IN ITALY AND SPAIN. 3 579 copy of every book printed within the Duchy, but that the right is "not strictly complied with". By the law of Sicily, the University Library of Palermo is entitled to a copy of every work printed in that city; and by that of Naples, all the printers within the capital are bound to give four copies of each work, namely, two to the Borbonica, one to the Brancacciana, and one to the University Library. Within the Papal States, both law and practice appear to vary in the various cities. In Rome, the printers are enjoined to send five copies of every work to the "Master of the Sacred Palace," whose duty it is stated to be to keep one copy in his office; to deliver one to the Vicar-General; one to the Vatican Library; and another to the Library, either of the Roman Arch-Gymnasium or to that of the University of the Sapienza; and the fifth copy he is to return to the author. It is further stated that the present Pope gave, in 1846, to the University of Bologna the privilege of exacting one copy of all books printed, but that the gift has not been a productive one; and that he laid a similar injunction on the booksellers of Macerata, in behalf of the Communal Library of that City, also with very small result.1 By the law of Spain, the National Library at Madrid is entitled to a copy of every book published within the kingdom; whilst the Provincial Libraries have a similar right within the limits of the provinces to which 1 Returns, etc., ut supra, 373. 2 Returns of 1852, 26. 3 Returns of 1851, 35. + Ibid., 15-42. BOOK I. Chapter II. Copy-Tax. Exaction of copies by legal depositin Spain. BOOK I. Chapter II. Exaction of copies by legal deposit in Germany. 1 they respectivily belong. In Portugal two Libraries are entitled to copies of all books printed in that kingdom-namely, the Royal Library at Lisbon' and the Town Library of Oporto. The Library of the University of Coimbra is specially entitled to two copies of all works printed at the Printing Office of that University. Turning to Germany, we find a right of this kind, under some modification or other, almost universally recognized. The law of Bavaria enacts that two copies of all works published within the kingdom shall be delivered to the Royal and Central Library at Munich; and it endows the Library of each of the three Bavarian Universities with the right of receiving one copy of every book published within its respective division of the kingdom. In Hanover, the Royal Library in the capital, and the University Library of Göttingen, are each entitled to a copy of all works printed or published within the State. In the Hanse towns, the Town Libraries of Hamburgh and of Lubeck have a similar right; but not that of Bremen. In Hesse Cassel or Electoral Hesse, both the Provincial Library at Cassel and the University Library at Marburg, are entitled to of every work published within the Electorate; but the Library at Fulda appears to possess this pri a copy 3 5 Returns of 1852, 28. 2 Castilho Barreto y Noronha, Relatorio a' cerca da Biblioteca nacional de Lisboa, etc. (1844), i, 29. 3 Returns of 1850, 263. +Ibid., 268 and 284. 5 Ibid., 287. 6 Ibid., 288. IN GERMANY. 3 2 581 BOOK I. Chapter II. Germany. vilege only with respect to books the copyright of which is secured. By the laws of Hesse Darmstadt, in certain provinces, the publisher, and in others the printer, is bound to send a copy of every book to three several The Book-tax in Libraries:-1, the Ducal Library at Darmstadt; 2, the University Library at Giessen; 3, the Town Library at Mentz. In the Duchy of Nassau, one Library onlythat of Wiesbaden-enjoys this privilege. Under the Prussian code, the Royal Library at Berlin is the only Library which is entitled to a copy of every work published throughout the Kingdom. The University Library, however, of that city is entitled to a copy of every book published within the province of Brandenburgh; that of Breslau (since 1825) to a copy of every book published within the provinces of Silesia and Lusatia; and that of Halle to a copy of every book published within the Prussian province of Saxony; whilst the Royal and University Library of Königsberg possesses a similar right within Lithuania and Eastern Prussia; the Library of the University of Bonn, within Prussia proper; the Paulinian Library at Munster within Westphalia,-a right which was repealed by the law on the Press of the 17th March, but restored by that of June, 1849. A copy of all works published within the Duchy of Posen is to be sent to the Raczynski Library; and, finally, by the Censorship law of December 1824, the University Library of Greifswald is empow 1 Returns of 1850, 294. 2 Ibid., 299. 3 Ibid., 304-313. BOOK I. Chapter II. Exaction of copies by legal deposit in Switzerland; in Denmark; in Sweden and Norway. ered to claim a copy of all those which are published within the province of Pomerania. In Saxony, a practice obtains which is different from all the usages on this head which I have hitherto had to notice. One copy only, it appears, of every work published in that Kingdom is exacted, the printer or publisher of which is to deliver it at a government office, where the works thus received are divided, according to their subject and character, between the Royal Library at Dresden and the University Library at Leipsic. To the former are sent books of History and Politics, and the more costly and elaborate works on the Arts and Sciences; and to the latter, works on Theology, Philosophy, Jurisprudence and Medicine, and other books of a professional or educational kind.1 In Switzerland, no Library, it would seem, but the Public Library of Geneva now enjoys this privilege of exacting copies from the publishers. That of Berne possessed it until 1830. To that of Zurich, we are told, publishers are in the habit of gratuitously presenting their publications. In Geneva, the right extends to two copies of original works and to one of reprints." By the laws of Denmark, the Royal Library of Copenhagen, from the end of the seventeenth century, has also had a right to two copies of all books, newspapers, and all other printed papers published in Denmark, Iceand, or the Danish Colonies. By those of Sweden and Norway, one copy of every work published in Sweden must be delivered to each of the following Libraries 1 Returns of 1850, 346. 2 Ibid., 353-366. IN AMERICA. 583 viz; 1, To the Royal Library at Stockholm; 2, to the University Library at Lund; 3, to the University Library at Upsal. This enactment does not apply to works printed in Norway.1 In Russia, the Imperial Library of St. Petersburgh is entitled to two copies of every work published within the empire. 2 BOOK I. Chapter II. Exaction of copies by legal deposit in Russia; States of By an Act of the Congress of the United States of in the United America of the 31 May 1790, continued and extended by subsequent Acts, one copy of every work in which a copy-right is secured must be deposited in the State Department at Washington. The works thus deposited are stated to number at present about 10,000 volumes, besides maps and charts, music and prints, and their. average annual rate of increase, during the ten years preceding 1851, to be about 400 volumes. By the law in Brasil, etc.; 3 of Brazil, the National Library at Rio de Janeiro is en titled to one copy of every work printed within the municipality of that capital; and by that of Peru, every printer within the State is enjoined to deliver two copies of every work and paper printed by him to the National Library at Lima. Kingdom. In England, as early as the year 1609, an agreement in the United was entered into by the Company of Stationers, with Sir Thomas Bodley, in virtue of which "one copy of 1 Returns of 1851, 46. 2 Returns of 1850, 338. * Jewett, Notices of Public Libraries in the United States of America (1851), 140. 4 Returns of 1852, 7. 5 Returns of 1851, 35. |