There are a number of persons mese received their books from Cey. descended from the Portuguese, who lon: they were in the Pali language. are as black as jet; but their lan- The very first spice which they had guage remains, and it seems likely of Buddhism went from Ceylon; and to continue in use. This most sim- there seems the highest probability, ple of all languages, which may be that, as they had heathanism from learned in a few weeks, is spoken Ceylon, they will have Christianity by persons along an extent of 2,600 from thence--the Scriptures being miles: and it has been honoured, by now about to be printed in the Pali the Society giving to these scatter- language, which is considered so saed tribes who speak it, a complete cred, that nothing written in that copy of the New Testament in their language will ever be destroyed. own dialect.

They will shortly be sent among the So great has been the effect of Burmese; and we know not what the Scriptures, that there are now will be the consequence but mercy whole parishes, in which there are has followed the British arms; and heathen temples, but no worshipers; the probability is, that the time is and the inhabitants offered, about arrived when that door shall be openfour months ago, a Buddhist temple ed which shall be shut no more. for Christian worship. But the most singular thing which I have seen, is the destruction of caste, that hor- DONATIONS TO RELIGIOUS AND CHARITABLE rid monster which had dominion over all India ; and, while all ages have To the American Board, $5,548 68 shown that it is not by might nor from June 21st, to July 20th. by power, but by the Spirit of the To the American Colonization SoLord, it is true that in the same ciety, $1,824, from April 1st, to July degree that the book of Revealed 26th. Truth has circulated, caste has hid To the American Tract Society, its head.

$3,718 27, from June 1st, to July 25th, I would also state, that the Bur: including the receipts for tracts sold.

INSTITUTIONS.

Ordinations and Anstallations.

June 12.-Rev. PINDAR Field, as July 25.--Rev. ALFRED CHESTER, Evangelist, at Madison, N. Y. Ser. over the Presbyterian Church in Rahmon by the Rev. Mr. Brace, of Oneida way N. Y. Sermon by the Rev. G. Presbytery.

Bergen, of Bottle Hill. June 21.-Rev. Parsons CooKE, 0- July 26.-Rev. David Curtiss was ver the Second Congregational Church installed over the Baptist Church and in Ware, Mass. Sermon by the Rev. Society in Abington, Mass. Sermon Dr. Woodbridge, of Hadley.

by the Pastor elect. July 12.—Rev. ELIJAH D. Wells,

Messrs. GEORGE A. was installed Pastor of the Associated SHELTON, of Bridgeport, and GEORGE Presbyterian Church of Oxford N. Y. G. SHEPARD of Amherst, were admitSermon by the Rev. P. H. Bouge, of ted to the order of Deacons at HartGilbertsville.

ford by Bishop Brownell and Rev. July 12.-Rev. VERNON D. TAYLOR JAMES A. Fox, of Woodville, Miss. to Was ordained over the Congregational the order of Priests. Church, in Elizabethtown N. Y. Ser. Aug. 2—Rev. CHRISTOPHER S. mon by Rev. Mr. Hopkins.

HALE was ordained as Pastor of the July 16.—Messrs. John GRAMMER, Baptist church and society in East Jun., H. Askwith, B. Peers and L. Windsor, Vt. Sermon by the Rev. H. Jones, were admitted to the order M. W. Williamas, of Concord, N. H. of Deacons at Petersburgh, Va. Ser- Aug. 5.-Rev. Joel P. HAYFORD, mon by the Rev. Dr. Ducachet, of at Morristown, Vt. Sermon by the Norfolk.

Rev. Alva Sabin of Georgia.

1

ac

Public Affairs.
The government of Guatemala has an models. No sooner were the new
granted to A. H. Palmer, Esq. and regulations proclaimed than the Jani-
others, of the city of New York, the zaries incorporated in the regular ar-
right to open a direct canal communi- showed their discontent; which soon
cation for ships, from the Atlantic to increased to open revolt. Unable to
the Pacific ocean, through the river withstand the force brought against
San Juan and the lake Nicaragua, with them by government, the rebels be-
the privilege of an exclusive naviga- took themselves to their barracks,
tion for twenty years.

where they were massacred and burnt
The whole extent of excavation to the number of several thousands.
will not exceed 17 miles, (the distance More than fifty chiefs who surrender-
between the lake and the river,) which ed themselves as prisoners were strang-
will require a lockage of 200 feet. led. The Sultan, encouraged by this
The work is required to be completed success, persisted in his determination
in 18 months, and it is said will be to put in practice the European sys-
commenced with 6000 men from this tem ; and sent his orders for the supe
country.

