nine. Uptown the millionaire and his butler voted in the same booth, and possibly with successively numbered ballots for opposing candidates. Down on the East Side, where the population is more dense than any other place in the world, the Russian, the Pole, the Italian, Hungarian, Bohemian, and occasionally a Turk, Armenian, or Greek, may be seen struggling with the mysteries and difficulties of the blanket ballot.

The Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge continues his "Story of the Revolution," and tells in this number of the "Second Congress and the Siege of Boston."

Another historical contribution appears in Captain Mahan's recital of "The Naval Campaign of 1776 on Lake Champlain," a chapter writen by Captain Mahan for "The History of the Royal Navy of Great Britain," to be published in England and America.

Ernest Seton Thompson makes a feature somewhat out of the ordinary in his nature study of "Silverspot," a story of a crow, illustrated in Mr. Thompson's own excellent drawings, and his exact notes of the crow's musical attainments.

THE

THE COSMOPOLITAN.

HE February Cosmopolitan contains the conclusion of "A Brief History of Our Late War with Spain" " and an essay by President E. Benjamin Andrews on "The Selection of One's Life-Work," both of which we have quoted from among the "Leading Articles of the Month."

Col. George E. Waring, in the series "Great Business Operations," tells of the utilization of city garbage, which he has studied and developed during his occupancy of the position of Street Cleaning Commissioner of New York. He does not believe in the crematory theory of the disposal of garbage, but argues for the system which he has inaugurated at Barren Island, by which a great amount of ammonia and glue could be recovered, as well as the more important recovery of the grease contained in the garbage and the conversion of the residuum into a fertilizer. The works on Barren Island for the reduction of New York's garbage are the largest in the world and are making a fair profit. Colonel Waring has been experimenting with the recovery of valuable materials from the ashes of the metropolis also, and has come to the conclusion that by a mechanical process the unburned coal and fine ashes can be separated, leaving unburned coal at the disposal of the city of New York to the value of $325,000 a year. He thinks this would be an entirely feasible scheme, too, for cities of very much smaller size. Even for a city of 50,000 inhabitants there would be an income of $8,000 a year.

A brief but very beautifully illustrated and interesting article is contributed by Frederick S. Lyman, telling "How the Banana is Grown." Mr. Lyman describes the growth of the fruit in Costa Rica particularly. The planter there gets about 30 cents for one of the huge bunches that retail in New York for about $10. On the other hand, the planter runs but very little risk; his crop is as regular as clock-work, and the trees are exceedingly prolific. The shipper, however, has serious risks in the decay of the fruit on the voyage and in the stormy passages. Some of the bunches grow to an enormous size, weighing frequently 80 pounds. The trees rise to a height of 10 or 15 feet, and the leaves are not infrequently 10 feet long and 2 feet wide. The stem bearing the bunches of fruit is cut down, or dies natu

rally after the fruit is matured. Two or three bunches grow on a single stem. Within a few weeks after cutting or dying another stem starts up to bear more clusters, and so on.

In a department Mr. Zangwill has a good deal of fun with Sarah Grand and the "Beth Book." "Sarah Grand no doubt cherishes high ideals-in common with all the better spirits of her time-but a novelist is not made out of copy-book maxims, even when they are those of the selectest academy for young ladies. Not that she desires to be a novelist so much as to do good; writing books is her way of keeping school, and it is man whom she itches most to castigate.

MCCLURE'S.

HE February McClure's contains an article by Dr. Nansen on "Future North Polar Exploration," from which we have quoted in another department. Mr. Hamlin Garland reviews Henry George's last book, "The Science of Political Economy." Mr. Garland is of course in immediate and deep sympathy with George, and he predicts that "The Science of Political Economy" will be no less captivating in its clearness, eloquence, and lofty spirit than was Progress and Poverty." He tells us that the book is less of a fragment than has been supposed, and that, taken in connection with "Progress and Poverty," the omissions will scarcely be observable to the reader.

66

There is an interesting bit of personal history in the selections from the manuscript diary of George Washington's private secretary, published under the title, "The Last Days of George Washington." His private secretary was Col. Tobias Lear. The entries bring us somewhat closer to the Father of our Country than anything else we have seen published. Everything is put down, even to the details of measuring the body of the dead general for the coffin, and in this rather ghastly bit of detail one notices that Washington was six feet three and a half inches tall.

