ought to pay higher duties than the protected that, what was modestly solicited and generarticles, for the obvious reason that the protec-ously granted as a temporary protection against tion given by the duties on these latter articles the disasters of a sudden change, produced by to one class of American producers, necessarily the act of the Government itself, is now impeimposed an equivalent burthen upon another riously demanded, with a more than two fold in. class. crease, as a matter of right, and as a measure But even these rates of duty upon cotton of permanent policy. They cannot fail to perand woollen manufactures, were temporary up-ceive, also, that, after the progress and imon the face of the act which imposed them, it provement of forty years-sixteen of them unbeing expressly provided that, in three years, der a protection of from twenty-five to fifty-five they should be reduced from twenty-five to per cent.; during which our manufactures have twenty per cent. ad valorem. So far, there- had full time to reach their maturity, a rate of fore, from being placed at this rate, for the ex- protecting duties is now established as the perclusive purpose of protection, those duties were manent policy of the country, four times as high actually lower than others which were exclu- as that which was recommended by Alexansively designed for revenue; and, so far from der Hamilton, when those manufactures were giving an implied pledge that they should be in their infancy. Upon every principle of rearetained and extended, without reference to son and justice, and upon the avowed principles the fiscal wants of the Government, the act of of Mr. Hamilton, the author of the protecting 1816 contained an express declaration, that system, no manufacture can have any claim to even the incidental protection of the revenue protection which cannot dispense with it after rates should not continue above twenty per a few years of probation. But these principles cent. for more than three years. Instead, are entirely disregarded and reversed by the however, of acquiescing in the provisions of present advocates of this system. The expethe act of 1816, the manufacturing interest was rience, maturity, and improvements which, acthe first to disturb them, by procuring the re-cording to those principles, should induce the peal of the clause which provided that, in three manufacturers to dispense with even origiyears, the ad valorem duties on cotton and nal protecting duties, have had no other effect woollen manufactures should be reduced from than to increase their demands. The infant twenty-five to twenty per cent. which was generously nourished in its feebleBut, still unsatisfied with the protection so ness, now grown up to maturity, proves to be a generously yielded to them, the manufacturers gigantic monster, which turns upon its benecontinued to clamor for a yet greater increase factors and devours their substance, with an apof duties, until they sueceeded, in 1824, in hav-petite increasing with its stature, and which ing them raised on woollens from 25 to 33 per nothing can satiate. cent.; iron to 90 cents per hundred; while, on Adverting to the several steps by which this cotton manufactures, the minimum was raised system has attained its present dimensions, it from 25 to 30 cents the square yard, being it will be seen that, by the act of 1824, the proequivalent to an average increase of ten or fif. tecting duties were only raised, on an average, teen per cent. ad valorem; and, on most other about ten per cent., and even this increase was manufactures, a very considerable addition was carried in the House of Representatives by a made to the duties. The tariff of 1824 was meagre majority of five votes only; whereas, in passed with the almost unanimous opposition of 1828, the amendments of the Senate, which the representatives from all the southern States; raised the duties on woollen manufactures from and nothing induced the people of the south, at 33 per cent., to an average of more than 50 that time, to acquiesce in it, but the solemn per cent., estimating the effect of the miniassurance of its leading advocates that no fur-mums, and other protecting duties in propor ther call for protection would ever be made in tion, were carried in the House of Representabehalf of the manufacturing interest. This tives by the overwhelming majority of 117 pledge was most distinctly made in Congress votes to 67! It is thus apparent that the sysduring the discussion of that measure. But tem is not only progressive, but that each sucthis was soon forgotten or disregarded, and, in cessive advance has been greater than the pre1826, renewed efforts were made to extend the ceeding, and that the number of its supporters protecting duties, particularly on wool and has steadily increased at every successive strug woollen manufactures, efforts which were per-gle in Congress. severingly prosecuted until 1828, when they Considered in reference to the condition of were crowned with complete success by the the country, and the wants of the Governenactment of what has been appropriately de- ment, the recent struggle, and the measure nominated a "bill of abominations." This act which has resulted from it, form no exception increased the duties on woollen manufactures, on an average, more than twenty per cent., and most of the protecting duties to a considerable extent, though not quite so much. to this remark. Indeed it may be affirmed with