pression of the Janizaries into all parts

of the empire. GREECE AND TURKEY.-Late

The latest news from Greece is counts inform us of an insurrection of more encouraging. The chiefs were the Janizaries, and of their consequent acting with greater energy and unandestruction. The Janizaries, as our imity and had successfully resisted readers all know, are a corps of Infan- several attempts at an attack on Athtry of the Turkish army, composed principally of young Christian slaves, Lord Cochrane sailed about the first trained and inured to labour and hard- of June to take the command it is said ship. They are at present divided in- of the Greek naval force. He collectto two classes into those who are ed a fleet of eight ships, off cape St. paid and those who are not paid. The Vincent, and expected to be in Greece former have, from the time in which by the end of June. His flag ship is they were created a distinct order, a steam vessel of 400 tons, on Mr. Percomposed the infantry of the Imperial kin's principle. Great hopes are enGuard. The latter are entitled to tained of his success. A letter was the prerogatives of Janizaries, and are received at London, from his Lordship obliged to suffer no restraint but to while on his voyage to Greece, enclosfight in time of war. The principal ing a copy of his manifesto to the Paresidences of the Janizaries are at cha of Egypt; in which he warns him Constantinople and the larger cities. against continuing to lend his aid in Five hundred formed the guard of the the subjugation of a Christian people Seraglio, and received their rations exhorts him to direct his attention to from the Sultan's kitchen. The whole the improvement of his own people, number of this corps of militia is va- with other nations; and assures him riable at different times: it has of late that all the evils he inflicts on Greece, amounted to nearly two hundred thou- must ultimately recoil on himself. It

The occasion of their re- is understood that this expedition has volt was an attempt at a new organi- the secret concurrence of the British zation of the troops after the Europe- government.

ens.

:

sand men.

Obituary.

SAMUEL FISHER DARRACH, third son September 30th, 1824, aged 26 years

, of James and Elizabeth Darrach, was and 10 months. born in Philadelphia December 1st, He united himself to the Church of 1797, and died at Weinheim, Germany, Christ about the sixteenth year of his

age, and soon after entered the fresh- toral duties. Retirement and study men-class of Princeton College, to fit suited his natural disposition. On the himself for the study of divinity. Here death of his mother his only surviving he became distinguished for a talent for parent, his health being much impairpublic speaking and the mathematics. ed, he determined to gratify his wish On taking his degree, the valedictory to visit Europe, where he might, under oration was awarded him.

new and as he supposed, more favour. After residing one year at home, able circumstances, prepare himself enjoying the instructive society of his more completely for a critical study of pastor, the Rev. Thomas H. Skinner, the bible. and employing his intervals from study But how true is it, that God's ways in exhortations to the destitute in the are not our ways. This youthful sersuburbs of the city, and in frequent vant of Christ died a few months after visits to the Prison, a favorite resort, his embarkation without having arrived he returned to Princeton, and entered at his greatly desired place of improve the Theological Seminary. Here he ment.* His sickness was of short remained two years or more; and then duration: and of such a nature, as from visited Andover where he resided one its first onset, to deprive him of intelyear devoted to the study of Biblical lect. It is however, a great consolaCriticism.

tion to his friends, that, in addition to In the fall of 1823 he was licensed the kind and respectful attention which by the Presbytery of Philadelphia; and was given by the public officers of the called to preach in and about his na- town of Weinheimn and by many in the tive city, in Bridgtown, New Jersey, neighbourhood, both during his sickand in the city of New-York.

ness and after his death, he was also His pulpit labours gave much prom- favoured with the friendship of the ise; and his friends fondly hoped that Reverend Doctor Caldwell of the Colthe unobtrusive but ardent spirit of pi- lege of North Carolina who had been ety which had hitherto confined him to his fellow traveller from Paris. The private studies, was now about to en- death of this young servant is indeed a gage him in public usefulness. But painful, mysterious providence; but the desire of research, and the dispo- we should be still and learn that the sition for retirement which nature and Lord reigns. habit inclined, and ill health permitted him to indulge, disinclined him to pas

* Halle.

answers to Correspondents, &c.

We regret that a communication from our correspondent at O***, Mass., has been mislaid: we hope to recover it in season for our next number.

Errata.—In the absence of the Editor during the printing of the last number, some errors escaped correction: the word attraction, p. 430, c 2 1. 21, should have been attention. Other mistakes occur in the Latin notes of J. P.W.-In the present number, at p. 475, c. 2, near the bottom, in some copies, supply the following words in brackets : "the other the luxury) of repose;' at p. 480 the word plebeian is misspelt plebian.

THE

CHRISTIAN SPECTATOR.

No. 10.)

OCTOBER

(1826.

seven.

