CARUM GAIRDNERI (Atania Gairdneri, Hook. & Arn., & Edosmia montana, præalta, & Oregana, Nutt.): var. LATIFOLIA: caule sesquipedali; segmentis foliorum 3-9 lanceolatis (ad semipollicem usque latis). Sierras, Ebbett's Pass, Yosemite, and near Carson City, Brewer, Bolander, Dr. C. L. Anderson,

CARUM KELLOGII: glaber; radicibus fasciculatis sæpius fusiformiseu tuberoso-incrassatis; caule 2-4-pedali; foliis 2-3-ternatis vel 1-2-ternatis et pinnato-5-7-foliolatis, superioribus decrescentibus 7 - 1-foliolatis, petiolo communi spathaceo sublineari, foliolis linearibus utrinque attenuatis integerrimis summisve fere filiformibus; involucro aut abortivo 1-3-bracteato, aut perfecto e bracteis 5-9 lineari- seu lanceolato-subulatis iis involucellorum similibus; pedicellis brevibus; fructu leviter obovato stylopodiis magnis conicis calycisque dentibus subulatis conspicuis coronato, jugis inconspicuis impressis. - California near the coast: San Jose, Brewer (832); Oakland, Bolander; Bolinas, Dr. Kellogg. [Also collected, I find, by Fremont, in 1846, only in flower, but with thick farinaceous roots, as in C. Gairdneri.] According to Dr. Kellogg the plant is known as "Wild Anise," and the fruit

yields a pleasant anisate odor. It is " very common," but being

"about the latest flowering plant on the Oakland hills," according to Bolander, has escaped observation. The fully mature fruit, which I have only from Bolander, is twice or thrice as large as in C. Gairdneri (2-2 lines long), tumid, the very large single vittæ filling the intervals, and so turgid that the jugæ are sunken, and the albumen under each sulcate. Calyx-teeth often half a line or more in length. Involucre and involucels when well developed conspicuous, rather membranaceous or scarious, and very much as in C. Bulbocastanum. The plant is, I presume, a congener of the preceding, which has been well reduced to a mere section of Carum by Bentham and Hooker, and is not to be widely separated from C. Bulbocastanum, notwithstanding the different root and the calyx-teeth, which in this species are especially conspicuous.

CICUTA CALIFORNICA: foliis inferioribus tantum bipinnatis, superioribus sæpe simpliciter pinnatis 5-7-foliolatis; foliolis ovato-lanceolatis, venis primariis tenuibus in dentes desinentibus; involucro vix ullo; fructus jugis contiguis subæqualibus vittas (in valleculis lateralibus nunc subgeminas!) in madido tegentibus; semine tereti. Apparently common on the Californian seaboard: Monterey, Hartweg (1754), Brewer (707); San Francisco, Dr. Kellogg. The specimens

are thinner-leaved than in C. maculata, and with the uppermost leaves and the 3-5 superior pinnæ of the lower and radical leaves of simple leaflets (or sometimes the lower 2-lobed), giving the plant the aspect of a Sium.* The involucels are mostly of broader bracts and the fruit of rather broader outline than in C. maculata; the ribs all very corky carpophore 2-parted: transverse section of the seed orbicular. C. maculata, besides the difference in the leaves, and especially in their venation, has the marginal juga, as seen in cross section, very much larger than the others, and the seed either flat or decidedly concave on the face.

PIMPINELLA APIODORA : glabra, bi-tripedalis; foliis ternato-decompositis, caulinis petiolo primario spathaceo, foliolis inciso-pinnatifidis trifidisve, segmentis oblongis vel subcuneatis incisis; involucellis e bracteis lineari-subulatis vel setaceis; floribus albis nunc roseo tinctis; fructu late ovato subdidymo, jugis prominulis. - Rocky hills along the coast of California from Mendocino Co., Bolander, to San Francisco, Bolander, Kellogg, &c. Apparently not rare, it is singular that it has remained so long unnoticed. The fleshy root, stems, and seeds are strongly imbued with the odor and flavor of Celery. The fully mature fruit is yet unknown; but the form of the fruit and seed, the numerous vittæ, the absence of calyx-teeth, and the conspicuous pulvinate stylopodia indicate the genus; which is new to this continent, excepting P. integerrima (Zizia integerrima, DC.), referred to it by Bentham and Hooker.

PODOSCIA DIUM, nov. gen. Scandicinearum.