Stephen Crane has a short story which is slight in many ways, and yet we are inclined to believe the best short story he has ever written, under the characteristic title, "The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky." In the hackneyed word "strong," which is nowadays applied to the short stories one likes, there is a meaning, or was originally, and the tremendous suggestion which Mr. Crane gives with most artistic indirection in this little tale certainly deserves that adjective.

IN

THE LADIES' HOME JOURNAL.

N the February Ladies' Home Journal Inez Merrill tells of "A Private Audience with the Pope." After describing the various ceremonials which accompanied this audience and the not very noteworthy conversation of his holiness and his American visitors, she says:

"He looks very old, very feeble, with that pallor peculiar to age; his eyes are black and shining, but withal kindly; his thin, white hair and noble brow would incline one to a feeling of reverence even if he were not Pope Leo XIII. He is of medium height, and his shoulders are a little rounded, as might be in one who looks down from such an elevation as his. His smile that very-much-talked-of smile-is benign.

"He wore a bright red cloth robe of the most beautiful texture. This was closely buttoned to his feet.

Over this was a pure white garment made of some soft material, and it is in this that most of his photographs are taken.

"On his head he wore the small skull-cap called the zucchetta. It, too, is pure white. There is a tassel hanging down to one side. The thought that popes for centuries had been wearing garments precisely similar to these lent an added interest to this quiet person, moving unobtrusively around among his guests.

"On his hands he wore mitts. They are like those that old ladies used to wear, except that they are made of white wool. He needed to be warmly dressed in that room."

The editor of the Ladies' Home Journal tells us that "one of the greatest physicians in England" has condemned the small matters of personal habit which go toward the consummation of what is known as good form. "Beginning with recommending talking as one of the greatest modes of exercise possible to the human body, he goes right on and strongly advocates crying, sighing, yawning, shouting, and singing as absolutely essential to the best health. Talking, says this eminent authority, is stimulating to the body and rouses every one of our senses from lethargy. So excellent is talking that a good talker needs not half the bodily exercise as does a quiet person, statistics showing that in England law. yers and orators feel that they can dispense largely with exercise as ordinarily understood. It is, too, says this Dr. Campbell, distinctly conducive to long life, and one of the best of all exercises in cases of heart disease. From shouting, too, the very best results are obtained: the development of the lungs and increased circulation of the blood. Especially does this eminent doctor recommend shouting as healthful for children. Singing, likewise, is commended, and most strongly, for its healthful influence on the emotions, on the respiratory movements, as a developer of the lungs, and especially useful in defective chest development and in chronic heart disease. Of laughter this man of health can scarcely say too much in commendation. Every part of the body feels the stimulating effect of a hearty laugh."

In this number Mrs. Burton Harrison tells of the scenes and manners in the time of the first inaugural féle in her article, "With Washington in the Minuet," there are some more "Inner Experiences of a Cabinet Member's Wife," and a number of very pretty pictures of The Flower Fêtes of California."

MUNSEY'S.

N the February Munsey's there is a brief prophecy of the "Political Future of the Great West" by Senator John M. Thurston, of Nebraska. The idea of a "combination" of the West and South against the East is an impossible one, argues Senator Thurston, "unless it is a union on the lines of a depreciated currency and in favor of dollars in which debtors may compel their creditors to accept payment at half price." Such a scheme would be defeated, in Senator Thurston's opinion, by the foreign-born voters. The tide of silver enthusiasm "will never rise again as high as it did in 1896. Two good crops in the West, sold at greatly increased prices, will go far to put our farmers out of debt. Many of them will be creditors rather than debtors; and to all it is becoming more and more apparent that prosperity must come from national union for the national welfare, and that sectionalism means disaster to every class and to every interest in the land."

Senator Hernando de Soto Money, writing on the Nicaragua Canal problem, thinks that even if the operation of the canal may be a loss, "the advantage to American commerce may be so great and our wealth so increased that the expense may be amply compensated.

