IN AMERICAN HISTORY EDITED BY THEODORE CALVIN PEASE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AND A. SELLEW ROBERTS KENT STATE NORMAL COLLEGE, OHIO CIO NEW YORK HARCOURT, BRACE AND COMPANY APR - S 1929 PREFACE In the preparation of a source book of American History for college use, certain limitations make themselves felt at the very beginning. It is impossible to apportion documents to the various periods and phases of American history in proportion to their importance. Certain documentary source materials present themselves in a small compass, others are so bulky as to be absolutely unmanageable; it is much easier to select the essentials from an act of Congress of the early nineteenth century than from one of the twentieth. In the ordinary sense of the term, documentation of social, economic, and even much political history is impossible. Therefore, the present work, necessarily, has been constructed with the primary notion of giving the student exercise in the use of sources of such nature that essentials can be brought together in a small compass. Furthermore, while the idea of a documentary source book in the usual sense has been borne in mind, an attempt has been made to mass materials on certain topics of American History in order to make possible a comparative study. Thus the instructor will find extensive bodies of material gathered on such topics as the economic and social life of the various colonies, on the history of imperial control from the navigation acts to Lord North's last attempt to conciliate America; the American side of the Revolutionary controversy, the transition to independence and organized government, the diplomatic trials and triumphs of the new republic are all represented by considerable sections of source materials. The humanitarian forces of the early nineteenth century, the questions of nullification, of state sovereignty, of expansion, the Compromise of 1850, the coming of the Civil War, Civil War legislation, reconstruction, all have their place. The fact that the diplomatic documents of the last fifty years are more easily handled in a source book than the legislative and administrative ones has led to a stronger emphasis on the diplomatic phases of recent history. The evolution of the Monroe Doctrine, United States hegemony in the Caribbean, the problems of the Pacific, the diplomacy of the World War and its aftermath have all been given full attention. To edit the Treaty of Versailles for insertion proved an impossible task. Instead, the Senate Peace Resolution of February-March, 1920, is included. Later sections of the book also include the history of iii American finance from the sub-treasury to the Federal Reserve System; agrarian unrest and attempts to satisfy it, from the Grange to the McNary-Haugen Bill; the attempt of the nation to deal with big business, and the development of organized labor. The most radical departure from established conventions in the present work is the inclusion of materials not strictly documentary. To illustrate past phases of social life, political and economic situations not to be summed up in official documents, extracts have been drawn from books of travel and description, political speeches, governments of quasi public and private origin, etc. These it is hoped will help to arouse and hold the student's interest on what is usually the most laborious part of a course in American history. Grateful acknowledgments are due to Professors J. G. Randall, A. O. Craven, and Louise B. Dunbar of the University of Illinois, who have offered many helpful suggestions as to the content of the volume. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ADVANTAGES OF COLONIZATION. HAKLUYT. 1584 2. THE VIRGINIA CHARTERS. 1606, 1609, 1612 3. THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT. NOV. 11-12, 1620 4. THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY CHARTER. MAR. 4-14, 1628-29 5. THE CAMBRIDGE AGREEMENT. AUG. 26–SEPT. 5, 1629 ... 6. THE CHARTER OF MARYLAND. JUNE 20-30, 1632 10. THE CHARTER OF RHODE ISLAND. JULY 8-18, 1663 ... 13. THE CHARTER OF PENNSYLVANIA. MAR. 4-14, 1680-81 ... 15. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BOARD OF TRADE. MAY 15, 1697 16. THE FOUNDING OF LOUISIANA, 1698-1718. DE LA HARPE 17. NEW ENGLAND IN 1720. DANIEL NEAL ... 21. COLONIAL PHILADELPHIA. PETER KALM. 1770 .... 38 44 47 |