confidence, that the system is at this moment stronger than it ever has been at any former period. Such is a brief history of the progress of the In 1816, with a vast public debt to discharge, protecting system since the late war-a history it was necessary to provide an annual revewhich the people of the southern States can nue of $24,000,000. It is not now necessary contemplate with no other than the most me- to provide more than half that sum. If, therelancholy reflections. They cannot but perceive fore, in 1816, the protecting duties did not average more than 25 per cent. when it was from the burthens of unconstitutional and opnecessary to provide twenty-four millions of pressive taxation. Yet those claims have been revenue, it clearly follows that, upon the prin- urged in vain upon an interested and irrespon ciples of the act of 1816, without reference to sible majority. its prospective reductions, the protecting du They have now made their ultimate concesties should now be reduced to 12 per cent. sion and even that was yielded with great rewhen it is not necessary to provide a revenue luctance, and accompanied by the declaration of more than $12,000,000. of their leading advocates that the protecting Yet, what are the provisions of the act re- duties would be hereafter increased, particucently passed? The burdens of the protecting larly on woollen manufactures, if fifty per cenduties are decidedly increased, estimating the tum should be found an insufficient protection, cash duties and diminished credits, and they with cash duties, that are equivalent to ten per now actually stand at an average of more than centum more. What then, is the boasted fifty per cent., while the duties on the unpro- compromise offered to the southern States by tected articles, which, upon every principle of this new tariff? It is nothing more nor less than equality and justice, should sustain the princi- such an artful arrangement of the duties upon ple part of the burthens of taxation, are, with a imposts, as throws the burthen of the federal few inconsiderable exceptions, entirely repeal- taxation upon the protection of these States, ed. Upon those manufactures which are re while the tariff States are not only exempted ceived in exchange for the staple productions from any portion of that burthen, but actually of the southern States, the aggregate increase gain more than they lose by the entire operaof the burthens of taxation beyond what they tion of the system. were under the tariff of 1828, is believed to be Nothing is more obvious to those who look upwards of one million of dollars; while the re- through the whole scheme, in all its bearings, duction or repeal of the duties on those im- than the manufacturing States would not conports which are received in exchange for the sent to an entire repeal of the taxes, viewed in productions of the tariff States, and are princi- the light of a mere question of pecuniary gain, pally consumed in those States, amount to and without reference to the fiscal wants of the about four millions of dollars. While, there-Government. Their whole course evinces, fore, the aggregate burthens of taxation are di what is undoubtedly the fact, that they have a minished four millions of dollars by this bill, the proprie ary interest in the taxes, instead of feelpositive burthens of the southern States are ing them as a burthen. As a necessary consenot diminished at all, and their relative burth-quence of this state of things, the productions ens are very greatly increased. The relief and property of the planting States, are absowhich those States will derive, as consumers, lutely subject to the control of an irresponsible from the reduction and repeal of the duties on and despotic majority, who have converted the the exchanges of the no.th, will not be more whole fiscal operations of the Government into than equivalent to the increased burthens im the mere means of levying contributions from posed on the exchanges of the south. the industry of those to nourish and sustain the On the other hand, those increased burthens rival industry of the manufacturing States. on the exchanges of the south operate as boun- The substantial right of property, in the planties to the manufacturing States to the amount tations of the south, is in the majority who exof more than a million of dollars, and the re-ercise this irresponsible power of exaction, and duction and repeal of duties on their exchanges those who vainly imagine they are the proprie and consumption operate as a relief to them of tors, and are in truth mere stewards, recover. at least three millions more. It results from ing just such an annual income, as this proprieall this, that the manufacturing States are re-tary government, the majority, may choose to lieved and benefitted, by the provisions of the allow them. The natural effect of this anomanew tariff, to the amount of four millions of dol-lous action of the government, is that reckless lars annually, while the unequal and oppres-appropriation of the public money for every sive burthens of the planting States are not purpose, whether constitutional or unconstitu only undiminished but greatly aggravated by tional, by which the legislation of Congress has their increased inequality. Their burthens are been characterized for several years past, and precisely the same now that the Government never to a more alarming extent than during requires only twelve millions of revenue, that the