don. 1844. Comparative anatomists and naturalists will find this volume indispensably necessary in their investigations. No museum of comparative anatomy should be without it. 7. A History of British Fossil Mammalia and Birds. By Richard Owen, F.R.S., F.G.S., &c. &c., Hunterian Professor and Conservator of the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, London. With numerous Illustrative Engravings. 8vo., No. 1. J. Von Voorst, London. 1844. The high name of Professor Owen is an ample guarantee for the character of this work. 8. Geology Introductory, Descriptive, and Practical. By David Thomas Ansted, M.A.F.R.S.,F.G.S.; Fellow of Jesus' College, Cambridge; Professor of Geology in King's College, London. 8vo., pp. 128, No. 1. John Van Voorst, London. We can venture no judgment on a work as yet but in embryo-one number only having appeared. 9. Prize Essay on the Nature and Objects of Medical Science, and the principles upon which its Study and Practice ought to be founded. By P. H. Williams, M.D., Edinburgh. 8vo., pp. 52. Churchill, London; and Maclachlan, Stewart, & Co., Edinburgh. 1844. 10. Bibliotheque Universelle de Geneve. Nos. 95 and 96. 11. The Encyclopædia of Chemistry, Theoretical and Practical. By James C. Booth, and Martin H. Boys. With numerous Engravings. Publishing in Octavo Parts, and printing in double columns. Philadelphia. Caryd and Hart. 1844. 12. An Address to the Members of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, delivered at the Anniversary Meeting held at Ford, September 20. 1843. By George Johnston, M.D., President. 8vo. Pp. 80. With plates. 13. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia. 14. Ueber den Glasigen Feldspath im Basalte des Hohenhagens Zwischen Göttingen and Münden. Von J. Fr. Hausmann. 15. Geologischen Bemerkungen ueber die Gegend von Baden bei Rastadt. Von Hofrath Hausmann. 16. Glossology; or the Additional Means of Diagnosis of Disease to be derived from Indications and Appearances of the Tongue. By Benjamin Ridge, M.D., M.R.C.S.L. 8vo. Pp. 84. With Plates. John Churchill, Prince's Street, Soho, London. 17. Annalen der Physik und Chemie. to Numbers 10 and 11. 1843. 18. Sur le Phenomene Erratique du mouvements recents du Sol Scandinave. à la Faculte des Sciences de Strasbourg. 1844. 1844. Von J. C. Poggendorff. Up Nord de l'Europe, et sur les Par M. A. Daubree, Professeur 8vo. With a map of Norway. 19. The American Journal of Science and Arts, by Professors SilliNo. 1. January 1844. man. 20. Catalogue of the Museum attached to the Class of Military Surgery in the University of Edinburgh. 8vo. 1844. 21. L'Institut, Journal Universel des Sciences et des Societés Savantes en France et à L'Etranger. Up to No. 530. 22 Fevrier 1844. 22. The Journal of Agriculture and the Transactions of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland. For March 1844. 23. On the Killas group of Cornwall and South Devon ;-its relations to the Subordinate formations of Central and North Devon and West Somerset-its natural Subdivisions;—and its true position to the Scale of British Strata. By the Rev. David Williams. N.B.-The sections required for the proper understanding of this Memoir did not accompany it—it was, consequently, in an unfit state for republication. List of Patents granted for Scotland from 18th December 1843 to 22d March 1844. 66 1. To HENRY AUSTIN, of 87 Hatton Garden, in the county of Middlesex, civil-engineer, a new method of gluing or cementing certain materials for building and other purposes."-26th December 1843. 2. TO FRANCIS L'ESTRANGE, of Dawson Street, in the city of Dublin, surgeon, "improvements in hernial trusses, to prevent the descent of hernia through the internal as well as the external ring."-26th Decem. ber 1843. 3. TO CHARLTON JAMES WOLLASTON, of Welling, in the county of Kent, gentleman, being a communication from abroad," improvements in machinery for cutting marble and stone."-26th December 1843. 66 4. TO GEORGE GWYNNE, of Regent Street, in the county of Middlesex, and GEORGE FERGUSSON WILSON, of Belmont, Vauxhall, in the county of Surrey, gentleman, " improvements in the manufacture of candles, and in apparatus for and processes of treating fatty and oily matters to obtain products for the manufacture of candles and other uses."-29th December 1843. 5. TO MARGARET HENRIETTA MARSHALL, of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster," a certain improved plastic composition, applicable to the fine arts and to useful and ornamental purposes."-5th January 1844. 7. TO JAMES CHAMPION, of Salford, in the county of Lancaster, and THOMAS MARSDEN of Salford, in the county of Lancaster, machine-makers, "improvements in drawing, winding, and spinning cotton and other fibrous substances."-9th January 1844. 66 8. TO JAMES OVEREND, of Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, gentleman, being a communication from abroad, improvements in printing fabrics with metallic matters, and in finishing silks and other fabrics."9th January 1844. 9. TO CHARLES TOWNSEND CHRISTIAN, of St Martin's Place, St Martin's Lane, in the county of Middlesex, East India Army Agent, being a communication from abroad," improvements in the construction of steam-engines."-12th January 1844. 10. TO WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66 Chancery Lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil-engineer, being a communication from abroad," improvements in machinery or apparatus for facilitating the tracing or copying of designs, drawings, and etchings of all kinds, either of the original size, or upon an enlarged or reduced scale.”—15th January 1844. 11. TO WILLIAM NICHOL, lithographer and printer in Edinburgh, " improvements in lithographic and other printing presses."—18th January 1844. 12. TO CHARLES TAYLEUR and JAMES FREDERICK DUPRE, of the Vulcan Foundry, Warrington, in the county of Lancaster, and HENRY DUBS, also of the Vulcan Foundry, engineer, "certain improvements in boilers."-18th January 1844. 