Flores polygami, albi. Calycis dentes prominentes, tenues, scariosi vel petaloidei, subulati. Petala obovata, acumine inflexo vel involuto longo, ob costam superne impressam emarginata. Stylopodia brevia, conica. Fructus oblongus, a latere pl. m. compressus, ad commisuram haud constrictus, apice subcontractus, jugis filiformibus vel angustissimis, valleculis latis 1-2-vittatis. Semen facie late sulcatum, sulco linea centrali prominula percurso, sectione transversa reniformi. Car

*SIUM LINEARE, Michx. I must dissent from the statement in Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. p. 888, that in this "valleculis perperam 2-3-vittatis dictis"; both this and S. Carsonii being found on re-examination to accord with the characters assigned in my Manual, except that the vittæ are very seldom solitary, even in the dorsal intervals. I may add, as farther separating them from Apium, that both species have a manifest, but very attenuated, completely 2-parted carpophore. 44

VOL. VII.

pophorum bifidum. - Herbæ perennes, glaberrimæ, subsimplices; foliis pinnatim vel subternatim decompositis, segmentis linearibus angustis; umbellis longe pedunculatis pluri-radiatis, terminali fertili, lateralibus masculis, involucris et involucellis e bracteis plurimis subscariosis linearibus seu lanceolatis setaceo-acuminatis. A nearly allied plant, probably, is No. 6 of Hartweg's Mexican collection, doubtfully appended to Oreomyrrhis by Bentham; but it has a simple umbel and obtuse nearly plane petals.

PODOSCIADIUM CALIFORNICUM (Charophyllum? Californicum, Torr. Bot. Whipp. Exped. p. 37): caule 3-4-pedali; segmentis foliorum planis; umbellis 9 – 12-radiatis; calycis dentibus stylopodiis brevioribus; petalis acumine involuto obtuso; fructus jugis filiformibus obtusis; semine sub vittis in valleculis solitariis magnis pl. m. sulcato. Knight's Ferry, Stanislaus River, Dr. J. M. Bigelow.

PODOSCIADIUM BOLANDERI: caule 2-3-pedali superne longe nudo; foliis plerisque subradicalibus, segmentis angustissime linearibus fere filiformibus; umbellis multiradiatis; involucelli bracteis angustis tenuiter aristatis pedicellos subæquantibus; calycis dentibus petalis acumine attenuato inflexo subdimido triplove brevioribus; fructus jugis angustissimis elevatis; vittis in valleculis binis obscuris. — Mariposa Trail, Yosemite, Bolander. This cannot well be other than a close congener of the preceding: the only doubt comes from the pair of vittæ in the intervals, which, however, are rather obscurely marked in the thin pericarp, although the seed is well formed. Fruit much smaller than in P. Californicum, only a line and a half long; the ribs exceedingly narrow, but sharp and salient. Calyx-teeth ovatesubulate, as thin and delicate as the petals.

MYRRHIS GLYCOSMA. (Glycosma, Nutt.) Fructus juga lævia, haud alæ formia. Styli brevissimi. Involucellum nullum. Foliola pauciora, latiora, minus incisa.

M. OCCIDENTALIS (G. occidentale, Nutt.): subpuberula ; foliolis oblongis sublanceolatisve serratis raro incisis; pedicellis fructiferis flores sterilia subsuperantibus; jugis fructus acutis.

M. BOLANDERI: subpubescens; foliolis ovatis magis incisis; pedicellis fructiferis floribus sterilibus brevioribus; jugis obtusis. - At Lambert's Lake, Mendocino Co., Bolander. Leaflets more numerous than in Nuttall's species, and more like those of Osmorrhiza. Pedicels of the fruit only a line and a half long. Bentham and Hooker have characterized the genus Myrrhis upon M. odorata alone,

and then added the American species without modifying the general diagnosis.

LIGUSTICUM (CYNAPIUM, Nutt.) APIIFOLIUM.

Nuttall's two forms,

Hall and Harbour's No. 218 from the Rocky Mountains, and the Californian specimens (some of them with leafless stems) may comprise two or more species; but wholly mature fruit has been collected only by Nuttall. In this the seed is scarcely more concave on the face than in some genuine species of Ligusticum, to which genus Bentham and Hooker refer it.

