My father's sister is my aunt. (Fifth indicative feature.) Her son and daughter are my cousins, each of them calling me cousin. With myself a male, the children of this male cousin are my sons and daughters, whilst the children of my female cousins are my nephews and nieces. On the contrary, with myself a female, the children of my male cousins are my nephews and nieces, whilst the children of my female cousins are my sons and daughters. The children of each of the latter are my grandchildren.

My mother's brother is my uncle. (Sixth indicative feature.) His son and daughter are my cousins, and their descendants follow in the same relationships respectively as in the last case.

My mother's sister is my mother. (Seventh indicative feature.) Her son and daughter are my brother and sister, elder or younger. (Eighth indicative feature.) The children and descendants of this collateral brother follow in the same relationships respectively as the descendants of my father's brother first above given.

Third Collateral Line.

This line is a counterpart in all respects of the first and second, with some additional relationships. My grandfather's brother is my grandfather. (Ninth indicative feature.) His son is my father; the son and daughter of this father are my brother and sister, elder or younger; the children of this collateral brother, myself a male, are my sons and daughters; of this collateral sister are my nephews and nieces, and their children are my grandchildren. With myself a female the same changes must be made as in the former cases.

My grandfather's sister is my grandmother; her daughter is my aunt; the children of this aunt are my cousins; and the children and descendants of the latter follow in the same relationships as before.

My grandmother's brother is my grandfather; his son is my uncle; the children of this uncle are my cousins; and the children and descendants of these cousins follow in the same relationships as before.

In like manner my grandmother's sister is my grandmother; her daughter is my mother; the children of this mother are my brothers and sisters, elder or younger; and the children and descendants of this collateral brother and sister follow in the same relationships as in previous cases.

The fourth and fifth collateral lines are counterparts of the first three, as will be found by consulting the subjoined Table.

In each of the foregoing the collateral lines are finally brought into and merged in the lineal line, which is a fundamental characteristic of the system. This also gives the tenth indicative feature. Certain relationships are here called "indicative," because they determine those which precede and follow them; and because they embrace so much which is radical and fundamental, that, when they are found present in different systems of relationship, the identity of these systems may be considered established.

The Seneca-Iroquois system of consanguinity and affinity, as given in the Table, now prevails, with modifications, in upwards of seventy Indian nations. Its radical characteristics are found in their several systems with such striking exactness as apparently to leave no doubt that it was derived into each stock-language with the blood from a common original source.

Another fact, not less significant, remains to be mentioned, namely, that the system of relationship of the people of South-India speaking the Dravidian language, and numbering upwards of twenty-eight millions, is identical, with the exception of two or three unimportant particulars, with the Seneca-Iroquois. The same system, greatly modified by Sanskritic influence, also prevails among the people of NorthIndia speaking the Gaura language, and numbering upwards of one hundred millions; and also, with further modifications, among the Chinese and Japanese.

For the purpose of comparison, and also for reference to the Asiatic form in the solution of the origin of the classificatory system, the Seneca-Iroqouis and the Tamil systems are placed side by side in the following Table.