xxxiii. 26. ¡nwy is used, though spoken of men. Vide rule 128.

Similar exceptions are frequently found to the rule for the agreement of the adjective with the substantive in gender and number. A plural adjective, when put with a singular noun, may signify that it is to be taken collectively, ' “ all Judah coming;” and when an adjective in the singular is joined with a noun plural, it may be intended to show that the noun must be understood distributively; as I those cursing thee are (each of them) cursed.

When an adjective masculine is joined with a feminine substantive, it probably denotes dignity, excellency, or something emphatical, as 0 8 great lights. On the contrary, when the feminine adjective is chosen to be put with a masculine substantive, it may be designed thereby to express contempt or unworthiness; as y

גדלת ערים

leair

ol

Alēim Uiosh .ken uiēi earets

16 להאיר 78 על 13 הארץ 8 ויהי 22 כן: 44 ויעש 38 אלהים 3

sheni at

ēmaret

ēgedelim

at

ēmaur

את 4 שני 45 המארת 79 הגדלים 80 את 4 המאור 76

ĕium lememeshelet egedel

82

équethen ĕmaur uat

הקטן הגדל 80 לממשלת 81 היום 30 ואת 6 המאור 76

lememeshelet

ēlilē

ויתן 17 לממשלת 81 הלילה 31 ואת 6 הכוכבים: 83

atem

leair ēshemim berequio Alēim

84

Uiten

ol

אתם 85 אלהים 3 ברקיע 77 השמים 5 להאיר 78 על 13

bium Ulemeshel .earets

ubelilē

ulebedil

18 הארץ: 8 ולמשל 86 ביום 30 ובלילה 31 ולהבדיל 87

bin

ĕaur

uira eheshek ubin

ki Alēim

בין 28 האור 21 ובין 28 החשך 12 וירא 24 אלהים 3 כי 25

78.

for to give light. for. Rule 142. 7 the infinitive of

.99 Rule אור or א Hiphil of

luminaries. ¬ emphatic. Rule 150.

formative. Rule

79.

178., vide num. 68. 76.

,נדלים .great. Masc. plur גדול and גדל .emphat ה .great הגדלים 80

rule 19, from 1 to grow. The fem. n might have been used with the fem. noun л, but it is probable that the masculine was used as a stronger expression. Vide rule 114. Vide num. 67 in note.

great cities. Deut. i. 28. These were the cities of the Canaanites. Yet has been deemed in such cases a feminine termination.

When two substantives, one whereof is masculine and the other feminine, have one and the same verb, or one and the same adjective, such verb or adjective, for herein also they follow the same rule, is usually masculine and plural.

But the verb and the adjective differ in their positions with respect to their substantive. Adjectives, except numerals, generally follow the substantives with which they agree; whilst verbs almost always are placed before the nouns, to which their gender, number, and person are accommodated. When the adjective precedes its substantive, the verb to be (nn) is for the most part understood.

16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night; he made the stars also.

17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven, to give light upon the earth,

18 And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness; and God saw that it was good.

81. nupp for the rule of. for. The first is formative, the second ♬ radical. ♬ is for because in construction, rule 26, ↳ and

.to rule משל dominion here used, are from ממשלה .and the fem ממשל

קטן

הקטן

82. jopa little. emphat. ¡p small, from up to diminish.*

83. D'Jn stars. ¡ emphat. 1 is formative. Rule 158. D' is the plural of a star, which is from 1 to shine.

84. and God placed. 1 conversive. Num. 19. ¡n is the third pers. masc. sing. fut. Kal for in from ¡n to give. This verb sometimes drops its final ↑ according to rule 105, sometimes its first radical as in this instance, and at other times it is doubly defective; see rule 108.

85. on them. ns vid. num. 4. or on them is a pronoun masc. plur. third pers. R. 40. Dлs when a primitive pronoun is the plural masc. of the second person. Rule 31. The learner must distinguish

את אתי .thou masc אתך אתה, אתי between the primitive pronouns

thou fem. Dn you masc. ¡ns you fem. &c. and when suffixed by pronouns; because the sense is sometimes different. The most usual affixes of ns are the following; n with me, me, with us, us, 78 with or in thee, with you, you, s with him, him, nns with her,

,unto or with them אתן אתהן .with them, them, masc אתם or אתהם,her

them, fem.nans them.

