RESULTS OF INSPECTIONS OF POULTRY BY VETERINARIANS ASSIGNED TO THE AVIAN PROJECT

1 Represents all birds in flocks, both infected and healthy.

Mr. CANNON. In all the work to which you have referred, done with C.W.A. funds, the tuberculin used is produced by Federal agencies.

Dr. MOHLER. Entirely.

Mr. CANNON. And those laboratories are located where?

Dr. MOHLER. Right here in Washington in the Department of Agriculture building.

Mr. CANNON. You have no other laboratories producing it elsewhere in the United States?

Dr. MOHLER. No. It is not a difficult product to produce.

We are now applying it by the intradermic method. We use only 2 drops of tuberculin injected into the skin under the root of the tail. Mr. CANNON. That is a new process?

Dr. MOHLER. That is a more modern process. This new tuberculin picks out those old chronic cases much better than the old tubercuin did. It is a synthetic product. Its base is asparagin and there is no serum or beef broth in it like there was in Koch's old tuberculin. Mr. CANNON. Why could you not produce this for Bang's disease as well as for tuberculosis here in your laboratories?

Dr. MOHLER. The two diseases are entirely different. Bangs' disease requires the blood test and may be made miles away from the

You put the serum from the blood on a slide, then add what we call the antigen, which is made from the germs of Bangs' disease. When the two have been in contact for a few minutes you can tell by the appearance of the specimen whether the animal is affected with Bangs' disease or not.

The tuberculin test is an entirely subjective test. We put the tuberculin under the skin of the tail and then come back in 72 hours. If it is a tuberculous animal, there is a reaction at the point of injection indicated by a swelling. You have to be alongside the animal to see or feel the swelling.

GENERAL STATEMENT

Doctor, do you wish to make a general statement

This appropriation is expended in the payment of 1. and office expenses of veterinarians and agents who with the officials and livestock owners in the States kansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Caroa. Texas, and Virginia, in the eradication of the cattle preads splenetic fever infection among cattle and in e areas from infection by controlling the movements From the quarantined areas. During the fiscal year 1935 mount of work on this project will be in the States of siana, Texas, and Arkansas. In the latter State, while -ed from quarantine, some infestation in the central part bast year.

are freed from this tick they are released from quaraneleasing the livestock industry of the quarantine restricitting free movements to markets, and the safe intropurebred animals with which to improve the native stock. 1k is conducted under the previsions of the laws and reguthe various States, the Federal appropriation being exefly in furnishing experienced supervision to insure, as ssible, the application of eradication measures which will the elimination of the tick and warrant the release of areas from quarantine. The interested States generally ended larger sums for this project than the Federal Governt due to present depressed conditions and reduced tax rebetically all State appropriations for the project have been y cut.

adication is a seasonal project and the number of employees cordingly. On July 1 last, 426 veterinarians, agents, and were employed by the Bureau on this project.

Civil Works Administration funds made available for this in the States of Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, during the November 20, 1933, to February 15, 1934, will be used to sh the dipping equipment needs for quarantined areas where radication has not yet been undertaken. This construction was formerly done at State and county expense and was never geable against the Bureau's regular appropriation for tick eradi

n.

PROGRESS IN TICK-ERADICATION WORK

Here again I should like to submit this table which shows that we 89 percent finished with tick eradication. It gives the States d counties that have been released from quarantine and the genal progress of the work. Shall I put it in the record?

Mr. SANDLIN. Yes.

ERADICATING CATTLE TICKS

Mr. SANDLIN. The next item is eradicating cattle ticks. Your estimate for 1935 is $399,306. Your appropriation for the current year is $671,089.

Eradicating cattle ticks: For all necessary expenses for the eradication of southern cattle ticks, $399,306: Provided, That no part of this appropriation shall be used for the purchase of animals or in the purchase of materials for or in the construction of dipping vats upon land not owned solely by the United States, except at fairs or expositions where the Department of Agriculture makes exhibits or demonstrations; nor shall any part of this appropriation be used in the purchase of materials or mixtures for use in dipping vats except in experimental or demonstration work carried on by the officials or agents of the Bureau of Animal Industry.

Dr. MOHLER. The following statement is presented for the record:

Decrease, budget 1935, compared with estimated obligations,
1934

137, 565

The reduction of $271,783 in the 1935 estimate of $399,306 below the appropriation of $671,089 for 1934 consists of:

This appropriation is used cooperatively for the payment of salaries and travel and office expenses of veterinarians and agents in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia in the eradication of the southern cattle tick, which spreads splenetic fever infection among cattle. As counties are cleaned up they are released from Federal quarantine, and their surplus livestock may then be shipped to markets without restrictions. The States generally are contributing larger sums to this work than the appropriation provided by the Federal Government. The work is done under State laws and regulations, Federal money being expended for supervision, thus insuring that all measures of eradication be so carried out as to warrant the release of cleaned areas from quarantine.

ALLOTMENT OF C.W.A. FUNDS

An allotment under the National Industrial Recovery Act of $978 956 has been made by the Civil Works Administration for the furtherance of cattle-tick eradication, as follows:

(1) Florida, $80.456, to be used for the construction of dipping vats. This involves the temporary employment of 450 men, and an expenditure of $53,240 for materials.

(2) Louisiana. $545,020.

This sum is to be applied to the same purpose in a large number of parishes. The number of men to be employed was estimated at 3.370, and the expenditure for materials at $334,420.

(3) Texas, $353,480, employing 2,180 men, and expending $217,400 for materials.

1A reduction in working funds of $155,000, which will be met by the employment of fewer temporary agents who are depended upon usually to carry on this work, amounting to $154.028; and by reduction in rentals of $972 by reason of moving into Federal buildings.

GENERAL STATEMENT

Mr. SANDLIN. Doctor, do you wish to make a general statement on this item?

Dr. MOHLER. This appropriation is expended in the payment of salaries, travel, and office expenses of veterinarians and agents who are cooperating with the officials and livestock owners in the States. of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia, in the eradication of the cattle tick, which spreads splenetic fever infection among cattle and in protecting free areas from infection by controlling the movements of livestock from the quarantined areas. During the fiscal year 1935 the largest amount of work on this project will be in the States of Florida, Louisiana, Texas, and Arkansas. In the latter State, while wholly released from quarantine, some infestation in the central part was found last year.

As areas are freed from this tick they are released from quarantine, thus releasing the livestock industry of the quarantine restrictions, permitting free movements to markets, and the safe introduction of purebred animals with which to improve the native stock. This work is conducted under the previsions of the laws and regulations of the various States, the Federal appropriation being expended chiefly in furnishing experienced supervision to insure, as far as possible, the application of eradication measures which will result in the elimination of the tick and warrant the release of cleaned areas from quarantine. The interested States generally have expended larger sums for this project than the Federal Government but due to present depressed conditions and reduced tax returns practically all State appropriations for the project have been drastically cut.

Tick eradication is a seasonal project and the number of employees varies accordingly. On July 1 last, 426 veterinarians, agents, and clerks were employed by the Bureau on this project.

The Civil Works Administration funds made available for this project in the States of Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, during the period November 20, 1933, to February 15, 1934, will be used to furnish the dipping equipment needs for quarantined areas where tick eradication has not yet been undertaken. This construction work was formerly done at State and county expense and was never chargeable against the Bureau's regular appropriation for tick eradication.

PROGRESS IN TICK-ERADICATION WORK

Here again I should like to submit this table which shows that we are 89 percent finished with tick eradication. It gives the States and counties that have been released from quarantine and the general progress of the work. Shall I put it in the record?

Mr. SANDLIN. Yes.