Religious.
For the Christian Spectator. ter the sacraments. But sometimes

vain glory suggested clerical preLAY PRESBYTERS, NO. XX.

ferment, and a desire of the office JOHN CASSIAN, after leaving a mo- of presbyter, or deacon. Each of

, . nastery at Bethlehem, and visiting these was then a clerical grade, (c) others in Egypt, was ordained a the office of presbyter was consedeacon by Chrysostom at Constan- quently undivided, and that of deatinople.(a) Thence he went to con being also clerical, the possiRome, and finally to Marseilles, bility of an inferior presbyter is where he was made a presbyter, excluded. and resided till his death, A. D. Seniores in the writings of Cas440. The Greek was probably his sian, mean either abbates, or the native language, but he appears in monks, who are entrusted with the Latin.(b) He wrote Instructions for care of the noviciates,(d) except Monks, in 12 books ; Conferences when taken for the christian fathers, with Egyptian Ecclesiastics; and never ecclesiastical officers, for he of The Incarnation, in

deemed it an important maxim, These writings incidentally, but that a “monk should by all means correctly, describe the government shun the bishops ;" which he said of the church, at that period, as he could not always rehearse, withepiscopal ; yet express an opinion, out confusion, for he had not been that the first state of the church able to escape their hands.(e) was monastic, and all things com- SOCRATES, SOZOMEN, and Theomon, and that the latitude given DORET, wrote ecclesiastical histoby the council of Jerusalem was

ries of the same times, beginning because of Gentile infirmity. But in the reign of Constantine the when, even from this, the church great, and terminating about the had degenerated, some, possessing times of Theodosius the younger. the fervour of the Apostles, left the Their concurrent testimony evinces eities, and retired into private sit. the continued influence of the canuations, who are thence called ons of the council of Nice, estabMonks, Anchorites, Eremites and lished by the authority of the RoAscetics.

An abbas was the head of a mon- (c) “ Nonnunquam vero clericatus graastery, and if it was remote from a dum, et desiderium presbyteri vel diaco

natus innuitit." city, or very large, he was usually XI. c. 14. p. 178.

Scil. cenodoria. Libe a presbyter, that he might adminis

(d) Lib. XII. c. 14. p. 193, Col. I. C. (a) De incarnatione, lib. VII. c. 31.

p.

235. (6) Collatio I. c. V. p. 219.

(e) Lib. XI. c. 18. p. 181. de institutis. 1826.-No. 10.

22.

e

man emperor ; which, with various ces, by a divine right, because the modifications, are still the funda- office of presbyter is of such nature, mental laws of the Catholic eccle. their pretensions are absurd, and siastical government; and have where their discernment justifies been, and probably always will be the charge of disingenuity, wicked. unceremoniously enforced, where- At that period, no pr:ident Chrisever her physical means have exten- tian would have refused to abide ded or shall be supplied. These by those canons of councils, which historians are competent, but not being the supreme law of the emalways credible witnesses even of pire, secured the people from Pa. the things which occurred in their gan persecution, under which they own times; for great allowances had groaned so long. Also the must be made for the igno- high respect entertained for the rance, credulity, and depravation canon law, at the first, appears by

, of the people, and the arts and am- many examples. When the church bition of a clergy; who maintained at Constantinople were told that their establishment by the vigilant Proclus, whom they had elected, exercise of their new authority, and could not become their head, bethe substitution of monkish legends cause a canon had forbidden the and fraudulent devices, in the place translation of a bishop, (a) they subof the simplicity of the gospel, and mitted without complaint. But on its saving truths.

the next vacancy, it having been SOCRATES was born at Constan- discovered that no such canon extinople, (a) in the reign of Theodo- isted, they, after twenty years, resius the first. After a liberal edu- elected the man of their choice, cation, he studied and professed who became their bishop.(b) Also the law, and wrote his history in the fact, that the bishop of Rome seven books.

was deemed to have passed the Canonical ordination, introdu- bounds of priestly order in punishced, as we have seen, without ei- ing the Novatians,(c) clearly shows, ther scriptural precept, or Apos- that the public knew that the civil tolic example, could neither en- was to be merely auxiliary unto, large, nor limit the office of pres- not superceded by ecclesiastical byter, its essence was the same, the authority, in the application of ordainers being still presbyters. force. It was deemed also a deAlso the ambition of preachers ren- parture from rules, though highly dered convenient, custom establish- expedient, that Silvanus, bishop of ed, and civil authority confirmed a Troas, should appoint a layman to diocesan form of government; but try those causes, which the clergy neither were the essentials of the had been, before that period, auchurch of Christ thereby destroy. thorized to decide.(d) This could ed, nor have presbyters gained; not then have been a novelty, had whether considered as bishops or lay presbyters previously existed in priests, for lay presbyters as yet, the church. Nor have we, in all had no existence, a particle more

the seven books of Socrates, disor less of legitimate scriptural pow. covered so much as a word, or hint er, than had been at first given to of the existence of such an office, them. As members of the social whilst bishops, presbyters, and deacompact, they may receive and cons, frequently occur, and always bear its authority ; and as officers in the character of clergy. of civil society, they ought to be

HERMIAS SOZOMENES, a native of respected; but when they claim, hold, and exercise municipal offi- (a) Lib. VII. c. 36. (b) Ibidem c. 40. (a) Socrat. lib. V. c. 24.

(c) Lib. VII. c. 11. (d) Lib. VII. c. 37.

a