signers, M. Eugène Thiebaut, First Secretary of the French Embassy; John B. Moore, Assistant Secretary of State; A. A. Adee, Second Assistant Secretary of State; and Thomas W. Cridler, Third Assistant Secretary of State.

The protocol provisions were:

"1. That Spain will relinquish all claim of sovereignty over and title to Cuba.

"2. That Porto Rico and the other Spanish islands in the West Indies and an island in the Ladrones, to be selected by the United States, shall be ceded to the latter.

"3. That the United States will occupy and hold the city, bay, and harbor of Manila pending the conclusion of a treaty of peace, which shall determine the control, disposition, and government of the Philippines.

"4. That Cuba, Porto Rico, and the other Spanish islands in the West Indies shall be immediately evacuated, and that Commissioners appointed within ten days shall within thirty days from the signing of the protocol meet at Havana and San Juan respectively to arrange and execute the details of the evacuation.

"5. That the United States and Spain will each appoint not more than five Commissioners to negotiate and conclude a treaty of peace. The Commis

sioners are to meet at Paris not later than the 1st of October, 1898.

"6. On the signing of the protocol, hostilities will be suspended, and notice to that effect will be given as soon as possible by each government to the commanders of its military and naval forces."

Immediately upon the signing of the protocol, President McKinley issued a proclamation ordering a suspension of hostilities on the part of the United States.

Commissioners to arrange for the evacuation of Cuba and Porto Rico were speedily apEvacuation pointed, as provided in the protocol, Commissions and October I found the Spanish troops being withdrawn from both the islands.

To represent her in the evacuation of Porto Rico, Spain appointed Major-General Ortega y Diaz, Commodore of first rank; Vallarino y Carrasco; and Judge Advocate Sanchez del Aguila y Leon. The United States representatives in Porto Rico were Major-General W. R. Brooke, who had been left in command of the United States forces there when MajorGeneral Miles returned to the United States; Rear-Admiral Winfield Scott Schley; and General W. W. Gordon.

As Evacuation Commissioners in Cuba,

Spain named Major-General Gonzales Parrado, second in command of the Spanish troops in the island; Marquis Montoro; and RearAdmiral Pastor y Landero. The latter was unable to serve on account of ill health, and his place was filled by Rear-Admiral Manterola. The United States Evacuation Commissioners for Cuba were Major-General John C. Wade, Major-General M. C. Butler, and RearAdmiral Sampson.

The selection of five commissioners to draw up a treaty of peace occasioned no little trouble The Peace in Madrid, for most of the men proCommission minent in Spain's public life refused to endanger their political future by accepting places on a commission which, at the best, could not expect to make terms at all pleasing to Spain. The Spanish Peace Commission, as finally completed, included only one man of international reputation, Señor Montero y Rios, President of the Senate, who was made chairman of the commission. The other Spanish Commissioners were General Cerero and Señors Abarzuza, Villa-Urrutia, and de Garnica.

of

In the commission which drew up a treaty peace, the representatives of the United

States were Judge William R. Day, of Ohio, who resigned as Secretary of State to head the commission; Senator George Gray, of Delaware; Senator W. P. Frye, of Maine; Senator Cushman K. Davis, of Minnesota; and Mr. Whitelaw Reid, of New York.

CHAPTER XLIX

OUTCOME OF THE WAR

THE war with Spain lasted not quite four months, yet the amount spent by the United States in that time was more than $140,000,000. Up to August 31, the United States in an army of 265,000 men had lost only 2,624 by deaths from all causes, a little less than one per cent.

In Cuba the Americans had killed twentythree officers and 237 men; in Porto Rico no Americans' officers and three men. In Cuba Total Losses the Americans had wounded 99 officers and 1,332 men; in Porto Rico four officers and thirty-six men, and in the Philippines ten officers and eighty-eight men. In addition to these, nine officers and eighty-two men died from wounds, thirty men were killed in accidents, and seventy-five officers and 2,150 men died from fevers and other diseases.

Two fleets of Spanish war-ships had been entirely destroyed, many smaller gunboats and auxiliary vessels had been sunk or captured, many merchant vessels taken as prizes, yet the American navy had not lost a single ship