"The grain, lumber, fruit, wine, and ore production of the Pacific coast would be stimulated and greatly enlarged. The manufacturers of the East would find a cheaper route to their consumers and could expect larger orders. The lumber and iron trade of the South would find new markets, and New Orleans be put into a position to compete successfully for a business she has not heretofore enjoyed. Among other benefits would be a lowering of through rates on transcontinental railroads, and the pools which now control those charges would be broken."

ber," the region situated far down on the west coast of Florida, near the broad mouth of the beautiful Caloosahatchee. There are some curious monuments of an extinct people on this coast, people whose origin is utterly unknown, and the modern truck-grower irreverently seizes on these mounds, which are rich with plant-food and gray with shells, and make them grow potatoes, and spinach, and squash, and cucumbers. It is the best garden land in the world, its value being quadrupled by a climate which knows neither killing frost nor withering heat, and where a day in December is exactly like a day in June. These fortunate farmers plant in September, and in December, January, and February are shipping early vegetables to the markets of Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. Even in the present poor state of transportation, which makes it necessary for the farmers to send their truck to Key West and change it to the steamers it is said that they earn from five hundred to fifteen hundred dollars an acre net.

Mr. Samuel M. Warns gives a pleasant little essay on "Odors," and attempts to trace the suggestion of the mellow fragrances that are so full of fillips to our memories.

Theodore F. Wolfe begins a series, "Some Literary Shrines of Manhattan," and describes this month the Latin Quarter of New York, which lies in and about Washington Square, according to Mr. Wolfe.

The dashing Capt. Charles King contributes the novel of the month, "A Trooper Galahad."

IN

THE CHAUTAUQUAN.

N the February Chautauquan Prof. John W. Perrin gives the status of the Social Democratic party in Germany, which had in the election of 1876, 47 Deputies in the Reichstag and a popular vote of 2,250,000. Professor Perrin takes the situation very seriously:

"The fact that the party's representation in the Reichstag does not correspond proportionately with its popular vote prevents its being a very important factor in the enactment of legislation, except as it may by combination with other parties block proceedings. Even though it is unable to put its pernicious programme into the laws of the land, it must be regarded as a constant danger to social order. While its two leaders, Liebknecht and Bebel, are of lower intellectual rank than Lassalle and Marx, they are both able. Both

are skilled in debate and the art of party management. The party is without doubt not only the largest, but the most thoroughly organized and efficiently led revolutionary body the world has ever seen. It is a constant menace, not only to Germany, but to the entire world. Its programme of democratic communism and the radical utterances of its leaders give ample justification to the remark of the second chancellor of the empire that 'It is the greatest danger which threatens the close of the nineteenth century and the opening of the twentieth.'"

The Chautauquan translates an article from the Italian Nuova Antologia on "Telegraphy Without Wires," written by Ernesto Macini. There is no probability, he says, of an immediate revolution in modern telegraphy from the discoveries of Marconi, which have recently been talked about so much. "The present system still has a long life before it. But it may receive from the wireless method a great and useful aid, while it is not improbable that also in the field of science the new experiments may lead to a more complete study of the nature of Hertz' waves. It is certain, too, that in communications between one ship and another, or between ships and the land, Marconi's system must be of excellent service; the more so that the state of the atmosphere does not show any influence on the transmission of signals. The future will tell us to what limits of distance these signals may reach."

THE BOOKMAN.

HE February Bookman contains an article on by we quote from in another department. M. Austin Dobson has never been interviewed until a few weeks ago, but a correspondent of the Bookman recently broke this record. Mr. Dobson was forty-eight years old on January 18.

"For the last thirty-one years he has spent his days at the board of trade, and for nearly thirty of them has devoted his evenings to literary work. On returning from Whitehall, his usual habit after dinner is to read or listen to music until about 10 o'clock, when he retires to his study and works until midnight. A government office is not precisely a bed of roses, and he regards his literary work as recreation. One would imagine, from Mr. Dobson's poetry, that such prosaic work as that of the board of trade would be altogether foreign to his taste, and on inquiring whether he had never been tempted to relinquish his position there and devote himself entirely to literature he responded: 'No; the one occupation balances the other in a very satisfactory and agreeable manner. Business habits are usefuleven to a literary man.""

The Bookman has an article by Coulson Kernahan on Mr. Theodore Watts-Dunton, the leading critic and chief attraction of the Athenæum.