86. oh and to rule.and.to or for. is the infin. Kal. of up to govern. Rule 142.

is the הבדיל .to or for ל .and to cause a division, and ולהבדיל .87

infinit. Hiphil of 72 to divide.

* The particles which are prefixed to the substantive, as 2, 4, ¤, &c. are not repeated before the adjective, but emphatic, which is by some called the definite article, is also prefixed to the adjective participle; and when such adjective, &c. stands alone, it is often used as a substantive.

or

D

19 טוב: 26 ויהי 22 ערב 32 ויהי 22 בקר 33 יום 30 רביעי: 38 שרץ נפש 91 20 ויאמר 19 אלהים ישרצו 8 חמים חיה 92 ועוף 55 יעופף 94 על 1 הארץ : על פני 4 רקיע 35 21 השמים: ויברא 35 אלהים את התנינם הגדלים 80 ואת כל 7 נפש 91 החיה 98 הרמשת 99 אשר 40 שרצו 100 המים 15 למינהם 101 ואת 6 כל 97 עוף 93 כנף 102

the fourth. In the ordinal numbers from the third to the רביעי .88

tenth inclusive, is inserted before the last radical, except in the sixth, and also postfixed in the masculine gender. Vide rule 168.

prefixing a formative &, comes the cardinal ya

four.

to agitate or quadrate; hence also, by רבע and num. 486. The root is

.shall firoduce abundantly. It is the third pers. masc. plur ישרצו .89

fut. Kal, from the root p to swarm, or creep. It agrees with o`s. Rule 127.

90. the reptile. This word may be taken as a noun; or as the part. Ben. Kal of the preceding verb, 1 being rejected by rule 78,

.חיה נפש the sense then is the creeting

91. W the creature. Also the soul, and animal life. V my life, from 3 to breathe. This word, like xn, may signify the animal soul. Vide Whitby and Macknight on 1 Thess. v. 23.

92. n living. It is the part. Ben. Kal of 'n to live. Vide rules

נפש and 78. Also a living creature. The genus is expressed by 86 ,beast of the field בהמה,man אדם living creatures the species are חיה

n'n wild beast, w reptile, and

fly.

fowl, &c.

93. and fowl. 1 and. A participial noun. Rule 158. From y to

to עפף shall fig. It is the third pers. sing. masc. fut. Kal of יעופף .94

fly. 1 is inserted after the first radical, as is sometimes the case in re

duplicate verbs, vide rule 111. but its usual place, when inserted in other verbs, is before the last radical in the fut. and imper. Vide rule

77.

95.

and (God) created. 1 convers. Num. 19. It is the third pers. masc. sing. fut. Kal. Vide num. 2.

19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day. >

20. And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and let the fowl fly above the earth, over the face of the firmament of heaven.

21 And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly after their kind, and every winged fowl after its kind, and God saw that it was good.

96. Dan whales. emphat. Rule 150. A noun masc. plur. The sing. is 'n a whale or serpent. Rule 19. From an to creep, which is perhaps a reduplicate verb from an to wail. Rule 110.

97. every, all, or any. It has been supposed that this word is a substantive, because it is said always to precede the noun with which it is used, which is the invariable rule of a noun in regimine; whereas adjectives commonly follow their substantives. Also is used for the feminine, which is somewhat singular, if an adjective; for adjectives generally terminate, if feminine, in . Yet as a noun in construction it is difficult to render it in English, for it must be the all of, or the whole of. It is from the root to complete.

98. n'nn living. emphat. Rule 150. and vide num. 92.

99. creeping. n emphat. when thus prefixed to a participle often denotes that it is to be taken as a substantive. n is the part. fem. Ben. Kal of v to creep. For the omission of 1 vide rule 78.

100. 1

produced abundantly. It is the third pers. masc. plur. pret. Kal. Vide num. 89.

101.

in their kind. in or to. Rule 175. ' kind. Vid. num;

61. Dn their, them. Suffix. Vide rule 40.

102. the wing. A noun from 1 to remove to a distance.

1

103. and blessed.* and is conversive. Rule 136. num. 19. 7 is the third pers. m. sing. fut. Kal of 72 to bless.

* To bless any thing is to speak good of it or to it. This is the sense of the Hebrew and Greek words for to bless. When God blesses, he speaks good to the person or thing, he approves or communicates good. When man blesses God, he speaks good of him, or ascribes goodness to him. In the former, it is an expression of beneficence, in the latter, of gratitude.