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and transportation, as such court may adjudge to be proper, not exceeding one dollar for each day necessarily employed in such voyage, and in arriving at the place of examination or trial. In fixing such compensation, the court shall take into consideration the condition of said seaman or witness, and whether his voyage has been broken up, to his injury, by his being sent to the United States. When such seaman or person is transported in an armed vessel of the United States no charge for subsistence or transportation shall be allowed. When he is transported in any other vessel, the compensation for his transportation and subsistence, not exceeding in any case fifty cents a day, may be fixed by the court, and shall be paid to the captain of said vessel accordingly.

117. Manning of merchant vessels.

Mar. 4, 1915.
Sec. 2.

ginning Nov. 4.

1915.)

In all merchant vessels of the United States of more than one hundred tons gross, excepting those navigating (Effective be. rivers, harbors, bays, or sounds exclusively, the sailors shall, while at sea, be divided into at least two, and the firemen, oilers, and water tenders into at least three watches, which shall be kept on duty successively for the performance of ordinary work incident to the sailing and management of the vessel. The seamen shall not be shipped to work alternately in the fireroom and on deck, nor shall those shipped for deck duty be required to work in the fireroom, or vice versa; but these provisions shall not limit either the authority of the master or other officer or the obedience of the seamen when, in the judgment of the master or other officer, the whole or any part of the crew are needed for the maneuvering of the vessel or the performance of work necessary for the safety of the vessel or her cargo, or for the saving of life aboard other vessels in jeopardy, or when in port or at sea from requiring the whole or any part of the crew to participate in the performance of fire, lifeboat, and other drills. While such vessel is in a safe harbor no seaman shall be required to do any unnecessary work on Sundays or the following-named days: New Year's Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day, but this shall not prevent the dispatch of a vessel on regular schedule or when ready to proceed on her voyage. And at all times while such vessel is in a safe harbor, nine hours, inclusive of the anchor watch, shall constitute a day's work. Whenever the master of any vessel shall fail to comply with this section, the seamen shall be entitled to discharge from such vessel and to receive the wages earned. But this section shall not apply to fishing or whaling vessels, or yachts.

Mar. 4, 1915.
Sec. 13.

(Effective on

No vessel of one hundred tons gross and upward, except those navigating rivers exclusively and the smaller inland lakes and except as provided in section one of this sels beginning Act, shall be permitted to depart from any port of the Nov. 4, 1915;

American ves

treaties Mar. 4,

ves

foreign na

treaties.)

on vessels of United States unless she has on board a crew not less than foreign nations not covered by seventy-five per centum of which, in each department 1916; on thereof, are able to understand any order given by the sels of other officers of such vessel, nor unless forty per centum in the tions after ter- first year, forty-five per centum in the second year, fifty mination of per centum in the third year, fifty-five per centum in the fourth year after the passage of this Act, and thereafter sixty-five per centum of her deck crew, exclusive of licensed officers and apprentices, are of a rating not less than able seaman. Every person shall be rated an able seaman, and qualified for service as such on the seas, who is nineteen years of age or upward, and has had at least three years' service on deck at sea or on the Great Lakes, on a vessel or vessels to which this section applies, including decked fishing vessels, naval vessels or coast guard vessels; and every person shall be rated an able seaman, and qualified to serve as such on the Great Lakes and on the smaller lakes, bays or sounds, who is nineteen years of age or upward and has had at least eighteen months' service on deck at sea or on the Great Lakes or on the smaller lakes, bays, or sounds, on a vessel or vessels to which this section applies, including decked fishing vessels, naval vessels, or coast guard vessels; and graduates of school ships approved by and conducted under rules prescribed by the Secretary of Commerce may be rated able seamen after twelve months' service at sea: Provided, That upon examination, under rules prescribed by the Department of Commerce as to eyesight, hearing, and physical condition, such persons or graduates are found to be competent: Provided further, That upon examination, under rules prescribed by the Department of Commerce as to eyesight, hearing, physical condition, and knowledge of the duties of seamanship a person found competent may be rated as able seaman after having served on deck twelve months at sea, or on the Great Lakes; but seamen examined and rated able seamen under this proviso shall not in any case compose more than one-fourth of the number of able seamen required by this section to be shipped or employed upon any vessel.

Any person may make application to any board of local inspectors for a certificate of service as able seaman, and upon proof being made to said board by affidavit and examination, under rules approved by the Secretary of Commerce, showing the nationality and age of the applicant and the vessel or vessels on which he has had service and that he is entitled to such certificate under the provisions of this section, the board of local inspectors shall issue to said applicant a certificate of service, which shall be retained by him and be accepted as prima facie evidence of his rating as an able seaman.

Each board of local inspectors shall keep a complete record of all certificates of service issued by them and to whom issued and shall keep on file the affidavits upon which said certificates are issued.

The collector of customs may, upon his own motion, and shall, upon the sworn information of any reputable citizen of the United States setting forth that this section is not being complied with, cause a muster of the crew of any vessel to be made to determine the fact; and no clearance shall be given to any vessel failing to comply with the provisions of this section: Provided, That the collector of customs shall not be required to cause such muster of the crew to be made unless said sworn information has been filed with him for at least six hours before the vessel departs, or is scheduled to depart: Provided further, That any person that shall knowingly make a false affidavit for such purpose shall be deemed guilty of perjury and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $500 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment, within the discretion of the court. Any violation of any provision of this section by the owner, master, or officer in charge of the vessel shall subject the owner of such vessel to a penalty of not less than $100 and not more than $500: And provided further, That the Secretary of Commerce shall make such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section, and nothing herein shall be held or construed to prevent the Board of Supervising Inspectors, with the approval of the Secretary of Commerce, from making rules and regulations authorized by law as to vessels excluded from the operation of this section.