present session. This has been strikingly they were when it required double that exemplified by the establishment of a grand The extinguishment of the public pension system, embracing all the volunteers debt, to which they looked forward with the and militia who served six months during the most cheering anticipations, brings them no revolutionary war, without any regard to their relief. On the contrary, it gives them the pecuniary circumstances, and involving the anmost unequivocal assurance of their hopeless nual expenditure of several millions of dollars; condition and final destiny, so far as these can by new extravagant appropriations for internal be fixed by Congres. It may be said, with improvements of a mere local nature, to an experfect truth, that even "hope, which comes to tent altogether without example; by an attempt all," comes not to them. There never will oc- successful in one branch of the legislature, and cur again a period so propitious as that which evidently destined to succeed in both, to dishas just gone by for urging upon Congress the tribute annually among the States three millions claims of the planting States to be relieved of the public revenue; and, finally, by an ag amount. ས། gregate increase of the appropriations of the New York* 40 21 19 13 13 9 9 No one can witness the proceedings of Congress on these appropriations, without receiving 5. N. Carolinat 13 indications not to be mistaken, that the Fed- 6. Kentucky* eral Government has degenerated into a mere 7. Tennesseet political engine for regulating the labour and 8. Massachusetts* 12 distributing the wealth of the country, upon the 9. S. Carolina+ most arbitrary principles, and by levying the 10. Georgia most oppressive exactions on one portion of the 11. Marylandf Union, to be bestowed in prolific bounties on 12. Mainet another. Already have the principles conse 13. Indiana crated by our ancestors in the revolutionary 14. New Jersey* struggle, undergone a radical change, and a 15. Connecticut* large majority of the people of this Union ac- 16. Vermont tually regard taxation as a public blessing.-It 17. N. Hampshire 5 has even become a proverb among them, that 18. Alabama it would be wise and beneficial to retain the du- 19. Louisiana* ties though the money should be thrown into 20. Illinois the ocean. All this is the natural and inevita-21. Rhode Island ble result of a system which practically exempts 22. Missouri those who impose the taxes from all esponsibili. 23. Mississippi ty to those who pay them, which not only exmpts 24. Delaware* the govering majority from all participation in the burthen of taxation, but actually confers upon that majority bounties, proportioned to the burthens it imposes upon the proscribed minority. The undersigned have presented this brief Do by districts. exposition of the actual condition of your vital Electors appointed by the Legislature, S. interests and your sacred rights, that you may Carolina being the only State where they are decide for yourselves what course is expedient to not chosen by the people. pursue in this great emergency, to rescue those interests from impending ruin and to vindicate FROM THE NATIONAL GAZETTE. those rights from unconstitutional violation. Extract of a letter from a highly respectable They will not pretend to suggest the appropri- gentleman in New York, dated July 31. ate remedy, but, after expressing their solemn "OF THE CHOLERA.-Will you be implicitly and deliberate conviction that the protecting sys-guided by me-you and your friends? If you tem must now be regarded as the setlled policy n sill dismiss your terrors, and adopt the follow. of the country, and that all hopes of relief from erg directions, namely: take one ounce of cam Congress is irrecoverably gone, they leave it datly and dissolve it in half a pint of alcohol; of with you, the soverign power of the State, to gphoolution, which in quantity will serve a determine whether the rights and the liberties this tude of occasions, the dose is only three which you received as a precieus inheritance multi on a lump of sugar dissolved in a small from an illustrious ancestry shall be tamely sur-dropsglassful of water; the sugar to make it rendered without a struggle, or transmitted undiminished to your posterity. ROBERT Y. HAYNE, Washington, July 13, 1832. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS. wine-ble; the water to extend the champor palata larger space of the stomach. Here is no over am, no trick of empyricism. It is simple; nostru not its simplicity offend-for it is efbut let. Take no other medecine; and if life fectual saved by this treatment, touch nothing is to be ape of odium-it is the antipodes of in the sh, and would destroy its afficacy. camphorot stagger at my receipe: it is a spe "Don here no excess has been committed, cific. Wdence of diet, nor the system been nor imprubilitated by previous sickness or old age, three drops as directed on the occurrence The following statement shows the number of any of the premonitory symptoms of choleof members of the House of Representatives ra, such as nausea, vomiting, cramps, or, the and electors of President, to which each State most usual, diarrhea-taken immediately, will is entitled, under the new apportionment; also relieve the system. If the symptoms are obthe number of electors at the last election,, the stinate, repeat the dose in about an hour. In States being arranged according to representa-case of a sick stomach, if