He was

"Mr. Watts-Dunton was the intim. te friend of Tennyson, Browning, William Morris, 'eredith, and the house-mate of Rossetti and Swinbu ..e. born in 1836 and received his education from private tutors at Cambridge. He was literary and artistic critic on the Examiner, under the editorship of Professor Minto, before his association with the Athenæum. He is the author of Aylwin: A Poetic Romance,' and has contributed a number of thoughtful essays-especially interesting being the last one on poetry-to the 'Encyclopædia Britannica,' which many of his friends

would like to see collected in a volume of criticisms. Mr. Coulson Kernahan, who contributes an article to the present number on Mr. Watts-Dunton and his poems, is perhaps the only one of the younger generation who knows him intimately, and this intimacy makes his article all the more interesting because of its special knowledge and insight. Mr. Watts-Dunton is something of a recluse and has never sought fame. He is a stanch friend, and has been a kind helper to many struggling young men of letters. He and Swinburne live together at The Pines,' Putney, a suburb of London. Mr. Watts-Dunton is the shyest of men, and has never allowed his portrait to appear in public until

now."

The Athenæum critic is just publishing a "long-expected" volume of poems, an event doubtless awaited with breathless anticipation by many "minors" who have been dished up in the Athenæum.

TH

THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY.

HE February Atlantic opens with an article entitled "The Capture of Government by Commercialism," by John Jay Chapman. Mr. Chapman means by his title the state of affairs which, for instance, comes to a small town when a railroad is to be run through it, when the railroad employs a local attorney, the best one in the place, of course, who finds it considerably easier to bribe the proper officials of the town than to rely solely on popular demand. This causes a steady degradation in public life, a steady failure of character, and a steady decline of decency. "Only quite recently has the control of money become complete, and there are reasons for believing that the climax is past." This is the reason and the point of Mr. Chapman's article: to show that bribery and the boss have come to their full heritage and must now probably decline. The chief reason for this is that the great commercial ventures which needed the boss and bribery have arrived, so to speak, and the privileges for which they must pay by bribing are no longer necessary. Business is growing more settled, and what Mr. Chapman calls "sacking of the country's natural resources goes on at a slower pace. It might have been necessary, from the economic point of view, for the New York Central Railroad to own the State Legislature during its early years of construction and consolidation, but the necessity no longer exists. Nor will public opinion stand the abuses. In many places the old system is still being continued out of habit, and at a loss. Corporations can get what they want more cheaply by legal methods, and they are discovering this. "Moreover, time fights for reform. The old voters die off, and the young men care little about party shibboleths. Hence these nonpartisan movements."

Mr. John Stephens Durham complains in his article, "The Labor Unions and the Negro," of the restraint that is still exercised over our negro population in any attempts it may make to rise and broaden out in its usefulness, and especially in the lack of recognition which the trade unions give to colored workmen. This writer instances a number of occasions which show that the labor unions utterly and persistently refuse to admit negroes to their organizations, and it is a problem worthy of serious thought that about one-tenth of the population are denied the opportunity to grow, as the other nine-tenths are invited, encouraged, forced by open competition to grow. This abridgement of oppor

tunity affects the character of the whole class. The public conscience in regarding the matter becomes benumbed.

Mr. Russell Sturgis, the eminent architect, writes on "The True Education of an Architect." The net essentials of a young architect's education as an architect, he says, are sound and ready knowledge of building, dexterous readiness and some approach to excellence as a freehand draughtsman, and some skill as a modeler. All else is a part of his higher education and training as a man rather than as an architect.

THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW.

N our department of "Leading Articles" we have

I by Charles Denby, dr,

on

"America's Opportunity in Asia" and from Mr. Mulhall's statistical summary of Germany's industrial progress.

Professor Lombroso's second paper on the increase of homicide in America offers some encouragement to those who believe that the evil is abating. Among contributory causes, the tendency of the rural population to crowd into the cities will, in his opinion, be counteracted by various reforms calculated to make life in the small towns and farming communities more attractive. He thinks, too, that influences are at work for the diminution of intemperance among us, and that the general outlook is favorable.

Writing on "The Passing of the People's Party," exSenator Peffer says:

Two things may be taken as facts: First, that as long as Mr. Bryan is in the field as the Democratic candidate for the Presidency, fusion Populists will cooperate with the Democracy. Second, that the antifusion, or middle-of-the-road, Populists will not again ally themselves either individually or as a body with the Democratic party, no matter who is its candidate." Mr. Peffer proceeds to show that no final merging of the elements that make up the Populist party can take place except in a new body including Democrats of the Altgeld stripe and silver Republicans.

Prof. Fabian Franklin's chief contention in his paper on "The Intellectual Powers of Woman" is that "the facts of history are not only not conclusive, but cannot properly be regarded as establishing even a presumption concerning the limitations of the intellectual powers of woman." "Whether or not any woman can be as great as the greatest men, it is quite certain that some women can be as great as very great men; for some women have been."