118. Undermanning.

In case of desertion or casualty resulting in the loss of one or more of the seamen, the master must ship, if obtainable, a number equal to the number of those whose services he has been deprived of by desertion or casualty, who must be of the same or higher grade or rating with those whose places they fill, and report the same to the United States consul at the first port at which he shall arrive, without incurring the penalty prescribed by the two preceding sections. This section shall not apply to fishing or whaling vessels or yachts.

119. Fellow-servant clause.

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Sec. 20.

In any suit to recover damages for any injury sustained Mar. 4, 1915. on board vessel or in its service seamen having command (Effective beshall not be held to be fellow-servants with those under ginning Nov. 4, their authority.

1915.)

PART VI. SEAWORTHINESS, SUPPLIES, LOG BOOK.

120. Unseaworthy vessels.

121. Inspection of hulls and equipment.

122. Seagoing barges.

123. Inspection of seaworthiness at domestic ports.

124. Inspection of seaworthiness at foreign ports.

Dec. 21, 1898.
Sec. 11.

R. S., 4417.
Dec. 21, 1898.
Sec. 4.

Mar. 3, 1905.

1914, p. 120.)

120. Unseaworthy vessels.

125. Provisions and water.

126. Weights and measures.
127. Medicines and antiscorbutics.
128. Slop chest.

129. Warmth and clothing.
130. Log book.

If any person knowingly sends or attempts to send or is party to the sending or attempting to send an American ship to sea, in the foreign or coast wise trade, in such an unseaworthy state that the life of any person is likely to be thereby endangered, he shall, in respect of each offense, be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars or by imprisonment not to exceed five years, or both, at the discretion of the court, unless he proves that either he used all reasonable means to insure her being sent to sea in a seaworthy state, or that her going to sea in an unseaworthy state was, under the circumstances, reasonable and justifiable, and for the purposes of giving that proof he may give evidence in the same manner as any other witness. [This section shall not apply to fishing or whaling vessels or yachts-Dec. 21, 1898, sec. 26.]

121. Inspection of hulls and equipment.

The local inspectors shall, once in every year, at least, carefully inspect the hull of each steam vessel within their respective districts, and shall satisfy themselves that every such vessel so submitted to their inspection is of a structure suitable for the service in which she is to be (See Aug. 18, employed, has suitable accommodations for passengers and the crew, and is in a condition to warrant the belief that she may be used in navigation as a steamer, with safety to life, and that all the requirements of law in regard to fires, boats, pumps, hose, life-preservers, floats, anchors, cables, and other things are faithfully complied with; and if they deem it expedient they may direct the vessel to be put in motion, and may adopt any other suitable means to test her sufficiency and that of her equipment. The local inspectors shall, once in every year, at least, carefully inspect the hull of each sail vessel of over seven hundred tons carrying passengers for hire and all other vessels and barges of over one hundred tons burden carrying passengers for hire within their respective districts, and shall satisfy themselves that every such

vessel so submitted to their inspection is of a structure suitable for the service in which she is to be employed, has suitable accommodations for the crew, and is in condition to warrant the belief that she may be used in navigation with safety to life: Provided, That vessels while laid up and dismantled and out of commission may, by regulations established by the Board of Supervising Inspectors, with the approval of the Secretary of Commerce, be exempted from any or all inspection under sections forty-four hundred and seventeen, forty-four hundred and eighteen, forty-four hundred and twenty-six, forty-four hundred and twentyseven. Whenever any inspector or assistant inspector shall, in the performance of his duty, find on board any vessel subject to the provisions of this Title [R. S., 43994500] as part of the required equipment thereof, any equipment, machinery, apparatus, or appliances not conforming to the requirements of law, he shall require the same to be placed in proper condition by the owner or master of the said vessel, if possible; and if said inspector or assistant inspector shall find on board any such vessel any life-preservers or fire hose so defective as to be incapable of repair, he shall require that the same be destroyed in his presence by such owner or master. And in any of the foregoing cases local inspectors by whom or under whose supervision said vessel is then being inspected shall have power to enforce the foregoing requirements by revoking the certificate of the said vessel, and by refusing to issue a new certificate to the said vessel until the said requirements shall have been fully complied with or until such action of the local inspectors shall have been reversed, modified, or set aside by the supervising inspector of the district on proper appeal by the owner or master of said vessel, which appeal shall be made to the said supervising inspector within ten days after the final action as aforesaid by the local inspectors; and upon such appeal, duly made, the supervising inspector shall have power to affirm, modify, or set aside such action by the local inspectors.

122. Seagoing barges.

Sec. 10.

The local inspectors of steamboats shall at least once in May 28, 1908. every year inspect the hull and equipment of every seagoing barge of one hundred gross tons or over, and shall satisfy themselves that such barge is of a structure suitable for the service in which she is to be employed, has suitable accommodations for the crew, and is in a condition to warrant the belief that she may be used in navigation with safety to life. They shall then issue a certificate of inspection in the manner and for the purposes prescribed in sections forty-four hundred and twenty-one and forty-four hundred and twenty-three of the Revised Statutes.

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