The Surveying Handbook

accuracy adjustment alidade alignment axis azimuth backsight base line bearing bubble calculated catch point centerline circle compass computed construction control stations control surveys corner correction cross hairs curve datum determined difference direction dumpy level earth EDMI elevation ellipsoid equation equipment error example field notes geoid grade grid ground height horizontal control horizontal distance inertial instrument intersection land latitude length line of sight lode longitude map projections mark meridian method misclosure monuments observations offset operations orthometric height parallel plane plane coordinate system plotted plumb bob Polaris pole position precise procedure reading record reference reference ellipsoid rotation satellite scale screws shown in figure slope stake stadia standard stereoplotter surface surveyor tacheometers tacheometry tangent tape telescope theodolite topographic total station transit traverse triangulation tribrach trilateration tripod vernier vertical angle zone