LIGUSTICUM SCOPULORUM: L. (Conioselino) Fischeri affine; mericarpiis parum brevioribus ovali-oblongis; alis angustioribus crassioribus, intermediis et dorsali minus evolutis 1-2 sæpe obsoletis; vittis perspicuis majusculis in. valleculis omnibus 3 nunc in lateralibus 4; sectione seminum fere reniformi. Santa Antonita, New Mexico, Dr. J. M. Bigelow, with ripe fruit; the plant enumerated in the Botany of Whipple's Expedition, p. 38, as Conioselinum Canadense. Also in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado Territory, being doubtless Parry's No. 156, and Hall and Harbour's 216 (at least in part), published as C. Fischeri. Apparently the same collected at Fort Steilacombe, Washington Terr., by Dr. Suckley. Fruit in size and shape intermediate between that of Conioselinum Fischeri of the Old World, which Bentham and Hooker refer to Ligusticum, and C. Canadense which (having the vittæ usually solitary in the dorsal and in pairs in the lateral intervals, and the carpels more orbicular) they remand to Seliпит. Unless more definite distinctions can be found, it were better to unite Selinum with Ligusticum. (The Conioselinum from Ochotsk, in Rodgers's Expedition, mentioned by Bentham and Hooker, is probably the form or doubtful variety cited in the Flora Rossica and Flora Ochotensis under C. cenolophioides.)

LIGUSTICUM MONTANUM = Thaspium? montanum, Gray, Pl. Fendl., Pl. Wright, &c., (referred to Ligusticum by Bentham and Hooker, but by their characters should be a Selinum,) has mericarps in some specimens almost orbicular, including the broad marginal wings, in others oblong-oval; in both the strong vittæ are sometimes single, sometimes double. The foliage is very variable for one and the same species; but the form with long and slender divisions to the leaves shows fruit of both shapes.

ANGELICA LINEARILOBA: glabra; caule valido; petiolis prorsus spathaceo-dilatatis; foliolis longe linearibus acutatis (1-2-poll.) inte

gerrimis nunc 1-3-dentatis seu lobo divaricato instructis in rachin marginatum decurrentibus; involucro involucellisque subnullis ; floritus albis; fructus alis disco angusto oblongo paullo angustioribus; vittis semini adhærentibus, lateralibus geminis. - Ostrander's Meadows, Yosemite Valley, alt. 8,000 feet, Bolander. Stem 2 or 3 feet high. The nearly full-grown fruit, including the wing, is oval-oblong, about 4 lines long and 24 wide; mericarps flat. The stout root not sweet-scented.

ANGELICA BREWERI: glabra vel tenuiter puberula; petiolis spathaceo-dilatatis; foliis triternatis vel triquinatis; foliolis lato-lanceolatis argute dentatis (dentibus cuspidatis) reticulato-venulosis, lateralibus sessilibus basi inæquali hinc sæpe adnata; involucro involucellisque nullis; floribus albis; fructu puberulo oblongo, alis crassis angustis ; vittis in valleculis lateralibus quandoque geminis; semine facie concavo (sectione transversa lunata) dorso sub vittis sulcato. — Sierra Nevada, near Ebbett's Pass, and on the Big-tree road, alt. 6,000 feet, Prof. Brewer [and near Donner Lake, Prof. Torrey, with mature fruit]. Stem apparently tall and stout. Fruit 4 lines long, with wings less than half the width of the disk, cellular, and as thick as the edges of the much-flattened seed: the vittæ large, adherent on the one side to the groove of the seed into which it is received, on the other to the thin pericarp.

=

FERULA CALIFORNICA Leptotania? Californica, Nutt. The mature fruit of this, now collected by Bolander [also by Prof. Torrey], but already quite well described by Torrey, in Bot. Whippl. Expl., is traversed with numerous conspicuous, although slender, often anastomosing vittæ, and the winged margin is no thicker than in some species of Ferula, to which this plant appears clearly to belong. Its dilated leaflets are in the manner of Narthex.

FERULA (LEPTOTENIA, Nutt.) DISSECTA, with vittæ obsolete, as in several Old-World species of Ferula, has usually, and in some of Nuttall's own specimens, an obvious involucre of many bracts; the fruiting pedicels very short.

FERULA (LEPTOTENIA, Nutt.) MULTIFIDA, if, as is likely, the plant in Spalding's Clear Water collection, has no involucre and longer pedicels to the flowers and fruit: the latter I have not seen full grown. There are some indications of one or two more species.

PEUCEDANUM EURYPTERA (Euryptera lucida, Nutt.), the good figure of which in the Mexican Boundary Survey, t. 27, is not cited