13. To ALEXAnder Bain, of No. 320 Oxford Street, in the county of Middlesex, merchant, "certain improvements in producing and regulating electric currents, and improvements in electric time-pieces, and in electric printing and signal telegraphs."-19th January 1844. 14. TO WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66 Chancery Lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil engineer, being a communication from abroad," certain improvements in machinery for preparing and combing wool, hair, and other fibrous substances."-19th January 1844. 15. To THOMAS ASPINWALL, of Bishopgate Churchyard, in the city of London, esquire, being a communication from abroad," an improved cannon formed either of wrought iron or steel, or wrought iron and steel combined, and also instruments and machinery used in making, and a method of making said cannon."—25th January 1844. 16. TO THOMAS SOUTHALL, of Kidderminster, in the county of Worcester, druggist, and CHARLES CRUDGINGTON, of the same place, banker, improvements in the manufacture of iron and steel."-25th January 1844. 17. TO ALEXANDER SPEARS of Glasgow, merchant, being a communication from abroad, "certain improvements on, or appertaining to, glassbottles proper for wines and other liquids."—31st January 1844. 19. TO WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66 Chancery Lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil-engineer, being a communication from abroad, a new or improved system of machinery or apparatus for obtaining and applying motive power for propelling on railways or water, and for raising heavy bodies, applicable also to various other purposes where power is required."-5th February 1844. 19. TO PHILIP WALTHER, of Angel Court, Throgmorton Street, in the city of London, merchant, being a communication from abroad, “certain improvements in the construction of steam-engines."-5th February 1844. 20. TO JOHN KIBBLE, of Glasgow, in the kingdom of Scotland, gentleman, "improvements in transmitting power in working machinery where endless belts, chains, or straps, are, or may be used."-12th February 1844. 21. TO HUGH INGLIS, of Kilmarnock, in the county of Ayr, Scotland, mechanic, "improvements upon locomotive steam-engines, whereby a saving of fuel will be effected, which improvements are applicable to steam-vessels and other purposes, and to the increasing the adhesion of the wheels of railway engines, carriages, and tenders, upon the lines of rail, when the same are in a moist state."-13th February 1844. 22. To EZRA JENKS COATES, of Bread Street, Cheapside, in the city of London, merchant, being a communication from abroad," improvements in the forging of bolts, spikes and nails."-15th February 1844. 23. TO WILLIAM ROWAN, of the firm of John Rowan and Sons, of Doagh Foundry, in the county of Antrim, engineer, "certain improvements in axles."-26th February 1844. 24. TO GOTTLIEB BOCCIUS, of New Road, Shepherd's Bush, in the county of Middlesex, gentleman, "certain improved arrangements and apparatus for the production and diffusion of light."—5th March 1844. 25. TO THOMAS MURRAY GLADSTONE, of the Swan Garden Iron-works, Wolverhampton, in the county of Stafford, iron-master, "certain improvements in machinery for cutting or shearing iron or other metals." -5th March 1844. 26. TO GEORGE BENNETTS, of Gunnis Lake, in the county of Cornwall, civil-engineer, "certain improvements in steam-engines and boilers, and in generating steam.". -8th March 1844. 27. TO EDWARD EYRE, of Poole's Hotel, in the city of London, gentleman, being a communication from abroad," certain improvements in railways, and in the machinery or apparatus to be employed thereon.' 11th March 1841. 28. TO WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66 Chancery Lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil-engineer, being a communication from abroad," improvements in the preparation of caoutchouc or India-rubber, and in manufacturing various fabrics of which caoutchouc forms a component part."-12th March 1844. 29. TO JOSEPH CRAWHALL of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, rope manu.. facturer," improvements in machinery for manufacturing ropes and cordage."-20th March 1844. 66 30. TO RICHARD PROSSER, of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, civil-engineer, and JOB CUTLER, of Lady Pool Lane, near Birmingham aforesaid, gentleman, improvements in the machinery to be used in manufacturing pipes and bars, and in the application of such pipes and bars to various purposes."-21st March 1844. 31. TO ISABELLA LARBALESTIER, of Noble Street, Falcon Square, in the city of London, furrier," improvements in making certain skins resemble the sable fur."-22d March 1844. 66 32. TO HENRY BROWN, of Selkirk, in the county of Selkirk, manufacturer, improvements in carding silk, cotton, and other fibres.". 22d March 1844. 33. TO MOSES POOLE, of Lincoln's Inn, in the county of Middlesex, gentleman, being a communication from abroad," improvements in steam-engines, steam-boilers, and furnaces or fire-places."-22d March 1844. VOL. XXXVI. NO. LXXII.-APRIL 1844. 2 c INDEX. Adie, R, of Liverpool, account of experiments with thermo-hydro- Agassiz, Professor, latest report on his glacier researches, 144. Australia, fruits and flowers of, 388. Beaumont, Elie, report on M. Alcide d'Orbigny's memoir, entitled Birds, wingless, of New Zealand, 387. Connell, Professor, on the Tagua nut, 205. Crustacea, observations on their organs of generation, described by Davy, John, M.D., &c., on the temperature of the Frith of Forth, Earthquake-shocks, felt in Great Britain, and especially in Scotland, Ehrenberg on minute fossil organic bodies, 201. Electrical sounds in the Alps, 199. Ethnology, on its progress, by Dr Hodgkins, 118. Esquimaux, their physical characters, observations on, by Richard Firth of Forth, temperature of, by Dr John Davy, 1. Forbes, Professor Edward, on the light thrown on geology by sub- Forbes, Professor, James, on glaciers, in a letter to the Earl of Cath- Forests, their extent and situation, 236. Fyfe, Dr, on the comparative value of different kinds of candle or |