CHEMICAL

PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY

PRINTED BY

SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE

LONDON

A TEXT-BOOK

OF

CHEMICAL PHYSIOLOGY

AND

PATHOLOGY

BY

W. D. HALLIBURTON, M.D., B.Sc., M.R.C.P.

PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY AT KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON

LECTURER ON PHYSIOLOGY AT THE LONDON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE FOR WOMEN
LATE ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON

WITH 104 ILLUSTRATIONS

LONDON

LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.

AND NEW YORK: 15 EAST 16th STREET

1891

All rights reserved

12669

PREFACE

It is some years since a complete textbook of Chemical Physiology has appeared in the English language, and the rapid strides that have been made in this department of science appear to me to justify the production of a new work on the subject. It is with the object of filling this gap in our literature that I have written this book.

I have selected the title Chemical Physiology in preference to that of Physiological Chemistry, as the subjects are treated rather from the point of view of their function in the body, than from that of their chemical relationships to one another; hence the book deals with a department of Physiology more than with a department of Chemistry.

I have added the words and Pathology' to the title, as I have endeavoured to include the chief facts in relation to the blood, urine, and tissues which have a chemico-pathological bearing. I am in hopes that the book may be not only useful to students of physiology, and those pursuing original investigations in chemical physiology, but also to the student of practical medicine and the medical practitioner.

In the preparation of this volume I have received much help from a large number of friends, among whom I would especially mention Prof. SCHÄFER, to whom I owe a number of valuable suggestions and references; Dr. SIDNEY MARTIN, who read my manuscript of the chapters on proteids, foods, diet, and pathological urines, and made both corrections and suggestions; Dr. MACMUNN, who kindly read the proofs of the sections relating to the pigments of the bile and urine, and Dr. R. N. WOLFENDEN, who generously placed in my hands the manuscript of a number of valuable tables relating to the urine; these have formed the basis of the tables given on pp. 712 to 713, 716 to 719, 745 to 746, and 784 to 785.

The books and original monographs that have been consulted have been very numerous.

I believe it will be found that in all cases I have