the first dose is retive population. jected give a second one, precisely the same, at intervals of five minutes by the table spoon- or simple water if the other be not at hand. ful. The Cholera is a disease of stages-it The mixture ought to be well stirred up, so as never comes without notice; the first, or premo- to facilitate the deglutition of the charcoalnitory stage is easily, safely, & completely cured it may be divided into two draughts-soon by three drops of camphor. Taken in time, after two ounces of castor oil ought to be you will not have the second or dangerous given to the patient, say a quarter of an hour stage; and even in collapse it is the only sure or half an hour after the first administration of remedy. the charcoal, "Let no one having bowel complaint think Two ounces of powdered charcoal prepared it will go over harmlessly. It may, but there in the same manner as before, to be administeris danger, perhaps death, in the contingency. ed; a table spoonful every quarter of an hour, The three drops of camphor will compel it to and alternately administer a spoonful of sweet go off without injury ninety-nine times in a oil, or melted lard, every half hour. It is not hundred. I can testify personally to the blindly that the undersigned has made choice of truth of these statements." the lime-water for the cure of the yellow feThe following is from the letter of Dr. ver, but because that substance is known to be Channing, of New York, on the same subject. the most powerful anti-inetic and anti-septic, "Let it not be imagined that the validity of that it decomposes carbonic acid, that it is the this statement rests upon the assertion of one test of recognizing after death whether corrosive or ten individuals. It is a statement which sublimate has been swallowed, and it precipicourts the investigation of every unprejudiced tates it. It is for those reasons that he has emmind, and which will be sustained by the ployed it in the yellow fever, and that he revoices of at least five hundred impartial wit-commends it as the best drink during the whole nesses of the efficacy of the camphor treatment. attack of the cholera morbus. It may be Let those who still doubt, and who are affect- sweetened with lemon syrup or molasses; ice ed with any of the usual premonitory symp- may be advantageously employed to cool that toms, make trial of one to three drops only of drink. He will add that frictions with camphorthe unmixed spirits of camphor in a little water, ated sweet oil on the neck, breast, and abdorepeated at intervals of an hour or two, for a men of the patient, as well as under the armfew hours only, carefully avoiding improper pits, will no doubt contribute to save the life of diet, all other medicine, and especially every the patient. Small clysters of oil or melted form of opium, and experience may convince them that cholera in this stage is readily obviated without the aid of a physician. FROM THE X. Y. MERCANTILE ADVERTISER. lard with a strong decotion of linseed may also be administered with good effect. The only stimlants that with safety can be employed in the disease, are blisters or rather rubefacients, to the legs and thighs and other external parts. We have read a pamphlet of 58 pages, being He is of opinion that no emetics, no vio "Observations on the Yellow Fever," by Dr. lent purgatives, nor stimulants of any sorts Plantou. It appears by this pamphlet that Dr. should be employed in cholera; as for bleeding, Plantou was the first to use charcoal in the he will ask if any physician would resorte to it cure of Yellow Fever. From the effect pro-in case of poisoning, or highly putrid diseases? duced externally by charcoal, Dr. P. conclud- Has not Dr. Broussais of Paris, dcclared in his ed that it might be internally employed as an lectures on the cholera, that the blood in that antiseptic, or anti-gangrenous medicine-it has disorder turned soon to the consistence of cur. answered the object proposed, and we find rent jelly?" charcoal, prepared accroding to Dr. Plantou's It will pe remembered by our readers, that a directions, very successfully administered. In stranger mysteriously moved through the the pamphlet before us, we find the Yellow streets of Montraal, and by the accounts in the Fever, the Plague, and the Cholera Morbus papers, effected miraculus cures, without spoken of as diseases having much affinity, and reward, administering pulverised charcoal, meltthat similar remedies are applied to all three ed lard, and sugar, mixed together. diseases. The Doctor's remarks on caloric and We think Dr. Plantou's pamphlet, and his cold, and on electricity and magnitism are in recipe worthy of attention. teresting. This pamphlet was written in 1822 and addressed to our Board of Health, in October of that year' while the Yellow Feaver was Extract of a letter to the Editor of the Pennsyl vania Inquirer, duted raging here. THE CHOLERA. Dr. Plantou has just published a circular reDETROIT, July 22, 1832. ferring to the publication above named, and Dear Sir: The cholera can no longer be said recommends his remedy more specifically to exist in this city. The steamboats have reto the present epidemic. We have heard commenced running between this and Buffalo. it spoken of by medical men in terms of The commerce of the lakes and the business commendation, and therefore make the follow- of the town are reviving. Yet, great mischief ing extract from the circular before us. has been done to both, and to the improve At the first attack of the cholera, two ments of Detroit, by the exaggerations which ounces of pulverized charcoal ought to be ad, have been circulated concerning the disease, ministered, diluted with about four table spoons- and the absurd quarantine regulations which ful of molasses, and about a pint of lime water, were adopted to prevent its introduction or ex tension, but which were abandoned in a few of cholera have been reported in that place. In days, the doctrine of contagion being com- Portsmouth there have been eight or ten new pletely discarded. cases, and four deaths. 