Mr. Worthington C. Ford finds the commercial superiority of the United States to lie not only in agriculture, but in the fact that in manufactures our highpriced labor is able to produce a lower-priced article of equal or better quality than can be obtained elsewhere. The Hon. Horace Plunkett gives an interesting account of the important economic movement in Ireland which made possible the agricultural report so generally discussed in Great Britain last year. The Irish Agricultural Organization Society, of which Mr. Plunkett is president, has 170 branches scattered over 31 of the 32 counties, with an aggregate membership of about 17.000. This society has some of the features of the Patrons of Husbandry in this country.

Gen. A. W. Greely writes on "The Speaker and the Committees of the House of Representatives," Max

O'Rell gives an interesting description of what he terms "A Paradise of Good Government"-the Island of Jersey-Mr. J. Thomas Scharf exposes "The Farce of the Chinese Exclusion Laws," and Lieut. R. C. Smith, U.S.N., explains "Conditions Governing Torpedo-Boat Design." In the department of "Notes and Comments" Mr. Eben Brewer advocates the bill now before Congress for a civil-service retirement fund.

IN

THE FORUM.

N another department we have quoted from Mr. Elihu Thomson's account of "Electrical Advance in the Past Ten Years," and from Mr. Clarence Cary's article on Chinese railroad concessions, both of which appear in the January Forum.

General Miles contributes the opening article of the number, on the subject of American coast defense. General Miles does not believe that the nations of the earth have decided to give up war and adopt arbitration as a method of settling differences, nor is he unmindful of the danger that war may come on short notice. He advocates a thoroughly modern system of fortifications for the great seaports.

Senator Vest declares that the failure of the Wolcott Commission, so far from killing the cause of bimetallism, "has immeasurably strengthened it in the United States," and that the lines are sharply drawn for the next contest between bimetallism and gold monometallism.

Mr. Jacob Schoenhof has no difficulty in producing abundant evidence to show that the products of wellpaid American labor can compete successfully in the world's markets with the products of underpaid foreign labor.

Mr. Simon Sterne, reviewing "The Reconquest of New York by Tammany," finds several reasons for the defeat of Mr. Low in the increased tax-rate and other unpopular features of the last administration. Mr. Sterne seems to have scant knowledge or appreciation of the work that had to be done to put the schools of the city on a respectable basis, or of the magnitude of the reforms undertaken in other departments, a hint of which was given in the article by Dr. Tolman in the January number of this REVIEW.

Mr. Henry Watterson writes with accustomed vigor on "The Political Outlook," hazarding the prediction of a quadrilated contest for the Presidency in 1900, similar to the Greater New York election in 1897.

Mr. Hugh McGregor has an article on the trade union, entitled "The Incorporation of the Working Class," in which he traces the history of the labor movement from the earliest times. He states that the sum spent in strikes is not more than 10 per cent. of the total expenditure of the unions, the care of their sick costs the unions half as much again as do strikes, and the support of unemployed members considerably more than twice as much.

Mr. Harwd Huntington raises the question whether it is worth an inventor's while to take out a patent, and considering the many difficulties, delays, and items of expense involved, one is tempted to reply that it is not. At any rate, Mr. Huntington mentions two successful inventions of the day which seem to find better protection in secrecy than in a government patent.

Mr. Henry S. Townsend, inspector-general of Hawaiian schools, writes on "Education in Hawaii ;" Mr. J. Gennadias continues his account of American exca

vations in Greece, treating in this installment of Sparta and Corinth, and Prof. Brander Matthews discusses "The Relation of the Drama to Literature."

REVIEWS OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE.

ΤΗ

HE December and January issues of six of the leading American journals of sociology, economics, and politics afford an opportunity to take a brief survey of this interesting type of literature. The quarterlies and bi-monthlies are growing more numerous in this field year by year. The two oldest were established in 1886, and prior to that time there were no scientific periodicals devoted exclusively to these special subjects.

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY.

One of the youngest of these periodicals is the American Journal of Sociology (bi-monthly, January), published at the University of Chicago and now in its third volume. The editors of the Journal have adopted the expedient (new for this kind of publication) of illustrating certain articles from photographs. In this number the illustrated article is the second installment of Prof. John R. Commons' study of the Junior Republic. The pictures are not remarkable for artistic merit, but they contribute to the interest of the text, which is probably the most complete account of the working of Mr. George's experiment yet published.