34. New York, Aug. 2.-New cases 81, death The latest intelligence from General Scott, still at Chicago, is to the 18th instant, inclusive. The cholera was rapidly subsiding among the Jersey City, Aug. 1.-No new case. troops. Lieutenants Gustavus Brown, and Albany, July 31.-New cases 29, deaths 6; McDuffie, had died of it. Only two or three total cases in the last fortnight 387, deaths private soldiers, in addition to those mentioned 136. heretofore, had died. The citizens had not Philadelphia, Aug. 2.-New cases 40, deaths been infected. General Scott had determined 15. Letters from General Atkinson are up to the The Norfolk Beacon of the 1st instant con tains the following: "The Board of Health reports, that of the cases of Cholera reported up to 12 o'clock this day, eight new cases have occurred, of which five have died, Of the last named cases there was one white man and seven persons of color. The Norfolk Beacon says: "We are yet without any official information In Portsmouth, the deaths from Tuesday to from Portsmouth, on the subject of the cholera; Sunday inclusive were 21, since which we and the reports therefrom are so various and learn three or four have been added to the num contradictory that we deem it worse than use. ber. In Norfolk the deaths since Thursday have less to give them publication. Several new been three by this new and alarming epidemic, cases, we hear, have occurred since our last, which is generally believed to be the Asiatic the exact number of which, or their result, we cholera, or the same fatal disease which has pre- are unable to state.”. vailed in New York for several weeks past with New York, Aug. 3.-New cases 88, deaths such fearful destruction to human life. Its ra- 30. vages in this quarter have been confined to the Albany, Aug. 2.-New cases 19, of which 5 colored people, with a few exceptions in Ports- are severe; deaths 7. mouth, viz., Mr. Thomas, an overseer, who Philadelphia, Aug. 3.-New cases 35, deaths having just recovered from diarrhoea, indulged 14. August 4.-New cases 45, death, 13. freely in iced liquors, while overheated; a man Norfolk, August 4.-The Board of Health by the name of Keith, notoriously of intempe- reports, that of the cases reported up to twelve rate habits, and a marine soldier at the Navy o'clock on Wednesday the 1st, two have died, Yard Barracks. In Norfolk the death have been and that for the forty-eight hours up to twelve so far entirely confined to the colored people. o'clock this day, there were fourteen new cases, In most of the cases in Portsmouth, we under- of which seven have died. Of the deaths two stand the blacks are known to have eaten of were white and five colored persons. West India or domestic fruit, pine apples, wa- In Portsmouth, of the cases before reported, ter melons, &c. and in Norfolk, some who have four have died. New cases in that place, from died, have eaten heartily of water melons a short 5 o'clock, P. M. on Thursday to 5 P. M. yea time before their attack. terday, 15, of whom one has died. The citizens of Portsmouth had a meeting We regret to learn that about fifteen cases yesterday morning, and laid the town off into of the Cholera, three of them very violent, have wards, for the purpose of a thorough cleansing appeared on board the U. S. ship Fairfield, and purification of all its streets and avenues.now at the Navy Yard, at Gosport. They, doubtless, will see the propriety of fur- QUEBEC, July 23.-Admissions to the He nishing a daily accurate report of the new cases pitals 2, deaths none; 24th, admission 12, deaths and deaths, to guard against the mischievous ef. 3. The increase on Tuesday, (24th,) says a fects of exaggerated statements going abroad. Quebec paper, may be attributed to the de NEW YORK, Aug. 1.—New cases 92; deaths bauchery which always takes place on Sundays, 41. and causes many admissions on Mondays. To tal cases in hospitals 917, deaths 566. BROOKLYN, Aug. 1.-New cases 35; deaths 7. STATE PRISON, at Sing Sing, July 26.-New cases 9; deaths 4; remaining 52. DETROIT, July 26.-Our city is now free from any malignant or alarming disease. THE UNITED STATES' TELEGRAPH. IS PRINTED AT Washington City, upon the followng TERMS: POUGHKEEPSIE, Aug. 1.-Only two new ca. ses during the last week, and these half a mile from the centre of the village. Total deaths 6. Daily paper, per annum, MOUNT PLEASANT, Westchester co. N. Y.-Country paper, [three times a week during the ses sion, and semi-weekly during the recess of Con During the past week there have been, in this gress, village, two deaths of decided malignant cho-Eur six months, Weekly paper, lera. Payable in advance. 10.00 5.00 3.09 250 A failure to notify the editor of an intention to discon tinue will be considered a renewal of the subscription, the editor, until all arrearages are paid. which will not be discontinued, except at the option |