Mrs. Florence Kelley writes in this number on the Illinois Child Labor Law; Prof. Lester F. Ward contributes a paper on "Utilitarian Economics," and there is a valuable bibliography of the scientific study of philanthropy by Miss Isabel E. Lord, with an introduction by Mrs. Salome Cutler Fairchild.

THE JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.

Another publication of the University of Chicago is the Journal of Political Economy (quarterly, December), just entering on its sixth volume. In this number Mr. Edward S. Meade writes on "The Production of Gold Since 1850," and Mr. W. P. Sterns discusses "The International Indebtedness of the United States in 1789." There is also an elaborate paper by Georges Vacher de Lapouge on "Fundamental Laws of Anthropo-Sociology," and several important topics are treated in editorial notes and book reviews.

THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS. From Harvard University comes the Quarterly Journal of Economics (January), with articles on "Canada and the Silver Question," "Monetary Changes in Japan," "The Coal Miners' Strike of 1897," and "The Lease of the Philadelphia Gas Works"-all very concrete and practical topics, and a philosophical study of "Cournot and Mathematical Economics" by Prof. Irving Fisher, of Yale University. It is significant of the present tendencies in university economics that only one of the five contributed articles in this number of Harvard's exponent of the science is devoted to theory, while the other four discuss important phases of current economic history.

POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY.

The last remark applies quite as aptly to the Political Science Quarterly (December) of Columbia University, in which Mr. A. D. Noyes, of the New York Evening Post, concludes an able review of "The National Finances, 1893-97;" Prof. J. B. Clark outlines "The

Scholar's Political Opportunity;" Mr. J. C. Harrison writes on "The Silver Situation in India;" Mr. W. A. King discusses "The Decrease in the Proportion of Children;" Mr. C. F. Randolph analyzes "Federal Trust Legislation;" and Mr. Edward Porritt describes the relations between government and press in England. These articles are followed by signed book reviews and by Prof. William A. Dunning's excellent half-yearly 66 Record of Political Events."

ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY.

The bi-monthly publication of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (Philadelphia, January) contains several important papers, of which that on "The Study of the Negro Problems," by Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois, is perhaps the most noteworthy. The writer is himself a negro who has for some years pursued historical and statistical inquiries relative to his race.

There are also articles in this number on "The Relation of Postal Savings Banks to Commercial Banks," "The Economic Effects of Ship Canals," and "Administrative Centralization and Decentralization in France." MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS.

Youngest of all the journals of this class, the New York Reform Club's periodical known as Municipal Affairs (quarterly, December) has just completed its first volume. This publication is devoted exclusively to the social, political, and economic interests connected with city life. In this number the municipalization of electric lighting is discussed by Mr. R. R. Bowker and Prof. John R. Commons; Prof. F. J. Goodnow writes on "The Relations of the City and the State;" Col. Geo. E. Waring, Jr., on "Greater New York a Century Hence;" and G. A. Weber on "Improved Tenement Homes for American Cities." The Philadelphia gas question is treated by Dr. F. W. Speirs and Col. John I. Rogers. Mr. J. Richard Freud describes the "Civic Service of the Merchants' Association of San Francisco," and there is a paper on "Municipal Art" by Frederick S. Lamb.

A valuable bibliography of municipal administration and city conditions is published in each number.

IN

THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW. IN our department of "Leading Articles" we have quoted from Professor Channing's tribute to the late Justin Winsor in the January number of the American Historical Review.

Prof. Charles H. Haskins contributes an extremely interesting study of "The Life of Medieval Students as Illustrated by Their Letters," from which it would appear that the student's request for money was often the burden of his song-surely not a marked variation from modern usage.

This number of the Review contains the second and final installment of the posthumous chapter, recently discovered, of the late Professor Tuttle's "History of Prussia," which deals with "The Prussian Campaign of 1758."

Prof. Herbert L. Osgood concludes his series of articles on "The Proprietary Province as a Form of Colonial Government:" Prof. Max Farrand writes on "The Taxation of Tea, 1767-1773," and Arthur M. Mowry contributes a sketch of the Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island, in which Tammany Hall and the New York Evening Post figure as cordial and enthusiastic allies of the Dorrites. In its department of " "Documents"